我想通过使用组合方法生成500,000个随机数的泊松分布lambda = 1
和T=6
,其描述如下:
z1
,z2
,... z1.z2..zm<=exp(-lamda*T)
k = m – 1
然后计算10个区间([0,1]
,[2,3]
,...,[16,17]
,[18,∞)
]中每个区间的数量。
我知道MATLAB有一个内置函数poissrnd
用于上述任务。但是,我想用上面的算法自己做。我尝试过并将其与poissrnd
函数的结果进行比较,但我的代码给出了错误的结果。你能看一下我的代码并给我一些评论吗?
num_generated = 500000;
lambda=1;T=6;
k_vec=[]; %% Store k
for i=1:number_generated
multiple=1;
for j=1:number_generated
%% Step 1: Generate uniform in the interval [0,1]: z1,z2...
z=rand();
%% Step 2: Stop when z1z2...zm<=exp(-lambda*T)
multiple=multiple*z;
if(multiple<=exp(-lambda*T))
k=j-1;
k_vec=[k_vec k]; % Record k in vec
break;
end
end
end
range_1 = sum( k_vec(:)==0 )+sum(k_vec(:)==1) % # number with in range [0,1]
range_2 = sum( k_vec(:)==2 )+sum( k_vec(:)==3) % # number with in range [2,3]
range_3 = sum( k_vec(:)==4 )+sum( k_vec(:)==5) % # number with in range [4,5]
range_4 = sum( k_vec(:)==6 )+sum( k_vec(:)==7) % # number with in range [6,7]
range_5 = sum( k_vec(:)==8 )+sum( k_vec(:)==9) % # number with in range [8,9]
range_6 = sum( k_vec(:)==10 )+sum( k_vec(:)==11) % # number with in range [10,11]
range_7 = sum( k_vec(:)==12 )+sum( k_vec(:)==13) % # number with in range [12,13]
range_8 = sum( k_vec(:)==14 )+sum( k_vec(:)==15) % # number with in range [14,15]
range_9 = sum( k_vec(:)==16 )+sum( k_vec(:)==17) % # number with in range [16,17]
range_10 = sum(k_vec(:)>=18) % # number with in range [18,+infty)
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您不知道multiple
收敛需要多少随机值,因此您需要将for
循环更改为j
到一个持续时间较长的while循环为multiple > exp(-lambda*T)
。
通过将其更改为while
循环,您现在需要k
作为计数器并在循环的每次迭代中递增它:
(警告:未经测试的代码)
for i = 1:number_generated
multiple = 1;
k = 0; %// Initialize counter for each number generated
while multiple > exp(-lambda*T) %// replace `for` loop
k = k + 1; %// Increment counter
%% Step 1: Generate uniform in the interval [0,1]: z1,z2...
z = rand();
%% Step 2: Stop when z1z2...zm<=exp(-lambda*T)
multiple = multiple*z;
end
%// If we exit the loop, we know multiple <= exp(-lambda*T)
k = k - 1;
k_vec = [k_vec k]; % Record k in vec
end
您还应该使用range_1
,range_2
之类的顺序变量名来避免不惜一切代价 ... Matlab旨在处理数组和矩阵,因此您应该使用他们。在你的情况下,没有循环或矢量化的最简单的方法是:
range(1) = sum(...
range(2) = sum(...
...
range(10) = sum(...
现在你的工作区中有一个变量而不是10个,你对这个变量执行的任何操作都会容易得多。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我不使用Matlab,因此我无法为您提供修复的确切语法。至少,您似乎忘记为每个新Poisson重置multiple
和k
。此外,您只生成一个z
。
获得num_generated
Poisson结果的工作实现应该类似于以下伪代码:
threshold = Math.exp(-lambda * T)
loop num_generated times {
%% Each time through this loop produces a single Poisson outcome
count = 0
product = 1.0
while (product = product * rand()) >= threshold {
count += 1
}
%% count now has a valid Poisson value, do what you want with it
}