我仍然是python的初学者，但是我试图使用tkinter GUI界面在提交时将数据绘制到龟图形窗口。我在合并它们时遇到了麻烦，因为我从未做过。目前它们是分开工作的，但是我希望输出数据在turtle中创建条形图。 （并在重新提交后向上移动以创建一个新的）。我不知道是否有更好的方法可以做到这一点，但我更愿意使用乌龟。
这是我程序的GUI部分
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import showerror
from turtle import RawTurtle, TurtleScreen, ScrolledCanvas
class calculator(Frame):
#Look up dictionaries for friction coefficients
tireDict = {'Normal':0.13, 'Performance':0.14, 'Winter':0.09, 'Racing':0.16, 'Wagon Wheel':0.03}
roadDict = {'Dry':0.13, 'Wet':0.07, 'Ice':0.02, 'Oil':0.01, 'Absolute Friction':1.0}
def __init__(self):
Frame.__init__(self)
self.master.title("Stopping Distance Calculator")
self.grid(sticky=W+E+N+S)
self.master.geometry("330x240")
self.master.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.master.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
for row in range(4):
self.rowconfigure(row, weight=1)
for column in range(6):
self.columnconfigure(column, weight=1)
#set up input pane
self.inputsPane = Frame(self)
self.inputsPane.grid(row=3, column = 1)
#set up vehicle speed input
self.speedLabel = Label(self.inputsPane, text="Speed in mph")
self.speedLabel.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
self.speedVar= DoubleVar()
self.speedEntry = Entry(self.inputsPane, justify="right", textvariable = self.speedVar)
self.speedEntry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=13, pady=10)
#set up type of tire input
self.tireLabel = Label(self.inputsPane, text="Type of tire")
self.tireLabel.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
tireList = ["Normal", "Performance", "Winter", "Racing", "Wagon Wheel"]
self.tireVar=StringVar()
self.tireVar.set("Normal")
self.tireMenu = OptionMenu(self.inputsPane, self.tireVar, *tireList)
self.tireMenu.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=3, padx=13, pady=10, ipadx=2)
#set up type of road surface input
self.roadLabel = Label(self.inputsPane, text="Type of road surface")
self.roadLabel.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)
roadList = ["Dry", "Wet", "Ice", "Oil", "Absolute Friction"]
self.roadVar=StringVar()
self.roadVar.set("Dry")
self.roadMenu = OptionMenu(self.inputsPane, self.roadVar, *roadList)
self.roadMenu.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=13, pady=10, ipadx=15)
#set up brake power input
self.brakeLabel = Label(self.inputsPane, text="Set the brake power")
self.brakeLabel.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=W)
self.brakeVar=IntVar()
self.brakeSlider = Scale(self.inputsPane, variable=self.brakeVar, from_=1, to=100, tickinterval=100, orient=HORIZONTAL)
self.brakeSlider.grid(row=3, column=1, ipadx=10)
#set up button pane
self.buttonPane = Frame(self)
self.buttonPane.grid(row=4, column = 1)
#set up buttons
self.submit = Button(self.buttonPane, text="Submit", command = self._submit)
self.submit.grid(row=4, column=0, padx=10, pady=5)
self.reset = Button(self.buttonPane, text="Reset", command=self._reset)
self.reset.grid(row=4, column=1, padx=10, pady=5, ipadx=5)
self.quit = Button(self.buttonPane, text="Quit", command=self._quit)
self.quit.grid(row=4, column=2, padx=10, pady=5, ipadx=7)
#Submit button function, testing inputs/outputs currently
def _submit(self):
print (self._speedConvert(self.speedVar))
print (self._lookupTire(self.tireVar))
print (self._lookupRoad(self.roadVar))
print (self.brakeVar.get())
print (self._frictionC())
print (str(self._stopDistance()) + " feet")
#Reset button function
def _reset(self):
self.weightVar.set(0.0)
self.speedVar.set(0.0)
self.tireVar.set("Normal")
self.roadVar.set("Dry")
self.brakeVar.set(1)
#Quit button function
def _quit(self):
self.master.destroy()
#converts mph to m/s
def _speedConvert(self, x):
try:
return self.speedVar.get()/2.237
except:
showerror(title="Error", message="Error: Speed must be number")
#Looks up tire FrC from dictionary
def _lookupTire(self, x):
return calculator.tireDict[self.tireVar.get()]
#Looks up road FrC from dictionary
def _lookupRoad(self, x):
return calculator.roadDict[self.roadVar.get()]
#Calulates friction coefficent
def _frictionC(self):
Ft = self._lookupTire(self.tireVar.get())
Fr = self._lookupRoad(self.roadVar.get())
Bp = float(self.brakeVar.get())
return (Ft + Fr)*(Bp/10)
#Calculates stop distance in feet
def _stopDistance(self):
v = self._speedConvert(self.speedVar.get())
Fc = self._frictionC()
g = float(9.80)
Td = (self.speedVar.get())/3.33
Tm = (v**2) / (Fc * g)*2
m = (Tm + Td)
return round((m*3.28084), 2)
#Main Function
def main():
calculator().mainloop()
main()
这是我到目前为止的乌龟部分
t = RawTurtle()
s = TurtleScreen()
def drawGraph(t):
s.setup(1000, 500)
s.title("Distance Graph")
t.screen.bgcolor("white")
t.width(3)
t.up()
t.pencolor("black")
t.goto(-460, -210)
t.down()
t.goto(460, -210)
t.up()
t.goto(-460, -210)
t.down()
t.goto(-460, 220)
t.up()
t.goto(-460, -210)
for count in range(-460, 465, 40):
t.goto(count, -210)
t.down()
t.goto(count, -215)
t.up()
t.goto(count, -210)
t.goto(-20, -243)
t.write("Distance in ft")
t.goto(-460, -230)
for count in range(0, 930, 40):
t.write(count)
t.goto(-425.5+count, -230)
t.goto(-480, -200)
x = 1
for count in range(0, 460, 45):
t.write(x, move="false", align="center")
x += 1
t.goto(-480, -155+count)
#testing bar graph, will be controlled by submit output in new method when combined
t.goto(-457, -195)
t.down()
t.width(7)
t.pencolor("red")
t.goto(0, -195)
t.pencolor("black")
t.write("500")
t.up()
t.goto(-457, -150)
t.down()
t.pencolor("blue")
t.goto(300, -150)
def main():
drawGraph(t)
main()
非常感谢任何帮助或见识