Question

我有一个简单的选举计划。以下是要求：

class Politician
随机投票。

以政治家的数量作为用户的投入。

num_politicians = input("The number of politicians: ")

循环和创建实例

names = []
for x in range(num_politicians):
    new_name = input("Name: ")
    while new_name in names:
        new_name = input("Please enter another name: ")
    names.append(new_name)

    #### This part is the crux of my problem
    ### Create instances of the Politician class
    #### I want to do this in a way so that i can independently 
    #### handle each instance when i randomize and assign votes

我看过：

How do you create different variable names while in a loop? (Python)
Python: Create instance of an object in a loop

但是我无法找到解决问题的方法

政治家课程如下：

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name + ": " + str(self.votes)

所需的输出：

>>> The Number of politicians: 3
>>> Name: John
>>> Name: Joseph
>>> Name: Mary
>>> Processing...
(I use time.sleep(1.0) here)
>>> Mary: 8 votes
>>> John: 2 votes
>>> Joseph: 1 vote

我的问题在一个声明中

我想在for循环中创建类实例，以便我可以随机分配它们（我想，这会要求我独立处理实例。）

任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您可以将实例存储在列表中：

politicians = []
for name in 'ABC':
    politicians.append(Politician(name))

现在您可以访问各个实例：

>>> politicians[0].name
'A'

我使用了类的修改版本，如果没有提供，则为每位政治家提供默认年龄：

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name, age=45):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name + ": " + str(self.votes)

现在你可以使用你的政治家名单了：

print('The Number of politicians: {}'.format(len(politicians)))

打印：

The Number of politicians: 3

这样：

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

打印：

A: 0
B: 0
C: 0

分配随机投票：

import random

for x in range(100):
    pol = random.choice(politicians)
    pol.votes += 1

现在：

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

打印：

A: 35
B: 37
C: 28

整个计划：

# Assuming Python 3.

class Politician:

    def __init__(self, name, age=45):
        self.name = str(name)
        self.age = age
        self.votes = 0

    def change(self):
        self.votes = self.votes + 1

    def __str__(self):
        return '{}: {} votes'.format(self.name, self.votes)

num_politicians = int(input("The number of politicians: "))
politicians = []
for n in range(num_politicians):
    if n == 0:
        new_name = input("Please enter a name: ")
    else:
        new_name = input("Please enter another name: ")
    politicians.append(Politician(new_name))

print('The Number of politicians: {}'.format(len(politicians)))
for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

print('Processing ...')
for x in range(100):
    pol = random.choice(politicians)
    pol.votes += 1

for politician in politicians:
    print(politician)

用法：

The number of politicians: 3
Please enter a name: John
Please enter another name: Joseph
Please enter another name: Mary
The Number of politicians: 3
John: 0 votes
Joseph: 0 votes
Mary: 0 votes
Processing ...
John: 25 votes
Joseph: 39 votes
Mary: 36 votes

更新

正如@martineau建议的那样，对于真实存在的问题，字典会更多是有用的。

创建字典而不是列表：

politicians = {}

在循环中，当您添加实例时，我们将名称作为键：

politicians[new_name] = Politician(new_name)

Python-在具有独立处理的循环中创建对象实例

1 个答案:

更新