Question

给定一个矩阵 A （ mxnxc ）（ c 可以是任意的），我想对补丁进行采样（ pxp ）在滑动窗口方案中使用stepsize d ，并将所有 pxpxc 补丁重新排列到矢量中。我可以在嵌套的for循环中完成它，但它非常耗时。如何快速完成？

Answer 1

可以使用this solution to Efficient Implementation of im2col and col2im再次展开bsxfun以获取3D数组大小写以解决您的问题。

现在，对这个问题有两种可能的解释：

提取大小为2D的块和每个向量，为整个第一个3D切片执行此操作，然后对3D中的所有切片重复此操作，生成{{ 1}}输出。
将每个大小为p x p x c的块作为向量集合，并以滑动的方式在整个数组中执行此操作，从而产生2D输出。

这两种解释分别实现为im2col_3D_sliding_v1和im2col_3D_sliding_v2，然后列出。

im2col_3D_sliding_v1：

function out = im2col_3D_sliding_v1(A,blocksize,stepsize)

%// Store blocksizes
nrows = blocksize(1);
ncols = blocksize(2);

%// Store stepsizes along rows and cols
d_row = stepsize(1);
d_col = stepsize(2);

%// Get sizes for later usages
[m,n,r] = size(A);

%// Start indices for each block
start_ind = reshape(bsxfun(@plus,[1:d_row:m-nrows+1]',[0:d_col:n-ncols]*m),[],1); %//'

%// Row indices
lin_row = permute(bsxfun(@plus,start_ind,[0:nrows-1])',[1 3 2]);  %//'

%// 2D linear indices
lidx_2D = reshape(bsxfun(@plus,lin_row,[0:ncols-1]*m),nrows*ncols,[]);

%// 3D linear indices
lidx_3D = bsxfun(@plus,lidx_2D,m*n*permute((0:r-1),[1 3 2]));

%// Get linear indices based on row and col indices and get desired output
out = A(lidx_3D);

return;

im2col_3D_sliding_v2：

function out = im2col_3D_sliding_v2(A,blocksize,stepsize)

%// Store blocksizes
nrows = blocksize(1);
ncols = blocksize(2);

%// Store stepsizes along rows and cols
d_row = stepsize(1);
d_col = stepsize(2);

%// Get sizes for later usages
[m,n,r] = size(A);

%// Start indices for each block
start_ind = reshape(bsxfun(@plus,[1:d_row:m-nrows+1]',[0:d_col:n-ncols]*m),[],1); %//'

%// Row indices
lin_row = permute(bsxfun(@plus,start_ind,[0:nrows-1])',[1 3 2]);  %//'

%// 2D linear indices
lidx_2D = reshape(bsxfun(@plus,lin_row,[0:ncols-1]*m),nrows*ncols,[]);

%// 3D linear indices
lidx_3D = bsxfun(@plus,permute(lidx_2D,[1 3 2]),m*n*(0:r-1));

%// Final 2D linear indices
lidx_2D_final = reshape(lidx_3D,[],size(lidx_2D,2));

%// Get linear indices based on row and col indices and get desired output
out = A(lidx_2D_final);

return;

示例运行

（I）输入数组：

>> A
A(:,:,1) =
    23   109    63     1    37   153
   110    31   201    57    69   230
    66   127    19     1    45   240
    76   181   101    49    36    57
A(:,:,2) =
   124    18   244     2   141    95
    96   112   110   174    56   228
   134    45   246   181   197   219
    68     7   195   165    59   103

（II）输入参数：

>> blocksize = [2,3]; %// blocksize along rows, cols
>> stepsize = [2,2];  %// stepsize along rows, cols

（III）输出有两个版本：

>> im2col_3D_sliding_v1(A,blocksize,stepsize)
ans(:,:,1) =
    23    66    63    19
   110    76   201   101
   109   127     1     1
    31   181    57    49
    63    19    37    45
   201   101    69    36
ans(:,:,2) =
   124   134   244   246
    96    68   110   195
    18    45     2   181
   112     7   174   165
   244   246   141   197
   110   195    56    59

   >> im2col_3D_sliding_v2(A,blocksize,stepsize)
ans =
    23    66    63    19
   110    76   201   101
   109   127     1     1
    31   181    57    49
    63    19    37    45
   201   101    69    36
   124   134   244   246
    96    68   110   195
    18    45     2   181
   112     7   174   165
   244   246   141   197
   110   195    56    59

将滑动块重新排列为3D阵列的列（3D中的IM2COL） - MATLAB

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