此程序应呈现单个三角形,但仅显示黑色屏幕。
我已更新此代码以反映答案/评论中建议的更改。
[Ubuntu 16.04,GLFW,GLEW]
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
glfwInit();
// glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
// glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2);
// glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
// glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE);
// glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);
GLFWwindow *window = glfwCreateWindow(800, 600, "OpenGL Practice", NULL, NULL);
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
glewInit();
GLfloat verts[] = {
+0.0f, +1.0f,
-1.0f, -1.0f,
+1.0f, -1.0f
};
GLuint vao;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao);
glBindVertexArray(vao);
GLuint vbo;
glGenBuffers(1, &vbo);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(verts), verts, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
// glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0);
// Main loop
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
glfwPollEvents();
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
{
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
}
glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
[更新:似乎此代码所基于的教程使用的是更旧版本的openGL,其中不需要着色器。对于初学者来说,这是非常难以找到的,因为设置完全相同并且没有编译或运行时错误。我在下面标注了与此解释最接近的答案。]
答案 0 :(得分:2)
You have绘图 - &gt;清除 - &gt;交换。
在之前清除,而不是之后:
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
glfwPollEvents();
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
{
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
}
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
答案 1 :(得分:2)
即使你创建了一个VBO和VAO并填充了它们,你也没有正确使用它们。
首先需要绑定VAO然后绑定VBO然后将数据复制到缓冲区并使用glVertexAttribPointer()函数然后取消绑定两个缓冲区。
然后在渲染之前再次绑定VAO并在绘制后解除绑定。
您还需要SHADERS
我的代码中没有看到任何着色器。
这是一个有效的代码:
#include <iostream>
// GLEW
#define GLEW_STATIC
#include <GL/glew.h>
// GLFW
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
// Function prototypes
void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);
// Window dimensions
const GLuint WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 600;
// Shaders
const GLchar* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"gl_Position = vec4(position.x, position.y, position.z, 1.0);\n"
"}\0";
const GLchar* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"
"out vec4 color;\n"
"void main()\n"
"{\n"
"color = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n"
"}\n\0";
// The MAIN function, from here we start the application and run the game loop
int main()
{
// Init GLFW
glfwInit();
// Set all the required options for GLFW
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);
// Create a GLFWwindow object that we can use for GLFW's functions
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", nullptr, nullptr);
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
// Set the required callback functions
glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);
// Set this to true so GLEW knows to use a modern approach to retrieving function pointers and extensions
glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
// Initialize GLEW to setup the OpenGL Function pointers
glewInit();
// Define the viewport dimensions
int width, height;
glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
// Build and compile our shader program
// Vertex shader
GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(vertexShader);
// Check for compile time errors
GLint success;
GLchar infoLog[512];
glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// Fragment shader
GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);
glCompileShader(fragmentShader);
// Check for compile time errors
glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);
if (!success)
{
glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
// Link shaders
GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);
glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);
glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);
// Check for linking errors
glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);
if (!success) {
glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, NULL, infoLog);
std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;
}
glDeleteShader(vertexShader);
glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);
// Set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and attribute pointers
GLfloat vertices[] = {
-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // Left
0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // Right
0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f // Top
};
GLuint VBO, VAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
// Bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s) and attribute pointer(s).
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); // Note that this is allowed, the call to glVertexAttribPointer registered VBO as the currently bound vertex buffer object so afterwards we can safely unbind
glBindVertexArray(0); // Unbind VAO (it's always a good thing to unbind any buffer/array to prevent strange bugs)
// Game loop
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
// Check if any events have been activiated (key pressed, mouse moved etc.) and call corresponding response functions
glfwPollEvents();
// Render
// Clear the colorbuffer
glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
// Draw our first triangle
glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
glBindVertexArray(VAO);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glBindVertexArray(0);
// Swap the screen buffers
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
}
// Properly de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
// Terminate GLFW, clearing any resources allocated by GLFW.
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
// Is called whenever a key is pressed/released via GLFW
void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)
{
if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);
}
来源:https://learnopengl.com/code_viewer.php?code=getting-started/hellotriangle
我建议你从头开始学习OpenGL。 https://learnopengl.com/是学习OpenGL的好地方。