渲染到FBO,采样失败

时间:2016-09-06 10:58:42

标签: opengl lwjgl texture-mapping fbo rendertarget

我正在尝试渲染到FBO,然后在OpenGL / LWJGL中进行屏幕显示,我得到了奇怪的结果。

我的场景如果直接渲染到帧缓冲区就可以正常工作,看起来像这样:

1

但是当我渲染到FBO然后再渲染到默认帧缓冲区的四边形时,我得到了这个:

2

看起来图像中的所有颜色都采用单一颜色进行平均,就像屏幕被清除一样。

我的猜测是,四边形纹理的采样有问题,但我无法弄明白。

四边形显然是在那里,因为我看到glPolymode - GL_LINE的边缘。此外,当我移动游戏相机时,四边形上的单色会发生变化,并以某种方式反映出屏幕上最突出的颜色。那么也许你可以指出我可能很明显的解决方案?我将在本文末尾提出一些我认为相关的代码。

这就是我设置小队顶点和uv坐标的方法。我对立方体使用相同的方法和父类,所以我知道这有效:

    vertices[0] = new Vertex(-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f);
    vertices[0].setTexCoords(0.0f,0.0f);

    vertices[1] = new Vertex(-1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
    vertices[1].setTexCoords(0.0f,1.0f);

    vertices[2] = new Vertex(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
    vertices[2].setTexCoords(1.0f,1.0f);

    vertices[3] = new Vertex(1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f);
    vertices[3].setTexCoords(1.0f,0.0f);

这就是我将它们绑定到vbos的方式:

    vaoID = GL30.glGenVertexArrays();
    GL30.glBindVertexArray(vaoID);
        //POSITION - LOCATION 0
        int vboID = GL15.glGenBuffers();
        GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID);

        FloatBuffer buffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices.length*3);
        buffer.put(getPositions());
        buffer.flip();

        GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(0,  3,  GL11.GL_FLOAT, false, 0,0);
        GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

        buffer.clear();

       //... some code for color and normal, going into VBO location 1 and 2


        //TEX COORDS - LOCATION 3
        vboID = GL15.glGenBuffers();
        GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID);

        buffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(vertices.length*2);
        buffer.put(getTexCoords());
        buffer.flip();

        GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(3, 2,  GL11.GL_FLOAT, false, 0,0);
        GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);

        buffer.clear();

这是我如何绑定四边形着色器中的属性位置:

    protected void bindAttributes(){
       GL20.glBindAttribLocation(id, 0, "vertex_position");
       GL20.glBindAttribLocation(id, 3, "vertex_texCoord");
    }

这是我渲染屏幕四边形的方式:

GL20.glUseProgram(presentShader.getProgramID());
    GL30.glBindVertexArray(screenQuad.getMesh(0).getVaoID());
    GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
    GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(3);

    GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
    //GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, frameBufferTextureID);
    GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, frameBufferTextureID);
    GL11.glDrawElements(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES, screenQuad.getMesh(0).getIndexCount(), GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);

    GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(3);
    GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
    GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
GL20.glUseProgram(0);

这是我的顶点和片段着色器: 顶点:

#version 400 core

in vec2 vertex_position;
in vec2 vertex_texCoords;

out vec2 pass_texCoords;

void main(){

    gl_Position =  vec4(vertex_position.x, vertex_position.y, 0.0f, 1.0f);
    pass_texCoords = vertex_texCoords;
}

片段:

#version 400 core

in vec2 pass_texCoords;

out vec4 fragment_color;

uniform sampler2D screenTexture;

void main(){
    fragment_color = texture(screenTexture, pass_texCoords);
    //fragment_color  = vec4(0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0);

}

最后,这是我的渲染程序:     准备();     drawScene函数();     本();

