JavaFX 3D旋转

时间：2015-07-13 11:51:59

标签： java 3d rotation javafx-3d

我的问题是：

  1. 以下代码基于oracle教程网站上的“MolecularSampleApp”，但非常简化。它仅显示用于定向目的的框和红色球体。旋转顺序围绕x轴，然后是y轴，最后是z轴。旋转之后显然是在坐标轴上完成的，坐标轴随之前的旋转而旋转。 （我用一个立方体和90°旋转序列一次又一次地检查）因此，当用户用鼠标旋转摄像机视图时，这是非常不直观的，因为旋转行为在围绕垂直屏幕轴旋转后发生变化（因为然后水平轴也会旋转。 尝试使用我的下面的代码，或使用MolecularSampleApp - 它同样不自然的感觉。有没有一种简单的方法可以克服这个问题？
  2. 但是我甚至不理解的是执行mousePressed-code时的行为：这里，摄像机总是在FIXED系统中旋转！轴不会随相机一起旋转，尽管它的代码基本相同（旋转角度当然不会在这里累积）。有谁知道这怎么可能？
    3. package trafotest;

import javafx.application.Application;
import static javafx.application.Application.launch;
import javafx.scene.DepthTest;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.PerspectiveCamera;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.paint.PhongMaterial;
import javafx.scene.shape.Box;
import javafx.scene.shape.Sphere;
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class TrafoTest extends Application {

    final Group root = new Group();
    final XformWorld world = new XformWorld();
    final PerspectiveCamera camera = new PerspectiveCamera(true);
    final XformCamera cameraXform = new XformCamera();
    private static final double CAMERA_INITIAL_DISTANCE = -1000;
    private static final double CAMERA_NEAR_CLIP = 0.1;
    private static final double CAMERA_FAR_CLIP = 10000.0;
    double mousePosX, mousePosY, mouseOldX, mouseOldY, mouseDeltaX, mouseDeltaY;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        root.getChildren().add(world);
        root.setDepthTest(DepthTest.ENABLE);
        buildCamera();
        buildBodySystem();
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, true);
        scene.setFill(Color.GREY);
        handleMouse(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Transformationen");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
        scene.setCamera(camera);
    }

    private void buildCamera() {
        root.getChildren().add(cameraXform);
        cameraXform.getChildren().add(camera);
        camera.setNearClip(CAMERA_NEAR_CLIP);
        camera.setFarClip(CAMERA_FAR_CLIP);
        camera.setTranslateZ(CAMERA_INITIAL_DISTANCE);
    }

    private void buildBodySystem() {
        PhongMaterial whiteMaterial = new PhongMaterial();
        whiteMaterial.setDiffuseColor(Color.WHITE);
        whiteMaterial.setSpecularColor(Color.LIGHTBLUE);
        Box box = new Box(400, 200, 100);
        box.setMaterial(whiteMaterial);
        PhongMaterial redMaterial = new PhongMaterial();
        redMaterial.setDiffuseColor(Color.DARKRED);
        redMaterial.setSpecularColor(Color.RED);
        Sphere sphere = new Sphere(5);
        sphere.setMaterial(redMaterial);
        sphere.setTranslateZ(-50.0);
        world.getChildren().addAll(box);
        world.getChildren().addAll(sphere);
    }

    private void handleMouse(Scene scene) {
        scene.setOnMousePressed((MouseEvent me) -> {
            mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
            mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
            mouseOldX = me.getSceneX();
            mouseOldY = me.getSceneY();
            // this is done after clicking and the rotations are apearently
            // performed in coordinates that are NOT rotated with the camera.
            // (pls activate the two lines below for clicking)
            //cameraXform.rx.setAngle(-90.0);
            //cameraXform.ry.setAngle(180.0);
        });
        scene.setOnMouseDragged((MouseEvent me) -> {
            mouseOldX = mousePosX;
            mouseOldY = mousePosY;
            mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
            mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
            mouseDeltaX = (mousePosX - mouseOldX);
            mouseDeltaY = (mousePosY - mouseOldY);
            if (me.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
                // this is done when the mouse is dragged and each rotation is
                // performed in coordinates, that are rotated with the camera.            
                cameraXform.ry.setAngle(cameraXform.ry.getAngle() + mouseDeltaX * 0.2);
                cameraXform.rx.setAngle(cameraXform.rx.getAngle() - mouseDeltaY * 0.2);                
            }
        });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

}

class XformWorld extends Group {

    final Translate t = new Translate(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    final Rotate rx = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.X_AXIS);
    final Rotate ry = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Y_AXIS);
    final Rotate rz = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Z_AXIS);

    public XformWorld() {
        super();
        this.getTransforms().addAll(t, rx, ry, rz);
    }

}

class XformCamera extends Group {

    final Translate t = new Translate(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    final Rotate rx = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.X_AXIS);
    final Rotate ry = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Y_AXIS);
    final Rotate rz = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Z_AXIS);

    public XformCamera() {
        super();
        this.getTransforms().addAll(t, rx, ry, rz);
    }

}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：7)

我找到了一个适合我的解决方案，以防万一其他人也感兴趣：

package trafotest;

import javafx.application.Application;
import static javafx.application.Application.launch;
import javafx.geometry.Point3D;
import javafx.scene.DepthTest;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.PerspectiveCamera;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.paint.PhongMaterial;
import javafx.scene.shape.Box;
import javafx.scene.shape.Sphere;
import javafx.scene.transform.Rotate;
import javafx.scene.transform.Transform;
import javafx.scene.transform.Translate;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class TrafoTest extends Application {
    final Group root = new Group();
    final XformWorld world = new XformWorld();
    final PerspectiveCamera camera = new PerspectiveCamera(true);
    final XformCamera cameraXform = new XformCamera();
    private static final double CAMERA_INITIAL_DISTANCE = -1000;
    private static final double CAMERA_NEAR_CLIP = 0.1;
    private static final double CAMERA_FAR_CLIP = 10000.0;
    double mousePosX, mousePosY, mouseOldX, mouseOldY, mouseDeltaX, mouseDeltaY;
    double mouseFactorX, mouseFactorY;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        root.getChildren().add(world);
        root.setDepthTest(DepthTest.ENABLE);
        buildCamera();
        buildBodySystem();
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 600, true);
        scene.setFill(Color.GREY);
        handleMouse(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("TrafoTest");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
        scene.setCamera(camera);
        mouseFactorX = 180.0 / scene.getWidth();
        mouseFactorY = 180.0 / scene.getHeight();
    }

    private void buildCamera() {
        root.getChildren().add(cameraXform);
        cameraXform.getChildren().add(camera);
        camera.setNearClip(CAMERA_NEAR_CLIP);
        camera.setFarClip(CAMERA_FAR_CLIP);
        camera.setTranslateZ(CAMERA_INITIAL_DISTANCE);
    }

    private void buildBodySystem() {
        PhongMaterial whiteMaterial = new PhongMaterial();
        whiteMaterial.setDiffuseColor(Color.WHITE);
        whiteMaterial.setSpecularColor(Color.LIGHTBLUE);
        Box box = new Box(400, 200, 100);
        box.setMaterial(whiteMaterial);
        PhongMaterial redMaterial = new PhongMaterial();
        redMaterial.setDiffuseColor(Color.DARKRED);
        redMaterial.setSpecularColor(Color.RED);
        Sphere sphere = new Sphere(5);
        sphere.setMaterial(redMaterial);
        sphere.setTranslateX(200.0);
        sphere.setTranslateY(-100.0);
        sphere.setTranslateZ(-50.0);
        world.getChildren().addAll(box);
        world.getChildren().addAll(sphere);
    }

    private void handleMouse(Scene scene) {
        scene.setOnMousePressed((MouseEvent me) -> {
            mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
            mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
            mouseOldX = me.getSceneX();
            mouseOldY = me.getSceneY();
        });
        scene.setOnMouseDragged((MouseEvent me) -> {
            mouseOldX = mousePosX;
            mouseOldY = mousePosY;
            mousePosX = me.getSceneX();
            mousePosY = me.getSceneY();
            mouseDeltaX = (mousePosX - mouseOldX);
            mouseDeltaY = (mousePosY - mouseOldY);
            if (me.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
                cameraXform.ry(mouseDeltaX * 180.0 / scene.getWidth());
                cameraXform.rx(-mouseDeltaY * 180.0 / scene.getHeight());
            } else if (me.isSecondaryButtonDown()) {
                camera.setTranslateZ(camera.getTranslateZ() + mouseDeltaY);
            }
        });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }

}

class XformWorld extends Group {
    final Translate t = new Translate(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    final Rotate rx = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.X_AXIS);
    final Rotate ry = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Y_AXIS);
    final Rotate rz = new Rotate(0, 0, 0, 0, Rotate.Z_AXIS);

    public XformWorld() {
        super();
        this.getTransforms().addAll(t, rx, ry, rz);
    }
}

class XformCamera extends Group {
    Point3D px = new Point3D(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    Point3D py = new Point3D(0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    Rotate r;
    Transform t = new Rotate();

    public XformCamera() {
        super();
    }

    public void rx(double angle) {
        r = new Rotate(angle, px);
        this.t = t.createConcatenation(r);
        this.getTransforms().clear();
        this.getTransforms().addAll(t);
    }

    public void ry(double angle) {
        r = new Rotate(angle, py);
        this.t = t.createConcatenation(r);
        this.getTransforms().clear();
        this.getTransforms().addAll(t);
    }

}
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