使用Python以对数刻度绘制直方图

Question

您好，我有这段代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import math
import numpy as np

a = np.array([2.79e-06,2.47e-06,0.000122,3.9e-05,0.000527,9.41e-06,3.11e-05,4.63e-05,0.000749,0.000499,0.000174,0.000984,0.000912,5.86e-05,0.000344,0.000754,0.000267,2.53e-06,8.73e-05,0.000791,1.69e-06,7.56e-05,0.001,3.1e-06,0.000305,2.4e-06,6.37e-06,3.25e-07,6.67e-05,0.000167,0.000954,2.36e-07,3.8e-06,0.000337,8.1e-06,1.68e-05,0.000332,3.64e-06,2e-05,5.97e-06,0.000808,2.34e-06,0.000121,0.000972,2.59e-05,0.000761,8.76e-05,0.000253,0.000819,7.88e-06,5.04e-05,1.75e-05,5.83e-05,0.000271,3.18e-06,3.29e-05,0.000979,0.000925,2.55e-05,0.000347,0.000269,9.51e-06,5.54e-06,7.18e-05,1.44e-05,8.42e-09,1.86e-05,0.000377,1.68e-05,0.000991,4.69e-06,9.87e-05,4.45e-05,4.05e-06,6.76e-05,5.66e-06,6.51e-06,3.76e-06,6.44e-05,2.91e-09,0.000565,9.18e-06,0.0003,0.0002,9.43e-05,8.57e-06,6.32e-05,4e-06,5.18e-06,0.000181,0.000999,1.67e-05,0.000941,6.49e-05,0.000141,4.07e-06,2.68e-06,0.000407,1.47e-05,5.2e-06,6.53e-06,0.000462,1.38e-05,0.000794,3.32e-07,2.19e-06,0.000432,0.000156])


plt.clf()
plt.hist(a)
plt.xscale('log')
plt.title('Histogram of a')
plt.savefig('a.png')

但是当我看到直方图时，我不明白我得到了这张照片：

但这并不好，因为不同箱子的长度不等于！

你能帮我吗？

非常感谢你！

编辑：

这是Florian的新代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import math
import numpy as np

a = np.array([2.79e-06,2.47e-06,0.000122,3.9e-05,0.000527,9.41e-06,3.11e-05,4.63e-05,0.000749,0.000499,0.000174,0.000984,0.000912,5.86e-05,0.000344,0.000754,0.000267,2.53e-06,8.73e-05,0.000791,1.69e-06,7.56e-05,0.001,3.1e-06,0.000305,2.4e-06,6.37e-06,3.25e-07,6.67e-05,0.000167,0.000954,2.36e-07,3.8e-06,0.000337,8.1e-06,1.68e-05,0.000332,3.64e-06,2e-05,5.97e-06,0.000808,2.34e-06,0.000121,0.000972,2.59e-05,0.000761,8.76e-05,0.000253,0.000819,7.88e-06,5.04e-05,1.75e-05,5.83e-05,0.000271,3.18e-06,3.29e-05,0.000979,0.000925,2.55e-05,0.000347,0.000269,9.51e-06,5.54e-06,7.18e-05,1.44e-05,8.42e-09,1.86e-05,0.000377,1.68e-05,0.000991,4.69e-06,9.87e-05,4.45e-05,4.05e-06,6.76e-05,5.66e-06,6.51e-06,3.76e-06,6.44e-05,2.91e-09,0.000565,9.18e-06,0.0003,0.0002,9.43e-05,8.57e-06,6.32e-05,4e-06,5.18e-06,0.000181,0.000999,1.67e-05,0.000941,6.49e-05,0.000141,4.07e-06,2.68e-06,0.000407,1.47e-05,5.2e-06,6.53e-06,0.000462,1.38e-05,0.000794,3.32e-07,2.19e-06,0.000432,0.000156])


plt.clf()
plt.hist(a, bins=np.logspace(a.min(), a.max(), 50))
plt.xscale('log')
plt.title('Histogram of a')
plt.savefig('a.png')

这就是我得到的：

Histogram of a

Answer 1

你使用的是对数刻度，这就是为什么有些箱子看起来更大的原因。但是，如果从代码中删除plt.xscale('log')，它们的大小实际上相同。

如果您需要保持对数比例，则为箱子创建自己的自定义比例。 请查看此处的文档 https://matplotlib.org/devdocs/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.hist.html

弗洛里安