我的任务是使用运算符重载
那只是一团糟。这是我的代码：
#ifndef ASSIGNMENT6_HEAD6_H
#define ASSIGNMENT6_HEAD6_H
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Analyzer {
//Private Member
private:
int numbers;
//Public Member
public:
Analyzer();//default constructor
~Analyzer();//destructor
Analyzer operator+(const Analyzer &a) const;
friend numbers operator+();
};//end of class
#endif //ASSIGNMENT6_HEAD6_H
//Class math with overloading operator and friends
#include "head6.h"
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
vector<int> numbers;
int min = numbers[0];
int max = numbers[0];
int sizeofArray;
Analyzer::Analyzer() {
}
int getLowest(const int[], int);
//Random number member
void randNumbers(int sizeofArray, int* numbers[]) {
for (int index = 0; index < sizeofArray; index++)
{
numbers[index] = (numbers() % 499) + 100;
}return;
}
//Setters
int lowest = getLowest(numbers, sizeofArray);
int highest = getHighest(numbers, sizeofArray);
float total = getTotal(numbers);
double average = getAverage(total, sizeofArray);
//Lowest number
void getLowest(const int numbers[], int sizeofArray) {
for (int i = 0; i < sizeofArray; i++) {
if (min > numbers[i]) {
min = numbers[i];
min = lowest;
}
}
return;
}
//Highest number
void getHighest(const int numbers[], int sizeofArray) {
for (int i = 0; i < sizeofArray; i++) {
if (max > numbers[i]) {
max = numbers[i];
max = lowest;
}
}
return;
}
//Total
float getTotal(const int numbers) {
total = sum(numbers[]);
return total;
}
//Average
double getAverage(const float total, int sizeofArray) {
double average = total / sizeofArray;
return average;
}
//standard deviation
float getStandardDeviation(int sizeofArray, float numbers[])const
{
float deviation1;
for (int i = 0; i < sizeofArray; i++)
sum = (mean - numbers[i]) * (mean - numbers[i]);
deviation1 = sqrt(sum / sizeofArray - 1);
float deviation = deviation1;
return deviation;
}
string a() {
stringstream sout;
sout << "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RANDOMLY GENERATED NUMBERS" << endl;
sout << "====================================================" << endl;
sout << left << "Lowest Number:" << left << getLowest() << endl;
sout << left << "Highest Number:" << left << getHighest() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers Total:" << left << getTotal() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers Averge:" << left << getAverage() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers of Standard Deviation:" << left <<
getStandardDeviation() << endl;
return sout.a();
}
int main()
{
Analyzer a;
a + 100;
cout << a;
return 0;
}
谢谢您的帮助。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您的任务是使用运算符重载来解决问题-但是您实际上并没有在任何地方（除了operator+类的Analyzer之外没有这样做）。< / p>
阅读您的台词，我想假设您应该为每个任务编写单独的类：
class Minimum
{
std::vector<int> const& values
public:
Minimum(std::vector<int> const& values) : values(values) { }
// calculates minimum / lowest value from member:
int operator()();
};
class Maximum
{
public:
//Maximum(); not needed in this variant
// calculates maximum from parameter
int operator()(std::vector<int> const& values);
};
void test()
{
std::vector<int> values({10, 12, 7});
int min = Minimum(values)();
int max = Maximum()(values);
}
这是两种不同的模式，为了保持一致性，您应该选择一种并实现所有类。在第一种方法中，您可以从任何成员函数访问向量，而不必将其作为参数传递；在第二种方法中，您可以重用一个和相同的对象来计算多个不同向量的值（您仍然可以保持指向向量的指针，以避免通过参数传递它。）
回到您的原始代码，很遗憾，该错误满了
vector<int> numbers;
int min = numbers[0]; // vector is yet empty! undefined behaviour!
int max = numbers[0];
实际上，您可能根本不想使用全局变量，请参阅稍后...
//int sizeofArray; // use numbers.size() instead!
// not an error, but questionable: you have a std::vector already, why do you
// fall back to C-style raw arrays?
void randNumbers(int sizeofArray, int* numbers[])
// ^ array of pointers???
{
for (int index = 0; index < sizeofArray; index++)
{
numbers[index] = (numbers() % 499) + 100;
// you certainly intended to use rand function
}
// return; // just plain obsolete
}
// vector variant:
void randNumbers(unsigned int numberOfValues, std::vector<int>& destination)
// ^ not how many numbers ARE in,
// but how many SHALL be inserted
{
// assuming we want to re-use this function and guarantee that EXACTLY
// 'numberOfValues' values are contained:
destination.clear(); // there might have been some values in already...
