让我们考虑以下代码:
class Widget{
};
int main(){
Widget w;
auto lambda = bind([](Widget&& ref){ return; }, std::move(w));
return 0;
}
并触发错误
no match for call to ‘(std::_Bind<main()::<lambda(Widget&&)>(Widget)>) ()’
lambda();
我的问题是:为什么错误出现了?毕竟,我对rvalue引用进行了显式转换 - 我的意思是std::move(w)
并且我通过rvalue引用引用参数 - 我的意思是Widget&& ref
。
什么了?
此外,以下代码有效,让我更担心的是:
class Widget{
};
int main(){
Widget w;
auto lambda = bind([](Widget& ref){ return; }, std::move(w));
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:10)
如果你写下std::bind
示意性的内容,可能会更清楚。
// C++14, you'll have to write a lot of boilerplate code for C++11
template <typename FuncT, typename ArgT>
auto
bind(FuncT&& func, ArgT&& arg)
{
return
[
f = std::forward<FuncT>(func),
a = std::forward<ArgT>(arg)
]() mutable { return f(a); }; // NB: a is an lvalue here
}
由于您可以多次调用函数对象std::bind
,因此它不能“消耗”捕获的参数,因此它将作为左值引用传递。您将bind
本身作为右值传递的事实意味着在a
初始化的行上没有复制。
如果您尝试使用上面显示的原理图bind
编译示例,您还会从编译器中收到更有用的错误消息。
main.cxx: In instantiation of ‘bind(FuncT&&, ArgT&&)::<lambda()> mutable [with FuncT = main()::<lambda(Widget&&)>; ArgT = Widget]’:
main.cxx:10:33: required from ‘struct bind(FuncT&&, ArgT&&) [with FuncT = main()::<lambda(Widget&&)>; ArgT = Widget]::<lambda()>’
main.cxx:11:31: required from ‘auto bind(FuncT&&, ArgT&&) [with FuncT = main()::<lambda(Widget&&)>; ArgT = Widget]’
main.cxx:18:59: required from here
main.cxx:11:26: error: no match for call to ‘(main()::<lambda(Widget&&)>) (Widget&)’
]() mutable { return f(a); }; // NB: a is an lvalue here
^
main.cxx:11:26: note: candidate: void (*)(Widget&&) <conversion>
main.cxx:11:26: note: conversion of argument 2 would be ill-formed:
main.cxx:11:26: error: cannot bind ‘Widget’ lvalue to ‘Widget&&’
main.cxx:18:33: note: candidate: main()::<lambda(Widget&&)> <near match>
auto lambda = bind([](Widget&&){ return; }, std::move(w));
^
main.cxx:18:33: note: conversion of argument 1 would be ill-formed:
main.cxx:11:26: error: cannot bind ‘Widget’ lvalue to ‘Widget&&’
]() mutable { return f(a); }; // NB: a is an lvalue here
答案 1 :(得分:3)
要使它工作,你需要这样写:
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
class Widget{};
int main()
{
Widget a;
auto lf = [](Widget&& par){ };
auto f = std::bind
(
lf,
std::bind
(
std::move<Widget&>, a
)
);
f();
return 0;
}
我的编译器是gcc version 4.9.2 20141101 (Red Hat 4.9.2-1) (GCC)