我试图根据FIPS 186-3 C.3.1中的描述实施Miller-Rabin素性测试。无论我做什么,我都无法让它发挥作用。说明非常具体,我不认为我错过了任何东西,但我得到true
非素数值。
我做错了什么?
template <typename R, typename S, typename T>
T POW(R base, S exponent, const T mod){
T result = 1;
while (exponent){
if (exponent & 1)
result = (result * base) % mod;
exponent >>= 1;
base = (base * base) % mod;
}
return result;
}
// used uint64_t to prevent overflow, but only testing with small numbers for now
bool MillerRabin_FIPS186(uint64_t w, unsigned int iterations = 50){
srand(time(0));
unsigned int a = 0;
uint64_t W = w - 1; // dont want to keep calculating w - 1
uint64_t m = W;
while (!(m & 1)){
m >>= 1;
a++;
}
// skipped getting wlen
// when i had this function using my custom arbitrary precision integer class,
// and could get len(w), getting it and using it in an actual RBG
// made no difference
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < iterations; i++){
uint64_t b = (rand() % (W - 3)) + 2; // 2 <= b <= w - 2
uint64_t z = POW(b, m, w);
if ((z == 1) || (z == W))
continue;
else
for(unsigned int j = 1; j < a; j++){
z = POW(z, 2, w);
if (z == W)
continue;
if (z == 1)
return 0;// Composite
}
}
return 1;// Probably Prime
}
这样:
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(33) << std::endl;
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(35) << std::endl;
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(37) << std::endl;
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(39) << std::endl;
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(45) << std::endl;
std::cout << MillerRabin_FIPS186(49) << std::endl;
正在给我:
0
1
1
1
0
1
答案 0 :(得分:5)
您的实现和Wikipedia之间的唯一区别是您忘记了第二个返回复合语句。你应该在循环结束时返回0。
编辑:正如丹尼尔指出的,还有第二个区别。继续继续内循环,而不是像它应该的那样外循环。
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < iterations; i++){
uint64_t b = (rand() % (W - 3)) + 2; // 2 <= b <= w - 2
uint64_t z = POW(b, m, w);
if ((z == 1) || (z == W))
continue;
else{
int continueOuter = 0;
for(unsigned int j = 1; j < a; j++){
z = POW(z, 2, w);
if (z == W)
continueOuter = 1;
break;
if (z == 1)
return 0;// Composite
}
if (continueOuter) {continue;}
}
return 0; //This is the line you're missing.
}
return 1;// Probably Prime
另外,如果输入是偶数,它总是会返回素数,因为a是0.你应该在开头添加一个额外的检查。
答案 1 :(得分:4)
在内循环中,
for(unsigned int j = 1; j < a; j++){
z = POW(z, 2, w);
if (z == W)
continue;
if (z == 1)
return 0;// Composite
}
break;
时,您应continue;
而不是z == W
。通过continue
,在该循环的下一次迭代中,如果有一个,z
将变为1并且候选者可能被错误地声明为复合。在这里,在小于100的素数中,这种情况发生在17,41,73,89和97中。