有向图中的最大简单周期

时间:2017-12-18 15:33:19

标签: python algorithm graph

图表中的最大简单周期(产品)

您好,

我构建了一个有向图G =(v,e),我希望在这个图中找到最大的简单周期,其中边权重乘以而不是相加。我这样做的初始方法是构造一个新的图,G =(v,e'),其中e'(i,j)= 1 / e(i,j)/ min(e' ),然后在此图表上应用Floyd-Warshall以查找所有最短路径。我的想法是,在反转图形之后,最大路径将变为最小值,并且如果我们除以最小值,则所有边缘权重将为“正”" (> = 1,因为我们相乘而不是添加)。然而,当我运行算法时(我的Python代码在下面),它似乎不起作用,我想知道它是否因为我的算法根本无法工作或者它是否能够工作。因为我的代码中有错误。

#construct G' = (V,dist) for our modified Floyd-Warshall algorithm
# edge weights are initially the inverse of w(u,v). They are then all divided
# by the minimum value to ensure all are >= 1
dist = {}
nxt = {}
minimum = float("inf")
for i in e:
    dist[i] = {}
    nxt[i] = {}
    for j in e[i]:
        dist[i][j] = 1/e[i][j]
        nxt[i][j] = j
        if dist[i][j] < minimum:
            minimum = dist[i][j]

for i in dist:
    for j in dist[i]:
        dist[i][j] /= minimum

# Perform Floyd-Warshall
for k in v:
    for i in v:
        for j in v:
            try:
                one = dist[i][j]
                two = dist[i][k]
                three = dist[k][j]
            except KeyError:
                continue

            if one > two * three:
                dist[i][j] = two * three
                nxt[i][j] = nxt[i][k]

# Find the shortest cycle using shortest paths
minimum = float("inf")
for i in v:
    for j in v:
        if i == j:
            continue
        try:
            one = dist[i][j]
            two = dist[j][i]
        except KeyError:
            continue

        if one * two < minimum:
            minimum = one * two
            pair = [i,j]

def Path(u,v):
    if nxt[u][v] == None:
        return []
    path = [u]
    while u != v:
        u = nxt[u][v]
        path.append(u)
    return path

# Format the cycle for output
p1 = Path(pair[0],pair[1])
p2 = Path(pair[1],pair[0])
p = p1 + p2[1:]
print(p)

# Find the total value of the cycle
value = 1
for i in range(len(p)-1):
    value *= e[p[i]][p[i+1]]

print('The above cycle has a %f%% weight.'  % ((value-1)*100))

我用图G =(V,E)测试了上面的例子,其中

V = {a,b,c,d}, and 
E = {
    (a,b): 1/0.00005718 * 0.9975, 
    (a,c): 1/0.03708270 * 0.9975,
    (a,d): 18590.00000016 * 0.9975, 
    (b,a): 0.00010711 * 0.9975,
    (b,c): 0.00386491 * 0.9975, 
    (c,a): 0.03700994 * 0.9975,
    (c,b): 1/18590.00000017 * 0.9975,
    (c,d): 688.30000000 * 0.9975,
    (d,a): 1/18590.00000017 * 0.9975,
    (d,c): 1/688.30000000 * 0.9975
}

上图的输出结果是周期[a,d,a]最好,权重为86.385309%。但是,正如我们所看到的,周期[a,b,c,a]的权重为148.286055%,这要好得多,这让我相信我的算法错误或者我在某处出错。

非常感谢任何建议!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

我认为问题不是实现而是算法。实际上,请使用以下四个顶点a,b,c和d以及以下边缘:

W(A,B)= 10/3

W(B,C)= 10

W(C,d)= 5

W(d,A)= 10/3

W(d,B)= 5

然后,您的算法将返回有向循环(b,c,d,b),而最佳解是(a,b,c,d,a)。

此外,您还应该知道您的问题可能是NP完全的,因为Longest Path problem是NP完全的(即使Shortest Path problem是多项式可解的),所以只有一些希望对你的问题有一个如此简单的算法。