如何使用AST python模块从中缀转换为后缀/前缀?

时间:2017-03-04 00:13:50

标签: python python-3.x abstract-syntax-tree postfix-notation infix-notation

我正在尝试使用AST python模块将python数学表达式转换为postfix表示法。这是我到目前为止所得到的:

import parser
import ast
from math import sin, cos, tan

formulas = [
    "1+2",
    "1+2*3",
    "1/2",
    "(1+2)*3",
    "sin(x)*x**2",
    "cos(x)",
    "True and False",
    "sin(w*time)"
]


class v(ast.NodeVisitor):

    def __init__(self):
        self.tokens = []

    def f_continue(self, node):
        super(v, self).generic_visit(node)

    def visit_Add(self, node):
        self.tokens.append('+')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_And(self, node):
        self.tokens.append('&&')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_BinOp(self, node):
        # print('visit_BinOp')
        # for child in ast.iter_fields(node):
            # print('  child %s ' % str(child))

        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_BoolOp(self, node):
        # print('visit_BoolOp')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Call(self, node):
        # print('visit_Call')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Div(self, node):
        self.tokens.append('/')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Expr(self, node):
        # print('visit_Expr')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Import(self, stmt_import):
        for alias in stmt_import.names:
            print('import name "%s"' % alias.name)
            print('import object %s' % alias)
        self.f_continue(stmt_import)

    def visit_Load(self, node):
        # print('visit_Load')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Module(self, node):
        # print('visit_Module')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Mult(self, node):
        self.tokens.append('*')
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Name(self, node):
        self.tokens.append(node.id)
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_NameConstant(self, node):
        self.tokens.append(node.value)
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Num(self, node):
        self.tokens.append(node.n)
        self.f_continue(node)

    def visit_Pow(self, node):
        self.tokens.append('pow')
        self.f_continue(node)

for index, f in enumerate(formulas):
    print('{} - {:*^76}'.format(index, f))
    visitor = v()
    visitor.visit(ast.parse(f))
    print(visitor.tokens)
    print()


# 0 - ************************************1+2*************************************
# [1, '+', 2]

# 1 - ***********************************1+2*3************************************
# [1, '+', 2, '*', 3]

# 2 - ************************************1/2*************************************
# [1, '/', 2]

# 3 - **********************************(1+2)*3***********************************
# [1, '+', 2, '*', 3]

# 4 - ********************************sin(x)*x**2*********************************
# ['sin', 'x', '*', 'x', 'pow', 2]

# 5 - ***********************************cos(x)***********************************
# ['cos', 'x']

# 6 - *******************************True and False*******************************
# ['&&', True, False]

# 7 - ********************************sin(w*time)*********************************
# ['sin', 'w', '*', 'time']

我正在尝试理解如何将复杂的中缀数学表达式转换为后缀表达式以发送到swig c包装器,为此我正在尝试使用AST模块。

有人可以在这里提出建议吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您可以使用ast.dump获取有关节点和AST结构的更多信息:

visit_BinOp

通过以上信息,您可以更改节点子节点的访问顺序,以便您生成后缀或前缀表达式。为了生成后缀表达式更改visit_BoolOpvisit_Calldef visit_BinOp(self, node): self.visit(node.left) self.visit(node.right) self.visit(node.op) def visit_BoolOp(self, node): for val in node.values: self.visit(val) self.visit(node.op) def visit_Call(self, node): for arg in node.args: self.visit(arg) self.visit(node.func) ,以便在访问运算符/函数之前访问参数:

0 - ************************************1+2*************************************

[1, 2, '+']

1 - ***********************************1+2*3************************************

[1, 2, 3, '*', '+']

2 - ************************************1/2*************************************

[1, 2, '/']

3 - **********************************(1+2)*3***********************************

[1, 2, '+', 3, '*']

4 - ********************************sin(x)*x**2*********************************

['x', 'sin', 'x', 2, 'pow', '*']

5 - ***********************************cos(x)***********************************

['x', 'cos']

6 - *******************************True and False*******************************

[True, False, '&&']

7 - ********************************sin(w*time)*********************************

['w', 'time', '*', 'sin']

通过以上更改,您将获得以下输出:

def visit_BinOp(self, node):
    self.visit(node.op)
    self.visit(node.left)
    self.visit(node.right)

def visit_BoolOp(self, node):
    self.visit(node.op)
    for val in node.values:
        self.visit(val)

def visit_Call(self, node):
    self.visit(node.func)
    for arg in node.args:
        self.visit(arg)

如果你想要前缀表达式而只是交换顺序,那么首先访问operator / function:

0 - ************************************1+2*************************************

['+', 1, 2]

1 - ***********************************1+2*3************************************

['+', 1, '*', 2, 3]

2 - ************************************1/2*************************************

['/', 1, 2]

3 - **********************************(1+2)*3***********************************

['*', '+', 1, 2, 3]

4 - ********************************sin(x)*x**2*********************************

['*', 'sin', 'x', 'pow', 'x', 2]

5 - ***********************************cos(x)***********************************

['cos', 'x']

6 - *******************************True and False*******************************

['&&', True, False]

7 - ********************************sin(w*time)*********************************

['sin', '*', 'w', 'time']

输出:

{{1}}