最近,我一直在编写代码,并在此错误上停留了几天。 基本上,程序会计算您每天必须吃多少卡路里。我必须从一个条目中获取输入,但我不知道如何将该输入(默认情况下为字符串)转换为浮点数才能开始使用数字。 我在Tkinter中使用Python 3。
代码如下:
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.geometry("1000x500")
root.resizable(FALSE, FALSE)
root.title("BMI Calculator")
def calc(args):
def BMI_temp(args):
print(str(boyage))
BMI = IntVar()
BMI = 66.5 + (13.75 * float(boykg)) + (5.003 * float(boycm)) - (6.755 * float(boyage))
bmi_temp = Label(root, text="This is how many calories you have to eat if you have a non-active life: " + str(float(BMI)))
bmi_temp.grid(row=3, sticky=W)
def boy_age_fnct(args):
boy_age_entry.focus_set()
boy_cm_entry.delete(0, "end")
boy_age.grid(row=2, sticky=W)
boy_age_entry.grid(row=2, column=1)
boy_age_entry.bind("<Return>", BMI_temp)
def boy_cm_fnct(args):
boy_cm_entry.focus_set()
boy_kg_entry.delete(0, "end")
boy_cm.grid(row=1, sticky=W)
boy_cm_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
boy_cm_entry.bind("<Return>", boy_age_fnct)
boy_kg_entry.focus_set()
temp = boygirle.get()
gender = temp.title()
welcome.destroy()
hello_lbl.destroy()
boygirle.destroy()
boygirlq.destroy()
if gender[0] == 'B':
boy_kg.grid(row=0, sticky=W)
boy_kg_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
boy_kg_entry.bind("<Return>", boy_cm_fnct)
boyage = boy_age_entry.get()
boycm = boy_cm_entry.get()
boykg = boy_kg_entry.get()
def hello(args):
name_user = name_entry.get()
name2 = name_user.title()
name_entry.delete(0, "end")
hello = "Hello " + name2 + "!"
hello_lbl["text"] = hello
hello_lbl.grid(row=2, sticky=W)
btn_cont.grid(row=3, sticky=W)
name.destroy()
name_entry.destroy()
btn_cont.focus_set()
def BMI():
btn_cont.destroy()
boygirlq.grid(row=3, sticky=W)
boygirle.grid(row=3, column=0, ipadx=35)
boygirle.bind("<Return>", calc)
boygirle.focus_set()
welcome = Label(root, text="Hello! This is a BMR calculator. It tells you how many calories you have to eat!", font="System 14 bold")
name = Label(root, text="Please enter your name:", font="System 12")
hello_lbl = Label(root, font="System 14")
boygirlq = Label(root, text="Are you a boy or a girl?", font="System 12 bold")
boy_kg = Label(root, text="Please enter your weight(in kg):", font="System 12 bold")
boy_cm = Label(root, text="Please enter your height(in cm):", font="System 12")
boy_age = Label(root, text="Please enter your age(in years):", font="System 12")
btn_cont = Button(root, text="Continue", font="Helvetica 12", command=BMI, relief=RAISED)
boy_kg_entry = Entry(root, font="System 12", relief=SUNKEN)
boy_cm_entry = Entry(root, font="System 12", relief=SUNKEN)
boy_age_entry = Entry(root, font="System 12", relief=SUNKEN)
name_entry = Entry(root, font="System 12", relief=SUNKEN)
boygirle = Entry(root, font="System 12", relief=SUNKEN)
name_entry.bind("<Return>", hello)
name_entry.focus_set()
welcome.grid(row=0, columnspan=2, ipadx=200)
name.grid(row=1, sticky=W)
name_entry.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()
我尝试了在互联网上找到的所有方法,但没有任何效果。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
一个float 可以由一个str构造,它只必须具有正确的格式。
您只需使用float(mystr)
就可以将看起来像浮点数的字符串转换为浮点数。
请注意:
很可能(如果您没有从错误消息中删除任何内容),您忘记填写一个字段,因此尝试执行float('')
。
>>> float('') # probably your case
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#74>", line 1, in <module>
float('')
ValueError: could not convert string to float:
>>> float('1')
1.0
>>> float('1.0')
1.0
>>> float('no number')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#64>", line 1, in <module>
float('no number')
ValueError: could not convert string to float: 'no number'
>>> float('10e30')
1e+31
>>> float('inf')
inf
>>> float('123.456')
123.456
>>> float('123,456') # , not allowed
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#68>", line 1, in <module>
float('123,456')
ValueError: could not convert string to float: '123,456'
>>> float('123 456') # no whitespace as separator
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#69>", line 1, in <module>
float('123 456')
ValueError: could not convert string to float: '123 456'
获取浮点值的另一种方法是在弹出窗口中要求它们-可以使用tkinter.simpledialog.askfloat
完成。如果输入的字符串无法转换,将直接返回float
并显示错误消息。
但是,当用户单击“取消”按钮时,它也可能返回None
,因此您可能需要在计算内容之前检查结果。
示例:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.simpledialog import askfloat
def click():
val = askfloat('Title', 'The prompt:') # float or None (cancel)
if val is not None:
tk.Label(root, text=f'The value "{val}" is a valid float').pack() # f-string, replace with `'The value "{}" is ...'.format(val)` if you get an error (Python < 3.6)
root = tk.Tk()
tk.Button(root, text='Click!', command=click).pack()
root.mainloop()
编辑:
如果保留Entry
小部件,则可能要捕获错误并向用户显示一条消息。使用tkinter.mesagebox
可以轻松完成此操作,特别是在这种情况下使用showerror
函数。
示例:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.messagebox import showerror
def click():
try:
val = float(entry.get())
except ValueError as e:
showerror('Error title', 'The number could not be converted to float:\n'+str(e))
else:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
Label(root, text=val).pack()
root = tk.Tk()
entry = tk.Entry(root)
tk.Label(root, text='insert a float value below:').pack()
entry.pack()
tk.Button(root, text='and click!', command=click).pack()
root.mainloop()