问题:
我需要在同一个Haskell monad变换器堆栈中编写不同类型的writer monad。除了使用tell
编写调试消息之外,我还想用它来编写其他一些数据类型,例如数据包在其他一些环境中传输。
我已经检查了Hackage的通道化编写器monad。我希望找到的是类似于编写器的monad,它支持多种数据类型,每种数据类型代表runWriter
结果中不同的“逻辑”通道。我的搜索没有发现任何事情。
解决方案尝试1:
我解决问题的第一个方法是在这些方面堆叠WriterT
两次:
type Packet = B.ByteString
newtype MStack a = MStack { unMStack :: WriterT [Packet] (WriterT [String] Identity) a }
deriving (Monad)
但是,在将MStack
声明为MonadWriter [Packet]
和MonadWriter [String]
的实例时,我遇到了问题:
instance MonadWriter [String] MStack where
tell = Control.Monad.Writer.tell
listen = Control.Monad.Writer.listen
pass = Control.Monad.Writer.pass
instance MonadWriter [Packet] MStack where
tell = lift . Control.Monad.Writer.tell
listen = lift . Control.Monad.Writer.listen
pass = lift . Control.Monad.Writer.pass
ghci的后续投诉:
/Users/djoyner/working/channelized-writer/Try1.hs:12:10:
Functional dependencies conflict between instance declarations:
instance MonadWriter [String] MStack
-- Defined at /Users/djoyner/working/channelized-writer/Try1.hs:12:10-36
instance MonadWriter [Packet] MStack
-- Defined at /Users/djoyner/working/channelized-writer/Try1.hs:17:10-36
Failed, modules loaded: none.
我理解为什么这种方法无效,如此处所示,但我无法找到解决基本问题的方法,所以我完全放弃了它。
解决方案尝试2:
由于它看起来堆栈中只能有一个WriterT
,我在Packet
和String
上使用了一个包装器类型,并将该事实隐藏在实用程序函数中({ {1}},runMStack
和tellPacket
以下)。以下是完整的解决方案:
tellDebug
是的,编译和工作!
解决方案非尝试3:
我还想到,这可能是我自己滚动的时间,也包括我的实际应用程序的变换器堆栈类型中需要出现的错误,读取器和状态monad功能。我没有尝试过这个。
问题:
虽然解决方案2有效,但还有更好的方法吗?
此外,具有可变数量通道的通道化编写器monad是否可以作为包一般实现?看起来这将是一件有用的事情,我想知道它为什么不存在。
答案 0 :(得分:23)
Writer
monad的输出需要是Monoid
,但幸运的是,幺半群的元组也是幺半群!所以这有效:
import Control.Monad.Writer
import qualified Data.ByteString as B
import Data.Monoid
type Packet = B.ByteString
tellPacket xs = tell (xs, mempty)
tellDebug xs = tell (mempty, xs)
myFunc :: Writer ([Packet], [String]) ()
myFunc = do
tellDebug ["Entered myFunc"]
tellPacket [B.pack [0..255]]
tellDebug ["Exited myFunc"]
main = do
let (_, (ps, ds)) = runWriter myFunc
putStrLn $ "Will be sending " ++ (show $ length ps) ++ " packets."
putStrLn "Debug log:"
mapM_ putStrLn ds
答案 1 :(得分:8)
为了记录,可以将两个WriterT
叠加在一起:
{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}
import Control.Monad.Writer
import Control.Monad.Identity
import qualified Data.ByteString as B
type Packet = B.ByteString
newtype MStack a = MStack { unMStack :: WriterT [Packet] (WriterT [String] Identity) a }
deriving (Functor, Applicative, Monad)
tellDebug = MStack . lift . Control.Monad.Writer.tell
tellPacket = MStack . Control.Monad.Writer.tell
runMStack m =
let ((a, ps), ds) = (runIdentity . runWriterT . runWriterT . unMStack) m
in (a, ps, ds)
myFunc = do
tellDebug ["Entered myFunc"]
tellPacket [B.pack [0..255]]
tellDebug ["Exited myFunc"]
main = do
let (_, ps, ds) = runMStack myFunc
putStrLn $ "Will be sending " ++ (show $ length ps) ++ " packets."
putStrLn "Debug log:"
mapM_ putStrLn ds