Question

我能够定义第一组门输入并从相应的门产生输出。我正在尝试使用前一个门的输出并在我的新门中使用它们。

例如，我有一个设置为0的输入，称为PREV，一个名为XOR的变量，它从第一个异或门获取输出，因此可以重复使用。

程序代码：

   #we will be solving the second AND/XOR gates.
   def AND_MK2(XOR,PREV):
   #we define inputs of first XOR gate and PREV; new inputs enter new 
   gates.
       if XOR == 0 and PREV == 0:
           AND_5(XOR,PREV) #again, based on the condition we call 
           different functions.
           print("Now solve the XOR gate otherwise move on")
           gate_path_B ()
       elif XOR == 1 and PREV == 0:
           AND_6(XOR,PREV)
           print("Now solve the XOR gate otherwise move on")
           gate_path_B ()
       else:
           print("Error")

   #since the inputs can only be 00 or 10; PREV is = 0
   def AND_5(XOR,PREV): #called into the main program
       print(XOR , " AND " , PREV , " = 0")
       AND_II = 0 #stores output in variable for later use

   def AND_6(XOR,PREV):
       print(XOR , " AND " , PREV , " = 0")
       AND_II = 0

   #Program starts here by defining the inputs
   A = None
   while A is None:
       try:
           A = int(input("Enter a number 1 or 0: "))
       except ValueError:
           print("You didn't enter either number")
   print(str(A));

   B = None
   while B is None:
       try:
           B = int(input("Enter a number 1 or 0: "))
   except ValueError:
       print("You didn't enter either number")
  print(str(B));

def gate_path_A (): #type any of the three numbers given for their option
    print("Press 3 for MOVE")
    x = int(input("write 1/2/3: "))

    if x == 3:
        gate_path_B()
    else:
        print("error")

def gate_path_B (): #same fundamentals to gate path A but different 
options given
    print("Press 1 for AND_MK2")
    print("Press 3 for MOVE")
    y = int(input("write 1/2/3: "))

    if y == 1:
        AND_MK2(XOR,PREV)
    elif y == 2:
        XOR_MK2(XOR,PREV)
    elif y == 3:
        gate_path_C()
    else:
        print("error")

gate_path_A()
gate_path_B()

PREV = None
while PREV is None:
    try:   
        PREV = 0 #No actual inputs take place
    except ValueError:
        print("Inputs only 0; we have not input in the first place")
print(str(PREV));

XOR = None #we will define XOR based on the output of its first gate.
while XOR is None:
    try:
        XOR(XOR,PREV)
    except ValueError:
        print("Incorrect")
print(str(XOR));

#defines our two logic gates with the given inputs
first_AND (A,B)
first_XOR (A,B)
AND_MK2(XOR,PREV);
XOR_MK2(XOR,PREV);

我只是对整个调试过程的新手，找出错误存在的位置，但主要问题是我得到了

error : gate_path_B is not defined in my AND_MK2 or the XOR_MK2.

如果您需要有关程序执行的更多信息以及产生的结果，请在评论中提及。

执行阶段产生的错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
  systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 169, in <module>
  gate_path_A()
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
   systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 146, in 
   gate_path_A
first_AND (A,B)
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 7, in first_AND
gate_path_A()
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 148, in gate_path_A
first_XOR (A,B)
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 43, in first_XOR
gate_path_A()
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 150, in gate_path_A
gate_path_B()
File "C:\Users\waliu\Documents\Waliur Uni stuff\Information 
systems\Coursework\Python Cicruits\Test MK5.py", line 161, in gate_path_B
AND_MK2(XOR,PREV)
NameError: name 'XOR' is not defined

Answer 1

您的代码存在许多问题。函数内定义的变量仅存在于该函数内部，其他函数无法看到它们。因此，您需要更改功能的交互方式。

你们没有一个函数返回他们计算的内容，因此他们将返回None。因此，您需要在函数中放置return语句，当您调用函数时，您需要保存它返回的内容，以便将其传递给其他函数，＆amp; /或打印。

此外，代码中的远重复过多。不要定义一系列全部执行相同操作的功能。这首先打破了定义函数的主要目的。创建一个执行给定任务的函数，每次需要执行该任务时，使用该函数。

这里有一些代码可以帮助您入门。它没有读取任何用户输入，我会让你处理这项工作。相反，它使用标准product模块中的itertools函数创建位模式以提供给逻辑门。

from itertools import product

def and_gate(a, b):
    return a & b

def xor_gate(a, b):
    return a ^ b

def half_adder(a, b):
    sum_bit = xor_gate(a, b)
    carry_bit = and_gate(a, b)
    return carry_bit, sum_bit 

def full_adder(a, b, c):
    c0, s0 = half_adder(a, b)
    c1, s = half_adder(c, s0)
    c = xor_gate(c0, c1)
    return c, s

# Test

bits = (0, 1)
print('Half-adder test')
for a, b in product(bits, repeat=2):
    c, s = half_adder(a, b)
    print('{} + {} = {} {}'.format(a, b, c, s))

print('\nFull-adder test')
for c, a, b in product(bits, repeat=3):
    c1, s = full_adder(a, b, c)
    print('{} + {} + {} = {} {}'.format(c, a, b, c1, s))

<强>输出

Half-adder test
0 + 0 = 0 0
0 + 1 = 0 1
1 + 0 = 0 1
1 + 1 = 1 0

Full-adder test
0 + 0 + 0 = 0 0
0 + 0 + 1 = 0 1
0 + 1 + 0 = 0 1
0 + 1 + 1 = 1 0
1 + 0 + 0 = 0 1
1 + 0 + 1 = 1 0
1 + 1 + 0 = 1 0
1 + 1 + 1 = 1 1

如何使用函数将XOR门的输出传送到AND门？

1 个答案: