如何在GNU Assembly中传递数据列表作为参数?

时间:2017-03-03 21:37:27

标签: linux assembly gnu gas

我的代码的数据部分有3个不同的列表。我打算编写一个函数来查找这些列表的最大数量,无论用户想要使用哪个。如何正确地将所需列表的地址传递给函数?以及如何使用索引从列表中获取值?我不知道在我作为参数获得的地址上索引寻址的正确语法。我在Google上找不到任何有用的东西。

以下是代码:

maxfunc.s

# NAME:     maxfunc.s
# PURPOSE:  A modular approach of finding the maximum of lists

    .section .data
    # The data section has three lists for testing, change the code
    # highlighted in the text section to change the list passed.
data_1:
    .long 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0
data_2:
    .long 23, 45, 62, 13, 87, 54, 0
data_3:
    .long 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 7, 6, 5, 8, 1, 1, 0

# VARIABLES:
# 1. %edi - Will be our index variable, to access the items
# 2. %ebx - The element we're looking at currently
# 3. %eax - The maximum value we've found so far
# 4. %ecx - To store the address of the list


    .section .text
    # Push the address of the list we want to find the maximum of
    pushl   data_1
    #            ^
    #            +---> Change this to select your list

    call    maximum
    addl    $4, %esp    # Reset the stack

    movl    %eax, %ebx
    movl    $1, %eax
    int     $0x80

    .type   maximum, @function
maximum:
    # Setup
    popl    %ebp
    movl    %esp, %ebp

    # The initial setup:
    # Get the address of the list
    # Set the index to 0
    # Get the first item from the list
    # The first item is currently the largest
    movl    $0, %edi
    movl    8(%ebp), %ecx
    movl    (%ecx)(, %edi, 4), %ebx
    movl    %ebx, %eax

max_loop:
    cmpl    $0, %ebx
    je      exit_loop

    incl    %edi
    movl    (%ecx)(, %edi, 4), %ebx

    cmpl    %eax, %ebx
    jle     max_loop

    # %ebx is greater than %eax, therefore, update max
    movl    %ebx, %eax
    jmp     max_loop

exit_loop:
    # Tear down
    movl    %ebp, %esp
    popl    %ebp
    ret

它不编译并显示以下错误:

maxfunc.s: Assembler messages:
maxfunc.s:47: Error: register value used as expression
maxfunc.s:55: Error: register value used as expression

从寄存器%ecx获取数据列表的地址以用于索引寻址的正确方法是什么?或参数?

我的系统是64位,但我正在将其编译为32位二进制文​​件(为了符合this book

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

索引寻址模式类似于movq data_set(,%rbx,8), %rax

语法类似于INSTRUCTION CONST(BASE_ADDR_REG,INDEX_REG,MULTIPLIER

您可以像我的示例中那样省略基址寄存器。我省略它的原因是因为我的程序中的数据地址没有变化,所以我使用了它的直接值。

其中data_set是基地址(用作常量),%rbx是索引,8是乘数...在我的情况下是8个字节,因为我正在迭代四字值。

如果我像你一样迭代long值,我会使用4作为我的乘数,因为x86上的long通常是4个字节(32位)。

示例最大函数

.section .data
    data_set: .quad 8, 1, 98, 18, 18, 12, 18, 19, 27, 32, 9, 12, 18, 92, 255, 0

.section .text
.globl _start


# rbx, data index
# rdi, current max
# rax, current data
_start:
    movq $0, %rbx # init index reg
    movq data_set(,%rbx,8), %rax
    movq %rax, %rdi

loop:   
    cmpq $0, %rax # check if end
    je exit
    incq %rbx
    movq data_set(,%rbx,8), %rax
    cmpq %rdi, %rax
    jle loop

    movq %rax, %rdi
    jmp loop

exit:
    movq $60, %rax
    syscall