我对shared_ptr.reset()的行为有疑问。
在这种情况下,我有一个带有以下类的循环引用。我有一本书和一个所有者,它们彼此都有std :: shared_ptrs,创建了一个循环引用。
Book.h
#pragma once
class Owner;
class Book
{
public:
Book(std::string title);
~Book();
void OutputDetails();
void SetOwner(std::shared_ptr<Owner> owner);
void OutputOwnerInformation();
private:
std::string m_title;
std::shared_ptr<Owner> m_owner; // Book hangs onto the owner and creates a circular dependency
};
Book.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include "Book.h"
#include "Owner.h"
Book::Book(std::string title) : m_title(title) {}
Book::~Book() {
std::cout << "Book Destroyed" << std::endl;
}
void Book::SetOwner(std::shared_ptr<Owner> owner) {
m_owner = owner; // strong reference
}
void Book::OutputOwnerInformation() {
std::cout << "Owner is: " << m_owner->GetName() << std::endl;
}
void Book::OutputOwnerInformation() {
std::cout << "Owner is: " << m_owner->GetName() << std::endl;
}
Owner.h
#pragma once
class Book; // To avoid circular #includes
class Owner
{
public:
Owner(std::string name, std::shared_ptr<Book> book);
~Owner();
void OutputDetails();
std::string GetName();
private:
std::string m_name;
std::shared_ptr<Book> m_book; // Owner hangs onto the book
};
Owner.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Owner.h"
#include "Book.h"
Owner::Owner(std::string name, std::shared_ptr<Book> book) : m_name(name), m_book(book) {}
Owner::~Owner() {
std::cout << "Owner Destroyed" << std::endl;
}
void Owner::OutputDetails() {
std::cout << m_name << " owns " << std::endl;
m_book->OutputDetails();
}
std::string Owner::GetName() {
return m_name;
}
这是main.cpp。在这种情况下,书籍和所有者对彼此具有强烈的引用,并且一旦_tmain退出其范围,内存就会泄漏。当我在相应的析构函数中插入断点时,不会调用book和owner的析构函数。
的main.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <memory>
#include "Book.h"
#include "Owner.h"
int _tmain(int, _TCHAR*)
{
{
std::shared_ptr<Book> book = std::shared_ptr<Book>(new Book("Moby Dick"));
std::shared_ptr<Owner> owner = std::shared_ptr<Owner>(new Owner("George Heriot", book));
// Introduced a circular dependency so
// neither gets deleted
book->SetOwner(owner);
owner->OutputDetails();
book->OutputOwnerInformation();
}
return 0;
}
我想看看是否可以重置()指针,以便调用析构函数并打破循环依赖。根据我对shared_ptr.reset()的理解,该对象应该变为空。
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/memory/shared_ptr/reset/
但是,我在两个析构函数中的断点都没有被击中。我的假设是,因为我已经重置了book和owner,所以两者的引用计数都将降为0,并且当_tmain返回时它们将被销毁。
main2.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <memory>
#include "Book.h"
#include "Owner.h"
int _tmain(int, _TCHAR*)
{
{
std::shared_ptr<Book> book = std::shared_ptr<Book>(new Book("Moby Dick"));
std::shared_ptr<Owner> owner = std::shared_ptr<Owner>(new Owner("George Heriot", book));
// Introduced a circular dependency so
// neither gets deleted
book->SetOwner(owner);
owner->OutputDetails();
book->OutputOwnerInformation();
owner.reset();
book.reset();
}
return 0;
}
我知道这已经是可怕的代码,我可以使用weak_ptr来消除循环依赖,但我只是好奇为什么reset()不会破坏这种依赖。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
在重置之前尝试打印owner.use_count()
和book.use_count()
。您将看到使用计数为2.重置调用将使owner
和book
将计数减1,但仍有其他shared_ptr
个对象与它们共享所有权并且您没有重置,因此引用计数不会达到零。
如果你仔细想想,你应该意识到reset()
当然不能打破周期,因为reset()
的等价物无论如何都会在shared_ptr
析构函数中发生。如果析构函数可以打破这样的循环,那么首先创建循环就没有问题了。