mysql查询性能提升

时间:2016-04-06 21:09:37

标签: php mysql performance aggregate-functions query-performance

我在以下查询中遇到了性能问题:

SELECT t.local_branch_revenue, t.total_payment,

    (SELECT SUM(IF(cpo.real_account_type = 'HQ', 0, cpo.payment_amount)) AS cpo_payment_amount
        FROM customer_payment_options cpo
        WHERE tran_id=t.id
        AND cpo.payment_type != 'WALLET' AND cpo.payment_type != 'REWARD_CREDIT'
        GROUP BY cpo.tran_id)
    as cpo_payment_amount,

    b.ben_firstname, b.ben_lastname
    FROM transaction t
    LEFT JOIN beneficiary b
    ON b.id=t.ben_id
    WHERE t.local_branch_id='31'
    AND DATE(t.date_added) < '2016-04-07'
    AND source_country_id='40'
    AND t.transaction_status != 'CANCELLED'

EXPLAIN

 +----+--------------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type        | table | type   | possible_keys                          | key                                    | key_len | ref             | rows | Extra       |
+----+--------------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+-------------+
| 1  | PRIMARY            | t     | ref    | local_branch_id,source_country_id      | local_branch_id                        | 5       | const           | 2    | Using where |
+----+--------------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+-------------+
| 1  | PRIMARY            | b     | eq_ref | PRIMARY                                | PRIMARY                                | 8       | mtesdb.t.ben_id | 1    |             |
+----+--------------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+-------------+
| 2  | DEPENDENT SUBQUERY | cpo   | ref    | tran_id_payment_type_real_account_type | tran_id_payment_type_real_account_type | 9       | mtesdb.t.id     | 1    | Using where |
+----+--------------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------+----------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+------+-------------+

如您所见,它使用了可能键的索引。但仍然查询大约需要13秒。

我还有transaction表的索引:(ben_id, company_id, source_country_id, date_added, tran_owner)。但是,它甚至没有进入可能的键部分。

如果您需要table架构,请告诉我。

我在这里缺少什么?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

依赖子查询在MySQL中表现不佳......查询计划程序无法有效地将它们转换为JOINed子查询。 (他们在O​​racle和SQL Server中没问题,但是谁有资金用于那些?)所以,对你来说,一个好的选择是重构你的查询以消除依赖的子查询。

这是您的子查询。让我们将它重构为一个独立的子查询。我们将摆脱WHERE tran_id=t.id并稍后将其移至ON条款。

             SELECT tran_id,
                    SUM(IF(real_account_type = 'HQ',
                           0, 
                           payment_amount)) AS cpo_payment_amount
               FROM customer_payment_options
              WHERE payment_type != 'WALLET'
                AND payment_type != 'REWARD_CREDIT'
             GROUP BY tran_id

请注意,您可以按如下方式简化此操作 - 您的IF()子句会排除real_account_type = 'HQ'行。您可以在WHERE子句中执行此操作。

             SELECT tran_id,
                    SUM(payment_amount) AS cpo_payment_amount
               FROM customer_payment_options
              WHERE payment_type != 'WALLET'
                AND payment_type != 'REWARD_CREDIT'
                AND real_account_type != 'HQ'
             GROUP BY tran_id

(tran_id, payment_type, real_account_type, payment_amount)上的复合索引可能有助于此子查询运行得更快。但是这三个!=条款的存在保证了完整的索引扫描;没有办法随机访问那些索引。

这将生成一个虚拟表,其中每tran_id行包含一行,并且需要总和。

接下来,我们需要将其加入您的主要查询。

SELECT t.local_branch_revenue, 
       t.total_payment,
       IFNULL(cposum.cpo_payment_amount,0) cpo_payment_amount,
       b.ben_firstname, b.ben_lastname
  FROM transaction t
  LEFT JOIN beneficiary b ON b.id=t.ben_id
  LEFT JOIN (
             SELECT tran_id,
                    SUM(payment_amount) AS cpo_payment_amount
               FROM customer_payment_options
              WHERE payment_type != 'WALLET'
                AND payment_type != 'REWARD_CREDIT'
                AND real_account_type != 'HQ'
             GROUP BY tran_id
       ) cposum ON t.id = cposum.tran_id
 WHERE t.local_branch_id='31'
   AND DATE(t.date_added) < '2016-04-07'
   AND source_country_id='40'
   AND t.transaction_status != 'CANCELLED'

您是否看到我们如何将相关摘要子查询更改为自己的虚拟表?这使得查询计划程序只运行一次该查询,而不是主查询中的每一行运行一次。这有很大帮助。

对于缺少任何相应IFNULL()行的transaction行,customer_payment_options会为您获取cpo_payment_amount的数值,而不是NULL。

transaction (local_branch_id, source_country_id, date_added)表上的复合索引将有助于此查询;查询引擎可以随机访问local_branch_idsource_country_id值,然后范围扫描date_added值。

你是如何自学的? http://use-the-index-luke.com/是一个好的开始。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

WHERE t.local_branch_id='31'
AND DATE(t.date_added) < '2016-04-07'
AND source_country_id='40'

将日期测试更改为t.date_added < '2016-04-07'!否则,以下索引建议将无效。

什么表是source_country_id?如果它位于t,那么您需要INDEX(local_branch_id, source_country_id, date_added)。如果它不在t,那么INDEX(local_branch_id, date_added)

如果您需要进一步讨论,请提供SHOW CREATE TABLE