根据下拉选择填充数据库中的另一个选择下拉列表

时间:2012-07-24 17:37:18

标签: php javascript ajax

我正在构建一个网站来学习编码,我正在尝试构建一个工具,用户点击包含从数据库 cat 中提取的某些类别名称的选择/下拉列表,然后会出现另一个选择从数据库 subcat 中提取的子类别名称。这几乎与Yelp一样(请转到类别)like Yelp's (go down to the categories)

我也做了一个图表:

enter image description here

我已经有一个类别下拉列表,它来自 cat 数据库:

<p><b>Category:</b><br />
 <?php
  $query="SELECT id,cat FROM cat";
  $result = mysql_query ($query);
  echo"<select name='cselect3' class='e1'><option value='0'>Please Select A       Category</option>";
  // printing the list box select command
  while($catinfo=mysql_fetch_array($result)){//Array or records stored in $nt
  echo "<option value=\"".htmlspecialchars($catinfo['cat'])."\">".$catinfo['cat']."    </option>";

  }

echo"</select>";
?>

我有一个来自subcat数据库的subcat:

<p><b>Subcat1:</b><br />
<?php
  $query="SELECT id,subcat FROM subcat";
  $result = mysql_query ($query);
  echo"<select name='sselect1' class='e1'><option value='0'>Please Select A Category</option>";
  // printing the list box select command
  while($catinfo=mysql_fetch_array($result)){//Array or records stored in $nt
      echo "<option value=\"".htmlspecialchars($catinfo['subcat'])."\">".$catinfo['subcat']."</option>";

  }

 echo"</select>";
?>

如何根据用户点击类别并使其自动显示来创建子类别下拉列表? 非常感谢您的帮助!

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

我只是将变量放在javascript中使用php然后使用javascript函数..不需要jquery或AJAX。

但是你需要为子类别设置一个外键,无论如何..即 - 对于subcat表中的每个记录,你需要给它一个catid以便引用...

<?php
  $db = new mysqli('localhost','user','password','dbname');//set your database handler
  $query = "SELECT id,cat FROM cat";
  $result = $db->query($query);

  while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()){
    $categories[] = array("id" => $row['id'], "val" => $row['cat']);
  }

  $query = "SELECT id, catid, subcat FROM subcat";
  $result = $db->query($query);

  while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()){
    $subcats[$row['catid']][] = array("id" => $row['id'], "val" => $row['subcat']);
  }

  $jsonCats = json_encode($categories);
  $jsonSubCats = json_encode($subcats);


?>

<!docytpe html>
<html>

  <head>
    <script type='text/javascript'>
      <?php
        echo "var categories = $jsonCats; \n";
        echo "var subcats = $jsonSubCats; \n";
      ?>
      function loadCategories(){
        var select = document.getElementById("categoriesSelect");
        select.onchange = updateSubCats;
        for(var i = 0; i < categories.length; i++){
          select.options[i] = new Option(categories[i].val,categories[i].id);          
        }
      }
      function updateSubCats(){
        var catSelect = this;
        var catid = this.value;
        var subcatSelect = document.getElementById("subcatsSelect");
        subcatSelect.options.length = 0; //delete all options if any present
        for(var i = 0; i < subcats[catid].length; i++){
          subcatSelect.options[i] = new Option(subcats[catid][i].val,subcats[catid][i].id);
        }
      }
    </script>

  </head>

  <body onload='loadCategories()'>
    <select id='categoriesSelect'>
    </select>

    <select id='subcatsSelect'>
    </select>
  </body>
</html>

答案 1 :(得分:3)

由于子类别下拉列表中的数据取决于类别中选择的内容,因此您可能希望使用ajax。您可以在类别下拉列表上设置一个事件监听器,当它发生变化时,您可以请求子类别的数据下拉并填充它,有很多不同的方法可以解决它,下面是一个选项(使用jquery)来获取启动。

// warning sub optimal jquery code 
$(function(){

   // listen to events on the category dropdown
   $('#cat').change(function(){

       // don't do anything if use selects "Select Cat"
       if($(this).val() !== "Select Cat") {

           // subcat.php would return the list of option elements 
           // based on the category provided, if you have spaces in 
           // your values you will need to escape the values
           $.get('subcat.php?cat='+ $(this).val(), function(result){
               $('#subcat').html(result);
           });

       }

   });

});

答案 2 :(得分:0)

如果您正在使用AJAX,您将希望第二位代码成为一个单独的php文件,您将通过AJAX调用它。在来自AJAX调用的回调中,只需执行(伪代码):someContainingDivOrSomething.innerHtml = responseBody;

请注意,直接在PHP显示文件中进行查询(关注点分离)通常是个坏主意。还有其他一些可以改进的事情。但是,这将帮助您入门。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

在着陆页上制作此html结构

<p><b>Category:</b><br />
 <?php
  $query="SELECT id,cat FROM cat";
  $result = mysql_query ($query);
  echo"<select name='cselect3' onChange='loadSubCats(this.value)' class='e1'><option value='0'>Please Select A       Category</option>";
  // printing the list box select command
  while($catinfo=mysql_fetch_array($result)){//Array or records stored in $nt
  echo "<option value=\"".htmlspecialchars($catinfo['cat'])."\">".$catinfo['cat']."    </option>";

  }

echo"</select>";
?>

<div id='sub_categories'></div>

将js函数分配给类别下拉列表

function loadSubCats(value)
{
  $.post('load_sub_cats.php',{catid : value},function{data}
                                             {
                                              $('#sub_categories').html(data);

                                             });

}

现在在你的load_sub_cats.php

<p><b>Subcat1:</b><br />
<?php
  $catid = $_POST['cat_id']
  $query="SELECT id,subcat FROM subcat where catid = $catid";
  $result = mysql_query ($query);
  echo"<select name='sselect1' class='e1'><option value='0'>Please Select A Category</option>";
  // printing the list box select command
  while($catinfo=mysql_fetch_array($result)){//Array or records stored in $nt
      echo "<option value=\"".htmlspecialchars($catinfo['subcat'])."\">".$catinfo['subcat']."</option>";

  }

 echo"</select>";
?>

您需要在此代码工作中包含jquery。