Question

有一系列16个数字，可以从以下一组数字{-8，-4,0,4,8}中随机添加，但要考虑到新生成的系列不应有任何两个数字相差超过8。

我正在尝试一种高效的算法，该算法可以生成应该添加的数字集而不违反约束。

Answer 1

如果可以使用连续范围，则此问题会稍微容易一些。这是一个在Ruby中受到严重评论的实现：

# Note that generating from the set {-8, -4, 0, 4, 8} is equivalent to
# generating integers in the range -2..2 and scaling by 4.  Working with
# contiguous ranges is easier, just upscale before using or printing.

MAX_DELTA = 8 / 4   # specified maximum difference between any pair of values in scaled range
N = 16              # number of values to generate

data = []   # start with an empty array
data << rand(-2..2)   # generate first (anchor) value in rescaled range
(N - 1).times do      # generate remaining N-1 values by... 
  range_min, range_max = data.minmax    # finding min & max of current set
  # determine new range based on the current range + absolute constraints
  new_range_min = [range_max - MAX_DELTA, -2].max
  new_range_max = [range_min + MAX_DELTA,  2].min
  # generate and store new value
  data << rand(new_range_min..new_range_max)
end

# remap results to actual desired range
data.map! { |i| 4 * i }
# print results separated by commas.
puts data.join(', ')

这将产生如下输出：

4, -4, -4, 4, -4, 4, 0, 0, -4, -4, -4, 0, 0, 4, 4, -4

或

4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 4, 4, 4, 0, 4, 8, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0

Answer 2

此方面的内容：

const numbers = [-8, -4, 0 , 4, 8];

function getRandomNumber() {
    return numbers[Math.floor(Math.random() * numbers.length)]
}

function difference(a, b) {
    return Math.abs(a - b);
}

function calculateNewArray() {
    const values = [];

    while (values.length < 16) {
        const random = getRandomNumber();

        // add any number the first iteration
        if (values.length === 0) values.push(random);

        if (difference(values[values.length -1], random) < 9) {
            values.push(random)
        }
    }

    return values;
}

calculateNewArray()
// [0, 0, 4, -4, 0, -4, 4, -4, 0, -4, -4, -4, -4, -8, -8, -4]

我根本没有测试它，感谢任何反馈。

用于向数组中添加或减去随机数的算法，以使任何数字的相差不超过8

2 个答案: