如何执行这些类型的JavaScript函数

Question

以下代码存在于jquery库中。因为它们与通常使用的函数完全不同，所以执行流程如何发生在这里：

as.Date

我的意思是以下部分

/*!
 * jQuery JavaScript Library v1.12.3
 * http://jquery.com/
 *
 * Includes Sizzle.js
 * http://sizzlejs.com/
 *
 * Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license
 * http://jquery.org/license
 *
 * Date: 2016-04-05T19:16Z
 */

(function( global, factory ) {

    if ( typeof module === "object" && typeof module.exports === "object" ) {
        // For CommonJS and CommonJS-like environments where a proper `window`
        // is present, execute the factory and get jQuery.
        // For environments that do not have a `window` with a `document`
        // (such as Node.js), expose a factory as module.exports.
        // This accentuates the need for the creation of a real `window`.
        // e.g. var jQuery = require("jquery")(window);
        // See ticket #14549 for more info.
        module.exports = global.document ?
            factory( global, true ) :
            function( w ) {
                if ( !w.document ) {
                    throw new Error( "jQuery requires a window with a document" );
                }
                return factory( w );
            };
    } else {
        factory( global );
    }

// Pass this if window is not defined yet
}(typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : this, function( window, noGlobal ) {

// Support: Firefox 18+
// Can't be in strict mode, several libs including ASP.NET trace
// the stack via arguments.caller.callee and Firefox dies if
// you try to trace through "use strict" call chains. (#13335)
//"use strict";
var deletedIds = [];

在上一行的开头和结尾有括号，如何进行。什么是这些编码样式称为何时使用。或者他们的目的是什么。