将OpenGL深度缓冲区转换为距离摄像机的世界空间z距离?

时间:2011-11-16 20:39:55

标签: java opengl jogl depth

我正在使用Java OpenGL(JOGL 2.x,由Git源构建)。我正在将场景渲染到具有颜色和深度附件的帧缓冲对象。我想将[0,1]深度缓冲区值转换为世界空间距离。我的深度附件定义如下:

    private void setupDepthFBOs(GL2 gl,
                            int width,
                            int height, 
                            int[] frameBufferIds,
                            int[] colorBufferIds,
                            int[] depthBufferIds) {        
    // based on
    // http://www.java2s.com/Code/Java/Advanced-Graphics/BloomOpenGL.htm
    //  generate a framebuffer object
    gl.glGenFramebuffers(1, frameBufferIds, 0);
    // bind the framebuffer
    gl.glBindFramebuffer(GL.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, frameBufferIds[0]);

    // generate a texture in memory
    gl.glGenTextures(1, colorBufferIds,0);
    gl.glBindTexture(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, colorBufferIds[0]);
    // this will be an RGBA texture (4 bpp) with width, height..
    gl.glTexImage2D(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D,      // target texture type
            0,          // mipmap LOD level
            GL2.GL_RGBA8,           // internal pixel format
            width,          // width of generated image
            height,         // height of generated image
            0,          // border of image
            GL2.GL_RGBA,        // external pixel format 
            GL2.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,   // datatype for each value
            null);  // buffer to store the texture in memory

    // set some texture parameters?
    gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 
                       GL.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL.GL_LINEAR);

    // use the texture we just created in the framebuffer we just created
    gl.glFramebufferTexture2D(
            GL2.GL_FRAMEBUFFER,         // target texture type
            GL.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0,    // attachment point
            GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D,           // texture target type
            colorBufferIds[0],          // on-gpu id for texture 
            0);                         // mipmap lod level

    gl.glGenTextures(1,depthBufferIds,0);
    gl.glBindTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D,depthBufferIds[0]);
    gl.glTexImage2D(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D,          // target texture type
            0,                          // mipmap LOD level
            GL2.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24,   // internal pixel format
                    //GL2.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT
            width,                      // width of generated image
            height,                     // height of generated image
            0,                          // border of image
            GL2.GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT,     // external pixel format 
            GL2.GL_UNSIGNED_INT,        // datatype for each value
            null);  // buffer to store the texture in memory


    gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D,
                       GL.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL.GL_NEAREST);
    gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D,
                       GL.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL.GL_NEAREST);
    gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 
                       GL.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
    gl.glTexParameteri(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 
                       GL.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);

    gl.glFramebufferTexture2D(GL.GL_FRAMEBUFFER,
                              GL.GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT,
                              GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D,
                              depthBufferIds[0],0);


    gl.glBindTexture(GL.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);

    int status = gl.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL2.GL_FRAMEBUFFER);


    if (status == GL2.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
        gl.glBindFramebuffer(GL.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
    } else {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Frame Buffer Object not created. Status was: " + status);
    }

}

这成功创建了一个深度缓冲区,我可以将其作为纹理读取并渲染到屏幕,或者用作着色器的输入(我的预期最终用例)。

在几天前对IRC进行了一些讨论后,我想出了以下公式,将投影矩阵(此处表示为p)和深度缓冲值与世界空间中屏幕上每个点的距离相关联: / p>

z =(p_33)/(p_34 +深度)

(注意:我的投影矩阵/眼睛设置在Z +方向看)

这会产生几乎合理的z值,但是到场景中已知点的距离与此等式返回的值之间存在很大的误差。

我在这里做错了什么想法?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

以下是我的计算结果,我的结果与您的不同:

<强>定义:

depth = out_z / out_w
out_z = in_z * p_33 + in_w * p_43
out_w = in_z * p_34 + in_w * p_44

已知:

in_w = 1, p_43 = -1, p_44 = 0

<强>工作:

depth = (in_z * p_33 - 1) / (in_z * p_34)
depth = p_33 / p_34 - 1 / (in_z * p_34)
p_33 / p_34 - depth = 1 / (in_z * p_34)
1 / (p_33 / p_34 - depth) = in_z * p_34
1 / (p_33 / p_34 - depth) = in_z * p_34
1 / (p_33 - depth * p_34) = in_z