使用这些功能:

public void prepare(){
        //FBO aktivieren, alles danach wird auf FBO-Textur gerendert
        GL11.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f); 
        GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, frameBufferID);
        GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
        GL11.glEnable(GL11.GL_STENCIL_TEST);
        GL11.glStencilOp(GL11.GL_KEEP, GL11.GL_KEEP, GL11.GL_REPLACE); 
        GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL11.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT |  GL11.GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT);
    }

    public void present(){
        //Standard Framebuffer aktivieren
        GL11.glClearColor(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f);
        GL11.glDisable(GL11.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
        GL11.glDisable(GL11.GL_STENCIL_TEST);
        GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
        GL11.glClear(GL11.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);


        GL20.glUseProgram(presentShader.getProgramID());
        GL30.glBindVertexArray(screenQuad.getMesh(0).getVaoID());
        GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
        GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(3);

        GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
        GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, frameBufferTextureID);
        GL11.glDrawElements(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES, screenQuad.getMesh(0).getIndexCount(), GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);

        GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(3);
        GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
        GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);

        GL20.glUseProgram(0);
    }

编辑:也许我应该添加我如何设置FBO:

private void linitializeFrameBuffer(int viewportWidth, int viewportHeight){
    //COLOR TEXTURE
    frameBufferID = GL30.glGenFramebuffers();
    GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, frameBufferID); // GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_FRAMEBUFFER

    frameBufferTextureID = GL11.glGenTextures();
    GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, frameBufferTextureID);   //GL_TEXTURE_1D, GL_TEXTURE2D, GL_TEXTURE3D
    FloatBuffer pixelBuffer;
    pixelBuffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(viewportWidth*viewportHeight*3);
    pixelBuffer.clear();
    GL11.glTexImage2D(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, viewportWidth, viewportHeight, 0, GL11.GL_RGB, GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, (java.nio.ByteBuffer) null);     
    GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL11.GL_LINEAR );
    GL11.glTexParameteri(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL11.GL_LINEAR );
    GL11.glBindTexture(GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);

    //Attach the new Texture to the framebuffer
    GL30.glFramebufferTexture2D(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_2D, frameBufferTextureID, 0);

    //DEPTH BUFFER
    depthBufferID = GL30.glGenRenderbuffers();
    GL30.glBindRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depthBufferID);
    GL30.glRenderbufferStorage(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL30.GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, viewportWidth, viewportHeight);
    GL30.glBindRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, 0);

    //Attach the new renderbuffer to the framebuffer
    GL30.glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL30.GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL30.GL_RENDERBUFFER, depthBufferID);


    if(GL30.glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE){
        System.out.println("ERROR::FRAMEBUFFER:: Framebuffer is not complete!");
    }
    GL30.glBindFramebuffer(GL30.GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); 
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

首先,

GL30.glBindVertexArray(screenQuad.getMesh(0).getVaoID());
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(3);

enableVertexAttribArray应该在初始化VAO的函数中,而不是在渲染循环期间;)。就这样,disableVertexAttribArray是“无用的”。

其次,由于直接状态访问是OpenGL核心的一部分,我对“绑定到工作”并不是很方便。 但是,我可以看到2个最终的警告(即使我不太确定)

你给glTexImage2D提供了“内部格式”GL_RGB,如果我是你,我会使用GL_RGB8。 (我知道GL_RGB使用glTexStorage是不正确的,但也许可以将它与GLTexImage2D一起使用,启用arb调试输出以了解是否存在错误)。

在将纹理发送到frameBuffer之前取消绑定纹理(在阅读文档之后,它应该没问题。)

您正在创建从未使用过的“pixelBuffer”。

最后,我在使用Depth和Stencil缓冲区方面遇到了很多问题,特别是当我使用renderBuffer时。 我建议你切换到纹理而不是renderBuffer,并开始只使用没有模板的depthTexture来“调试”你的程序。

编辑:正如Djindjidj所写,你在你的着色器中不尊重vec2 / vec3

答案 1 :(得分:1)

得到了解决方案。 着色器中的纹理坐标称为in vec2 vertex_texCoords;

我将它们引用为GL20.glBindAttribLocation(id, 3, "vertex_texCoord");

将其更改为GL20.glBindAttribLocation(id, 3, "vertex_texCoords");完成了这项工作。