// assure sufficently internal memory pre-allocated to prevent
// multiple re-allocations during filling the vector:
destination.reserve(numberOfValues);
while(numberOfValues--)
{
numbers.push_back(rand() * 500 / RAND_MAX + 100);
// modulus is unprecise; this calculation will give you better
// distribution
// however, rather prefer modern C++ random number generators!
// IF you use rand: assure that you call srand, too, but exactly ONCE,
// best right when entering main function
}
}
// C++ random number generator:
void randNumbers(unsigned int numberOfValues, std::vector<int>& destination)
{
static std::uniform_int_distribution<> d(100, 599);
static std::mt19937 g;
destination.clear();
destination.reserve(numberOfValues);
while(numberOfValues--)
{
numbers.push_back(d(g));
}
}
现在您有矛盾的函数声明：
int getLowest(const int[], int);
void getLowest(const int numbers[], int sizeofArray) { /* ... */ }
int lowest = getLowest(numbers, sizeofArray);
// again: the vector is yet empty!
// so you certainly won't get the result desired
// however, this won't compile at all: numbers is a std::vector,
// but parameter type is array, so you need:
int lowest = getLowest(numbers.data(), numbers.size());
// ^ replaced the redundant global as well
// move this into your main function AFTER having filled the vector!
// picking int as return value:
int getLowest(const int numbers[], unsigned int sizeofArray)
{
// you'd now have to initialize the global first; better, though:
// return a local variable:
// this assumes that there is at least one element in! check before usage
// and decide what would be the appropriate error handling if the vector
// is empty (return 0? return INT_MIN? throw an execption?)
int min = numbers[0];
for (int i = 1; i < sizeofArray; i++)
{
if (min > numbers[i])
{
min = numbers[i];
// min = lowest; // don't overwrite the minimum again!
}
}
// returning at end of void function is obsolete, don't do that explicitly
// well, with int as return value, as is NOW, you NEED to return:
return min;
}
最大程度地类似，请注意，您没有将比较从>更改为<！请注意，已经有std::min_element，std::max_element和std::minmax_element做同样的事情（如果作业未禁止这样做，您应该使用它们而不是重新发明轮子）。
// prefere double! float (on typical machines at least) has same size as int
// and it is quite likely that you will lose precision due to rounding; I
// personally would rather use int64_t instead, so you won't run into rounding
// issues even with double and you'd need quite a large amount of summands
// before overflow can occur...
float getTotal(const int numbers) // just one single number???
{
total = sum(numbers[]);
// index operator cannot be applied on a single int; additionally, you need
// to provide an argument; where is 'sum' function defined at all???
return total;
}
// prefer double again
double getStandardDeviation(int sizeofArray, float numbers[]) // const
// (free standing functions cannot be const)
{
// mean isn't declared/defined anywhere (average instead?)!
// and you need to declare and initialize the sum appropriately:
double sum = 0.0;
float deviation1;
for (int i = 0; i < sizeofArray; i++)
sum += (mean - numbers[i]) * (mean - numbers[i]);
// ^ you need to add, if you want to build sum
// why two variables, even both of same type???
deviation1 = sqrt(sum / sizeofArray - 1);
float deviation = deviation1;
return deviation;
// simplest: drop both deviation and deviation 1 and just do:
return sqrt(sum / sizeofArray - 1);
}
最后：除了重新打印输出到控制台之外，我认为您不会将结果字符串（在下面）用于其他任何事情，因此我将直接输出到std::cout（将函数命名为'print' ）;如果有的话，我会提供一个std::ostream作为参数，以使其更加灵活：
void print(std::ostream& sout)
{
sout << "STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RANDOMLY GENERATED NUMBERS" << endl;
sout << "====================================================" << endl;
sout << left << "Lowest Number:" << left << getLowest() << endl;
sout << left << "Highest Number:" << left << getHighest() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers Total:" << left << getTotal() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers Averge:" << left << getAverage() << endl;
sout << left << "Numbers of Standard Deviation:" << left
<< getStandardDeviation() << endl;
}
现在您可以将std::cout传递到std::ostringstream对象，甚至可以通过std::ofstream ...写入文件
int main()
{
Analyzer a, b, c; // b, c added by me for illustration only
a + 100;
// the operator accepts another Analyzer object, so you could do
c = a + b;
cout << a; // there's no operator<< overload for Analyzer class
// it is HERE where you'd call all your getXZY functions!
return 0;
}
答案 1 :(得分：0)
您正在传递一个指向整数数组的指针：
void randNumbers(int sizeofArray, int* numbers[])
您实际上只想将数字作为数组传递。而且由于所有数组在作为参数传递时都会降级为指针，因此您的功能很简单：
void randNumbers(int sizeofArray, int* numbers) {
for(int index = 0; index < sizeofArray; index++) {
numbers[index]= (rand() % 499) + 100;
};
}
结果是numbers中的项目将是[100..599]范围内的整数。