我已成功完成了我需要做的所有事情，以便绘制CDF（通用数据格式，而不是累积分布函数）文件并使一切都很棒。但是当我输入plt.show（）时，我会继续这样做：
RuntimeError Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/IPython/core/formatters.py in __call__(self, obj)
305 pass
306 else:
--> 307 return printer(obj)
308 # Finally look for special method names
309 method = get_real_method(obj, self.print_method)
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.py in <lambda>(fig)
238
239 if 'png' in formats:
--> 240 png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs))
241 if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats:
242 png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs))
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.py in print_figure(fig, fmt, bbox_inches, **kwargs)
122
123 bytes_io = BytesIO()
--> 124 fig.canvas.print_figure(bytes_io, **kw)
125 data = bytes_io.getvalue()
126 if fmt == 'svg':
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backend_bases.py in print_figure(self, filename, dpi, facecolor, edgecolor, orientation, format, **kwargs)
2190 orientation=orientation,
2191 dryrun=True,
-> 2192 **kwargs)
2193 renderer = self.figure._cachedRenderer
2194 bbox_inches = self.figure.get_tightbbox(renderer)
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py in print_png(self, filename_or_obj, *args, **kwargs)
543
544 def print_png(self, filename_or_obj, *args, **kwargs):
--> 545 FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
546 renderer = self.get_renderer()
547 original_dpi = renderer.dpi
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py in draw(self)
462
463 try:
--> 464 self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
465 finally:
466 RendererAgg.lock.release()
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
61 def draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs):
62 before(artist, renderer)
---> 63 draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
64 after(artist, renderer)
65
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/figure.py in draw(self, renderer)
1141
1142 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(
-> 1143 renderer, self, dsu, self.suppressComposite)
1144
1145 renderer.close_group('figure')
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, dsu, suppress_composite)
137 if not_composite or not has_images:
138 for zorder, a in dsu:
--> 139 a.draw(renderer)
140 else:
141 # Composite any adjacent images together
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
61 def draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs):
62 before(artist, renderer)
---> 63 draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
64 after(artist, renderer)
65
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py in draw(self, renderer, inframe)
2407 renderer.stop_rasterizing()
2408
-> 2409 mimage._draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, self, dsu)
2410
2411 renderer.close_group('axes')
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/image.py in _draw_list_compositing_images(renderer, parent, dsu, suppress_composite)
137 if not_composite or not has_images:
138 for zorder, a in dsu:
--> 139 a.draw(renderer)
140 else:
141 # Composite any adjacent images together
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/artist.py in draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
61 def draw_wrapper(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs):
62 before(artist, renderer)
---> 63 draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
64 after(artist, renderer)
65
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py in draw(self, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
1136 ticks_to_draw = self._update_ticks(renderer)
1137 ticklabelBoxes, ticklabelBoxes2 = self._get_tick_bboxes(ticks_to_draw,
-> 1138 renderer)
1139
1140 for tick in ticks_to_draw:
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/axis.py in _get_tick_bboxes(self, ticks, renderer)
1076 for tick in ticks:
1077 if tick.label1On and tick.label1.get_visible():
-> 1078 extent = tick.label1.get_window_extent(renderer)
1079 ticklabelBoxes.append(extent)
1080 if tick.label2On and tick.label2.get_visible():
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py in get_window_extent(self, renderer, dpi)
965 raise RuntimeError('Cannot get window extent w/o renderer')
966
--> 967 bbox, info, descent = self._get_layout(self._renderer)
968 x, y = self.get_unitless_position()
969 x, y = self.get_transform().transform_point((x, y))
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/text.py in _get_layout(self, renderer)
351 tmp, lp_h, lp_bl = renderer.get_text_width_height_descent('lp',
352 self._fontproperties,
--> 353 ismath=False)
354 offsety = (lp_h - lp_bl) * self._linespacing
355
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_agg.py in get_text_width_height_descent(self, s, prop, ismath)
228 fontsize = prop.get_size_in_points()
229 w, h, d = texmanager.get_text_width_height_descent(s, fontsize,
--> 230 renderer=self)
231 return w, h, d
232
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py in get_text_width_height_descent(self, tex, fontsize, renderer)
674 else:
675 # use dviread. It sometimes returns a wrong descent.
--> 676 dvifile = self.make_dvi(tex, fontsize)
677 dvi = dviread.Dvi(dvifile, 72 * dpi_fraction)
678 try:
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/texmanager.py in make_dvi(self, tex, fontsize)
421 'string:\n%s\nHere is the full report generated by '
422 'LaTeX: \n\n' % repr(tex.encode('unicode_escape')) +
--> 423 report))
424 else:
425 mpl.verbose.report(report, 'debug')
RuntimeError: LaTeX was not able to process the following string:
b'lp'
Here is the full report generated by LaTeX:
我不知道如何解决这个问题，也无法在互联网上找到解决方案，我正在考虑我尚未安装的东西。如果有帮助，请告知我运行Ubuntu 16.04 LTS。
尊敬， 一个
以下完整代码：
import spacepy as sp
from spacepy import pycdf
from pylab import *
from spacepy.toolbox import windowMean, normalize
from spacepy.plot.utils import annotate_xaxis
import pylab
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.cm as cm
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm
from matplotlib.ticker import LogLocator
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter
from matplotlib.dates import DayLocator, HourLocator, MinuteLocator
from matplotlib import rc, rcParams
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
import datetime as dt
import bisect as bi
import seaborn as sea
import sys
import os
import multilabel as ml
import pandas as pd
sea.set_context('poster')
# sea.set_style('ticks',{'axes.facecolor':'yellow'})
sea.set_style('whitegrid')
sea.set_palette('muted',color_codes=True)
rc('text', usetex=True)
rc('font', family='Mono')
rcParams['text.latex.preamble']=[r'/usepackage{amsmath}']
MMS_1_HPCA_SURVEY_ION = pycdf.CDF(r'/home/ary/Desktop/Arya/Project/Data/MMS/1/HPCA/Survey/Ion/mms1_hpca_srvy_l2_ion_20151025120000_v1.0.0.cdf')
EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1 = MMS_1_HPCA_SURVEY_ION['Epoch'][...]
