我的应用程序使用的服务器返回如下所示的JSON:
{
"result":"OK",
"data":{
// Common to all URLs
"user": {
"name":"John Smith" // ETC...
},
// Different for each URL
"data_for_this_url":0
}
}
如您所见,特定于URL的信息与普通user
字典存在于同一个字典中。
目标:
user
很常见,所以我希望它在顶级类/结构中。data
信息和子对象的信息中重新创建user
字典)问题:
重新编码数据时,我无法将user
字典(来自顶级对象)和特定于URL的数据(来自子对象)写入编码器。
user
覆盖其他数据,或其他数据覆盖user
。我不知道如何将它们结合起来。
这是我到目前为止所拥有的:
// MARK: - Common User
struct User: Codable {
var name: String?
}
// MARK: - Abstract Response
struct ApiResponse<DataType: Codable>: Codable {
// MARK: Properties
var result: String
var user: User?
var data: DataType?
// MARK: Coding Keys
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case result, data
}
enum DataDictKeys: String, CodingKey {
case user
}
// MARK: Decodable
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let baseContainer = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
self.result = try baseContainer.decode(String.self, forKey: .result)
self.data = try baseContainer.decodeIfPresent(DataType.self, forKey: .data)
let dataContainer = try baseContainer.nestedContainer(keyedBy: DataDictKeys.self, forKey: .data)
self.user = try dataContainer.decodeIfPresent(User.self, forKey: .user)
}
// MARK: Encodable
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var baseContainer = encoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
try baseContainer.encode(self.result, forKey: .result)
// MARK: - PROBLEM!!
// This is overwritten
try baseContainer.encodeIfPresent(self.data, forKey: .data)
// This overwrites the previous statement
var dataContainer = baseContainer.nestedContainer(keyedBy: DataDictKeys.self, forKey: .data)
try dataContainer.encodeIfPresent(self.user, forKey: .user)
}
}
示例:
在下面的示例中,重新编码的plist不包含order_count
,因为它被包含user
的字典覆盖。
// MARK: - Concrete Response
typealias OrderDataResponse = ApiResponse<OrderData>
struct OrderData: Codable {
var orderCount: Int = 0
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case orderCount = "order_count"
}
}
let orderDataResponseJson = """
{
"result":"OK",
"data":{
"user":{
"name":"John"
},
"order_count":10
}
}
"""
// MARK: - Decode from JSON
let jsonData = orderDataResponseJson.data(using: .utf8)!
let response = try JSONDecoder().decode(OrderDataResponse.self, from: jsonData)
// MARK: - Encode to PropertyList
let plistEncoder = PropertyListEncoder()
plistEncoder.outputFormat = .xml
let plistData = try plistEncoder.encode(response)
let plistString = String(data: plistData, encoding: .utf8)!
print(plistString)
// 'order_count' is not included in 'data'!
/*
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>data</key>
<dict>
<key>user</key>
<dict>
<key>name</key>
<string>John</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>result</key>
<string>OK</string>
</dict>
</plist>
*/
答案 0 :(得分:3)
在查看编码器协议时,我刚才有了一个顿悟。
KeyedEncodingContainerProtocol.superEncoder(forKey:)
方法适用于这种情况。
此方法返回一个单独的Encoder
,它可以收集多个项目和/或嵌套容器,然后将它们编码为一个密钥。
对于这种特定情况,只需使用新的user
调用自己的encode(to:)
方法,即可对顶级superEncoder
数据进行编码。然后,也可以使用编码器创建嵌套容器,以便正常使用。
问题解决方案
// MARK: - Encodable
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var baseContainer = encoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
try baseContainer.encode(self.result, forKey: .result)
// MARK: - PROBLEM!!
// // This is overwritten
// try baseContainer.encodeIfPresent(self.data, forKey: .data)
//
// // This overwrites the previous statement
// var dataContainer = baseContainer.nestedContainer(keyedBy: DataDictKeys.self, forKey: .data)
// try dataContainer.encodeIfPresent(self.user, forKey: .user)
// MARK: - Solution
// Create a new Encoder instance to combine data from separate sources.
let dataEncoder = baseContainer.superEncoder(forKey: .data)
// Use the Encoder directly:
try self.data?.encode(to: dataEncoder)
// Create containers for manually encoding, as usual:
var userContainer = dataEncoder.container(keyedBy: DataDictKeys.self)
try userContainer.encodeIfPresent(self.user, forKey: .user)
}
输出:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>data</key>
<dict>
<key>order_count</key>
<integer>10</integer>
<key>user</key>
<dict>
<key>name</key>
<string>John</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>result</key>
<string>OK</string>
</dict>
</plist>
答案 1 :(得分:-2)
很棒的问题和解决方案,但如果你想简化它,你可以使用KeyedCodable我写的。您的Codable的整个实现看起来就像那样(OrderData和User当然保持不变):
struct ApiResponse<DataType: Codable>: Codable, Keyedable {
// MARK: Properties
var result: String!
var user: User?
var data: DataType?
mutating func map(map: KeyMap) throws {
try result <-> map["result"]
try user <-> map["data.user"]
try data <-> map["data"]
}
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
try KeyedDecoder(with: decoder).decode(to: &self)
}
}