我们正在构建一个PowerBI报告解决方案,而我(井堆栈)解决了one problem,业务提出了一个新的报告理念。不知道最好的方法,因为我对PowerBI知之甚少,而且业务似乎想要非常复杂的报告。
我们有两个来自不同数据源的事件序列。它们都包含车辆发生的独立事件。一个描述了车辆在哪个位置 - 另一个描述了具有事故原因代码的事件事件。企业希望报告每个位置花费的时间。车辆可以完全独立于发生的事故事件而改变位置 - 事件实际上是日期时间并且在整天中随机发生。每种类型的事件都有startime / endtime和vehicleID。
车辆位置事件
+------------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+----------------+
| LocationDetailID | VehicleID | LocationID | StartDateTime | EndDateTime |
+------------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+----------------+
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2012-1-1 | 2016-1-1 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2016-1-1 | 2016-4-1 |
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 2016-4-1 | 2016-11-1 |
| 4 | 2 | 1 | 2011-1-1 | 2016-11-1 |
+------------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+----------------+
车辆状态事件
+---------+---------------+-------------+-----------+--------------+
| EventID | StartDateTime | EndDateTime | VehicleID | ReasonCodeID |
+---------+---------------+-------------+-----------+--------------+
| 1 | 2012-1-1 | 2013-1-1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 2013-1-1 | 2015-1-1 | 1 | 3 |
| 3 | 2015-1-1 | 2016-5-1 | 1 | 4 |
| 4 | 2016-5-1 | 2016-11-1 | 1 | 2 |
| 5 | 2015-9-1 | 2016-2-1 | 2 | 1 |
+---------+---------------+-------------+-----------+--------------+
无论如何,我可以将两个流关联在一起并计算每个位置每个ReasonCode的每个车辆的总时间吗?这似乎要求我能够将这两个事件联系起来 - 因此位置的更改可能会在给定的ReasonCode中发生。
计算示例ReasonCodeID 4
因此,位置1中的第一个周期与ReasonCodeID 4的365天相交(2015-1-1至2016-1-1)。位置1的第2期与30天(2016-4-1至2016-5-1)相交。 在位置2与ReasonCodeID 4的91天相交(2016-1-1至2016-4-1
所需的输出如下。
+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+
| VehicleID | ReasonCodeID | LocationID | Total Days |
+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 366 |
| 1 | 3 | 1 | 730 |
| 1 | 4 | 1 | 395 |
| 1 | 4 | 2 | 91 |
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 184 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 154 |
+-----------+--------------+------------+------------+
我创建了一个显示结构here
的SQL小提琴车辆有相关的表格,我确信企业会希望它们按车辆类别等分组,但如果我能理解如何计算这种情况下的交叉点,这将为我提供其余报告的基础。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
我认为此解决方案需要CROSS JOIN
实施。两个表之间的关系是Many to Many
,这意味着创建了一个桥接LocationEvents
和VehicleStatusEvents
表的第三个表,所以我认为在表达式中指定关系可能更容易。
我在两个表之间使用CROSS JOIN,然后仅过滤结果以获取两个表中VehicleID列相同的行。我还过滤了VehicleStatusEvents范围日期与LocationEvents范围日期相交的行。
完成过滤后,我会添加一列来计算每个交叉点之间的天数。最后,该度量总结了每个VehicleID,ReasonCodeID和LocationID的日期。
要实施CROSS JOIN,您必须在两个表中的任何一个上重命名VehicleID
,StartDateTime
和EndDateTime
。有必要避免错误的列名错误。
我按如下方式重命名列:
VehicleID
:LocationVehicleID
和StatusVehicleID
StartDateTime
:LocationStartDateTime
和StatusStartDateTime
EndDateTime
:LocationEndDateTime
和StatusEndDateTime
在此之后,您可以在Total Days
指标中使用CROSSJOIN:
Total Days =
SUMX (
FILTER (
ADDCOLUMNS (
FILTER (
CROSSJOIN ( LocationEvents, VehicleStatusEvents ),
LocationEvents[LocationVehicleID] = VehicleStatusEvents[StatusVehicleID]
&& LocationEvents[LocationStartDateTime] <= VehicleStatusEvents[StatusEndDateTime]
&& LocationEvents[LocationEndDateTime] >= VehicleStatusEvents[StatusStartDateTime]
),
"CountOfDays", IF (
[LocationStartDateTime] <= [StatusStartDateTime]
&& [LocationEndDateTime] >= [StatusEndDateTime],
DATEDIFF ( [StatusStartDateTime], [StatusEndDateTime], DAY ),
IF (
[LocationStartDateTime] > [StatusStartDateTime]
&& [LocationEndDateTime] >= [StatusEndDateTime],
DATEDIFF ( [LocationStartDateTime], [StatusEndDateTime], DAY ),
IF (
[LocationStartDateTime] <= [StatusStartDateTime]
&& [LocationEndDateTime] <= [StatusEndDateTime],
DATEDIFF ( [StatusStartDateTime], [LocationEndDateTime], DAY ),
IF (
[LocationStartDateTime] >= [StatusStartDateTime]
&& [LocationEndDateTime] <= [StatusEndDateTime],
DATEDIFF ( [LocationStartDateTime], [LocationEndDateTime], DAY ),
BLANK ()
)
)
)
)
),
LocationEvents[LocationID] = [LocationID]
&& VehicleStatusEvents[ReasonCodeID] = [ReasonCodeID]
),
[CountOfDays]
)
然后在Power BI中,您可以使用此度量构建矩阵(或任何其他可视化):
如果你不完全理解度量表达式,这里是T-SQL翻译:
SELECT
dt.VehicleID,
dt.ReasonCodeID,
dt.LocationID,
SUM(dt.Diff) [Total Days]
FROM
(
SELECT
CASE
WHEN a.StartDateTime <= b.StartDateTime AND a.EndDateTime >= b.EndDateTime -- Inside range
THEN DATEDIFF(DAY, b.StartDateTime, b.EndDateTime)
WHEN a.StartDateTime > b.StartDateTime AND a.EndDateTime >= b.EndDateTime -- |-----|*****|....|
THEN DATEDIFF(DAY, a.StartDateTime, b.EndDateTime)
WHEN a.StartDateTime <= b.StartDateTime AND a.EndDateTime <= b.EndDateTime -- |...|****|-----|
THEN DATEDIFF(DAY, b.StartDateTime, a.EndDateTime)
WHEN a.StartDateTime >= b.StartDateTime AND a.EndDateTime <= b.EndDateTime -- |---|****|-----
THEN DATEDIFF(DAY, a.StartDateTime, a.EndDateTime)
END Diff,
a.VehicleID,
b.ReasonCodeID,
a.LocationID --a.StartDateTime, a.EndDateTime, b.StartDateTime, b.EndDateTime
FROM LocationEvents a
CROSS JOIN VehicleStatusEvents b
WHERE a.VehicleID = b.VehicleID
AND
(
(a.StartDateTime <= b.EndDateTime)
AND (a.EndDateTime >= b.StartDateTime)
)
) dt
GROUP BY dt.VehicleID,
dt.ReasonCodeID,
dt.LocationID
请注意,在T-SQL中,您也可以使用INNER JOIN
运算符。
如果有帮助,请告诉我。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
select coalesce(l.VehicleID,s.VehicleID) as VehicleID
,s.ReasonCodeID
,l.LocationID
,sum
(
datediff
(
day
,case when s.StartDateTime > l.StartDateTime then s.StartDateTime else l.StartDateTime end
,case when s.EndDateTime < l.EndDateTime then s.EndDateTime else l.EndDateTime end
)
) as TotalDays
from VehicleLocationEvents as l
full join VehicleStatusEvents as s
on s.VehicleID =
l.VehicleID
and case when s.StartDateTime > l.StartDateTime then s.StartDateTime else l.StartDateTime end <=
case when s.EndDateTime < l.EndDateTime then s.EndDateTime else l.EndDateTime end
group by coalesce(l.VehicleID,s.VehicleID)
,s.ReasonCodeID
,l.LocationID
或
select VehicleID
,ReasonCodeID
,LocationID
,sum (datediff (day,max_StartDateTime,min_EndDateTime)) as TotalDays
from (select coalesce(l.VehicleID,s.VehicleID) as VehicleID
,s.ReasonCodeID
,l.LocationID
,case when s.StartDateTime > l.StartDateTime then s.StartDateTime else l.StartDateTime end as max_StartDateTime
,case when s.EndDateTime < l.EndDateTime then s.EndDateTime else l.EndDateTime end as min_EndDateTime
from VehicleLocationEvents as l
full join VehicleStatusEvents as s
on s.VehicleID =
l.VehicleID
) ls
where max_StartDateTime <= min_EndDateTime
group by VehicleID
,ReasonCodeID
,LocationID