H_Flux_SURVEY_ION_1 = MMS_1_HPCA_SURVEY_ION['mms1_hpca_hplus_flux'][...]
Ion_Energy_SURVEY_ION_1 = MMS_1_HPCA_SURVEY_ION['mms1_hpca_ion_energy'][...]
MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Start_time = dt.datetime(2015, 10, 25, 12, 0, 0, 908117)
MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Finish_time = dt.datetime(2015, 10, 25, 16, 22, 24, 403623)
dt_MMS = dt.timedelta(seconds = 15)
plt.close('all')
fig_MMS, axs_MMS = plt.subplots(2,sharex=True)
cmap = plt.get_cmap(cm.jet)
cmap.set_bad('black')
sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION = bi.bisect_left(EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1,MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Start_time)
sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION = int(sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION-(sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION/100))
lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION = bi.bisect_left(EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1, MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Finish_time)
lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION = int(lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION+((len(EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1)-lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION)/100))
if MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Start_time.date() == MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Finish_time.date():
stopfmt = '%H:%M'
else:
stopfmt = '%-m/%-d/%y %H:%M'
title_1 = MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Start_time.strftime('%m/%d/%y %H:%M')+' -'+MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Finish_time.strftime(stopfmt)
if dt_MMS.seconds !=0:
title_1 = title_1 + ' with '+str(dt_MMS.seconds)+' second time averaging'
for j, ax in enumerate(axs_MMS.T.flatten()):
flix_1 = np.array(H_Flux_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION,
j, :].T)
if dt_MMS==dt.timedelta(0):
fluxwin_1 = flix_1
timewin_1 = EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION]
else:
fluxwin_1=[[0 for y in range(len(flix_1))] for x_1 in range(len(flix_1))]
for i, flox in enumerate(flix_1):
fluxwin_1[i], timewin_1 = windowMean(flox, EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION],
winsize=dt_MMS, overlap=dt.timedelta(0))
fluxwin_1[i] = np.array(fluxwin_1[i])
for x_1 in np.where(np.diff(EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION])
>dt.timedelta(hours=1))[0]+sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:
fluxwin[i][bi.bisect_right(timewin_1, EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1[x_1]):bi.bisect_right(timewin_1,
EPOCH_SURVEY_ION_1[x_1+1])]=0
fluxwin_1 = np.array(fluxwin_1)
fluxwin_1[np.where(fluxwin_1<=0)] = 0
x_1 = mdates.date2num(timewin_1)
pax_1 = ax.pcolormesh(x_1, Ion_Energy_SURVEY_ION_1, fluxwin_1, shading='turkey',cmap=cmap, vmin=1,
vmax=np.nanmax(H_Flux_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION,:,:]),
norm=LogNorm())
sax_1 = ax.twinx()
plt.setp(sax_1.get_yticklabels(), visible=False)
sax_1.tick_params(axis='y', right='off')
ax.set_xlim(MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Start_time, MMS_SURVEY_ION_1_Finish_time)
ax.set_yscale('log')
ax.set_yticks([10, 100, 1000,10000])
#Allows non-log formatted values to be used for ticks
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(plt.ScalarFormatter())
axs_MMS[0].set_ylabel('Energy (eV)')
axs_MMS[0].set_title(title_1)
cbar_ax_1 = fig_MMS.add_axes([0.93, 0.15, 0.02, 0.7])
cb_MMS_1 = fig_MMS.colorbar(pax_1, cax=cbar_ax_1)
cb_MMS_1.set_label(r'Counts sec$^{-1}$ ster$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ keV$^{-1}$')
#Sets the colorbar value range
cb_MMS_1.set_clim(1, np.nanmax(H_Flux_SURVEY_ION_1[sidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION:lidx_MMS_1_SURVEY_ION,:,:]))
#Redraws the colorbar
cb_MMS_1.draw_all()
问题是我没有安装所有软件包。对于使用Ubuntu 16.04 LTS的所有用户，您需要在终端中键入以下命令
sudo apt-get install dvipng
sudo apt-get install texlive-latex-extras
sudo apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended
为了确保您的特定包装在乳胶的特定子组中，您需要安装，请参阅此page。此外，解决方案的最重要部分如下：
切换这个：
[r'/usepackage{amsmath}']
对此：
[r'\usepackage{amsmath}']
让这成为每个人的一课，语法很重要并且知道计算机上的内容。
尊重提交， 甲