我正在尝试实现字段级别的自定义解码,以便可以提供解码器功能来映射值。最初旨在解决将“ Y”和“ N”的字符串值自动转换为true / false的问题。我有没有那么繁琐的方法?
这原本打算用于大小相当不错的唱片中的单个字段...但是有些失控了。
主要目标是不必手动实现对每个信号的解码 字段,但要枚举它们,并将默认解码器的结果用于没有自定义解码器的任何内容(可能不应称为“解码器”)。
当前尝试如下所示:
class Foo: Decodable {
var bar: String
var baz: String
init(foo: String) {
self.bar = foo
self.baz = ""
}
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case bar
case baz
}
static func customDecoder(for key: CodingKey) -> ((String) -> Any)? {
switch key {
case CodingKeys.baz: return { return $0 == "meow" ? "foo" : "bar" }
default:
return nil
}
}
required init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let values: KeyedDecodingContainer = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
if let cde = Foo.customDecoder(for: CodingKeys.bar) {
self.bar = (try cde(values.decode(String.self, forKey: .bar)) as? String)!
} else {
self.bar = try values.decode(type(of: self.bar), forKey: .bar)
}
if let cde = Foo.customDecoder(for: CodingKeys.baz) {
self.baz = (try cde(values.decode(String.self, forKey: .baz)) as? String)!
} else {
self.baz = try values.decode(type(of: self.baz), forKey: .baz)
}
}
}
使用示例:
func testFoo() {
var foo: Foo?
let jsonData = """
{"bar": "foo", "baz": "meow"}
""".data(using: .utf8)
if let data = jsonData {
foo = try? JSONDecoder().decode(Foo.self, from: data)
if let bar = foo {
XCTAssertEqual(bar.bar, "foo")
} else {
XCTFail("bar is not foo")
}
} else {
XCTFail("Could not coerce string into JSON")
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
例如,我们有一个示例json:
let json = """
{
"id": 1,
"title": "Title",
"thumbnail": "https://www.sample-videos.com/img/Sample-jpg-image-500kb.jpg",
"date": "2014-07-15"
}
""".data(using: .utf8)!
如果要解析,可以使用Codable协议和简单的NewsCodable结构:
public struct NewsCodable: Codable {
public let id: Int
public let title: String
public let thumbnail: PercentEncodedUrl
public let date: MyDate
}
PercentEncodedUrl是我们为URL定制的Codable包装器,它为url字符串添加了百分比编码。标准网址不支持该功能。
public struct PercentEncodedUrl: Codable {
public let url: URL
public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let urlString = try decoder.singleValueContainer().decode(String.self)
guard
let encodedUrlString = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlFragmentAllowed),
let url = URL.init(string: encodedUrlString) else {
throw PercentEncodedUrlError.url(urlString)
}
self.url = url
}
public enum PercentEncodedUrlError: Error {
case url(String)
}
}
如果出于某些奇怪的原因,我们需要为日期字符串(Date decoding has plenty of support in JSONDecoder)自定义解码器,则可以提供类似PercentEncodedUrl的包装器。
public struct MyDate: Codable {
public let date: Date
public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let dateString = try decoder.singleValueContainer().decode(String.self)
let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
dateFormatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd"
guard let date = dateFormatter.date(from: dateString) else {
throw MyDateError.date(dateString)
}
self.date = date
}
public enum MyDateError: Error {
case date(String)
}
}
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
let news = try! decoder.decode(NewsCodable.self, from: json)
因此,我们提供了场级自定义解码器。