正在使用以下{leetcode} Kth largest element。
这是我的js代码:
var findKthLargest = function(n, k) {
// largest at 1st
global.arr = new Array(k).fill(false);
// loop n
for(let i=0; i<n.length; i++) {
// allocate this #
allocate(n[i]);
}
console.log('end', arr);
return arr[0];
};
// n single #
var allocate = function(n) {
// start from largest
for(let i=arr.length-1; i>=0; i--) {
// not set OR > curr, < prev
if(arr[i] === false || n > arr[i]) {
console.log('before s', arr);
shift(i, n);
return; // need to get out now, otherwise keep overwriting
console.log('after s', arr);
}
}
}
// n single #
var shift = function(ind, n) {
// n > arr[ind]
// e.g. 6 in, [3, 4, 5, 7], ind == 2,
// 7 intact, 4 overwrite 3, 5 overwrite 4, 6 overwrite 5
let i;
for(i=1; i<=ind; i++) {
arr[i-1] = arr[i];
}
// shift done, now inject
arr[i-1] = n;
}
无法通过以下测试用例。
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5000
有人暗示吗?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
/**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @param {number} k
* @return {number}
*/
var findKthLargest = function(nums, k) {
return nums.sort(function(a,b) { return b-a })[k-1];
};
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您可以使用以下算法有效地找到 k th 个最大值:
总时间复杂度= O(k +(n-k)* logk)
function heapify(arr, i = 0, value = arr[i]) {
while (true) {
let j = i*2+1;
if (j+1 < arr.length && arr[j] > arr[j+1]) j++; // Choose child with least value
if (j >= arr.length || value <= arr[j]) break;
arr[i] = arr[j];
i = j;
}
arr[i] = value;
}
function buildHeap(arr) {
for (let i = (arr.length-1) >> 1; i >= 0; i--) heapify(arr, i);
return arr;
}
function findKthLargest(nums, k) {
const heap = buildHeap(nums.slice(0, k));
for (let i = k; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (nums[i] > heap[0]) heapify(heap, 0, nums[i]);
}
return heap[0];
}
const nums = [...Array(5000).keys()]; // The array in the question
console.log(findKthLargest(nums, 5000)); // 0
我创建了this jsPerf test来比较问题本身提供的解决方案的性能(最慢); sort
-based solution和此基于堆的解决方案(最快)。该测试获得了10000个值的输入,这些值未排序(但是确定性的),并且为 k 的4个值(1、500、9500、10000)调用了该函数。
说句公道话,sort
在较小的数组以及 k 相对接近 n 的情况下,将优于堆解决方案,例如{{1} }是一种本机方法,而JS不提供本机堆实现。但是在某个时候(数组大小较大且 k 相对较小),对整个数组进行排序的成本将变得不利。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
使用最大堆的解决方案
时间复杂度:O(n + k*log(n))
var findKthLargest = function(nums, k) {
buildHeap(nums);
let max;
//extract k elements from max heap
for (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {
max = nums[0];
nums[0] = nums[nums.length - 1];
nums.length--;
heapify(nums, 0); // rebuild heap
}
return max;
};
function buildHeap(nums) {
let n = nums.length;
let indexOfFirstNonLeaf = Math.floor(n / 2) - 1;
while (indexOfFirstNonLeaf >= 0) {
heapify(nums, indexOfFirstNonLeaf)
indexOfFirstNonLeaf--;
}
}
function heapify(nums, i) {
let left = (2 * i) + 1;
let right = (2 * i) + 2;
let largest = i;
if (left < nums.length && nums[left] > nums[largest]) {
largest = left;
}
if (right < nums.length && nums[right] > nums[largest]) {
largest = right;
}
if (largest !== i) {
swap(nums, i, largest);
heapify(nums, largest)
}
}
function swap(nums, a, b) {
let temp = nums[a];
nums[a] = nums[b];
nums[b] = temp;
}