Question

作为输入，我有一个字典列表，如下例所示

list = [
         {"name": "John", "age": 36, "gender": "Male"},
         {"name": "Lisa", "age": 40, "gender": "Female"},
         {"name": "Mary", "age": 26, "gender": "Female"},
          ...
       ]

我想运行一个函数，使用字典中的值作为参数，并使用列表中的每个字典

def value(person_name, person_age, person_gender):
    "returns a value based on arguments"

作为输出，我需要返回该函数为每个字典计算的值的列表。例如：

[def value(John, 36, Male), def value(Lisa, 40, Female), def value(Mary, 26, Female), ...]

感谢您的帮助：）

Answer 1

您可以使用列表推导。

result = [values(p['name'], p['age'], p['gender']) for p in list]

Answer 2

kwargs在这里应该很有用，请注意，尽管函数参数的名称需要与字典的键完全匹配才能使用

list = [
         {"name": "John", "age": 36, "gender": "Male"},
         {"name": "Lisa", "age": 40, "gender": "Female"},
         {"name": "Mary", "age": 26, "gender": "Female"},
       ]

def func1(name, age, gender):
    print("1: ", name)

def func2(name, age, gender):
    print("2: ", name)

def func3(name, age, gender):
    print("3: ", name)

for d in list:
    func1(**d)
    func2(**d)
    func3(**d)

Answer 3

如果将函数参数的名称与dict的键相同，则可以简单地用**对其进行解压缩，如下例所示：

data = [
         {"name": "John", "age": 36, "gender": "Male"},
         {"name": "Lisa", "age": 40, "gender": "Female"},
         {"name": "Mary", "age": 26, "gender": "Female"}
       ]

def value(name, age, gender):
    return 'Name: {},  Age: {}, Gender: {}.'.format(name, age, gender)

[value(**i) for i in data]
#['Name: John,  Age: 36, Gender: Male.',
# 'Name: Lisa,  Age: 40, Gender: Female.',
# 'Name: Mary,  Age: 26, Gender: Female.']

Answer 4

您可以发送整个词典并将其解压缩到功能中

def value(x):
    name = x['name']
    age = x['age']
    gender = x['gender']
    # do something
    # return something 

for i in lista:            # full loop
    value(i)

[value(i) for i in lista]  # list comprehension

Answer 5

map的简单情况：

data = [
     {"name": "John", "age": 36, "gender": "Male"},
     {"name": "Lisa", "age": 40, "gender": "Female"},
     {"name": "Mary", "age": 26, "gender": "Female"},
      ...
   ]

def value(**kwargs):
    ...

result = list(map(data, value))

为词典列表中的每个词典调用一个函数

5 个答案: