避免类型铸造

时间:2014-10-16 15:55:27

标签: java casting

我有一个名为Data的空接口,它由类DataOneDataTwo实现。

然后我有一个名为DataHolder的类,其中包含一个Data对象。

它看起来像这样:

public class DataHolder() {
    public Data data;
}

public class DataOne() {
    public int importantData;

    public int getImportantData() {
        return importantData;
    }

    public int setImportantData(int importantData) {
        this.importantData = importantData;
    }
}

public class DataTwo() {
    public int notSoImportantData;
}

假设有一个函数,它接受一个DataHolder对象并对importantData整数进行一些操作。

public void calculateImportantData(DataHolder dh) {
    int importantData = 1234567890;
    dh.data.setImportantData(importantData);
}

如何在不进行类型转换的情况下确保DataHolder包含DataOne个对象?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

怎么样:

public class DataHolder<T extends Data> {
    public T data;
}

在您的代码中,您将拥有:

public void calculateImportantData(DataHolder<DataOne> dh) {
   int importantData = 1234567890;
   dh.data.setImportantData(importantData);
}

我认为你的意思是DataOne和DataTwo来实现数据。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

首先,我稍微调整了你的代码,

1-我创建了一个Interface,Data,包含一些随机方法someMethod():

package main.interfaces;

public interface Data {

  int myData = 0;

   public void someMethod();
}

2-然后,我创建了两个名为DataOne和DataTwo的类: 类DataOne :(注意我在这里添加了重要的业务方法setImportantData(),这提供了你工作的总封装

package main;
import main.interfaces.Data;
public class DataOne implements Data{
    public int importantData;

    public int getImportantData() {
       return importantData;
    }

    public void setImportantData(int importantData) {
       this.importantData = importantData;
    }

    @Override
    public void someMethod() {
       System.out.println("here in DataOne!... ");

    }
    public void calculateImportantData(int importantData) {

    //      int importantData = 1234567890;

       setImportantData(importantData);
    }

}

Class DataTwo:

package main;

import main.interfaces.Data;

public class DataTwo implements Data{
public int notSoImportantData;

@Override
public void someMethod() {
    System.out.println("here in DataTwo!...");

}
public void calculateUsualData(DataTwo d2) {
    d2.someMethod();

}

}

之后,使用工厂设计模式 ...我创建了这个DataFactory类:

package main.factory;

import main.DataOne;
import main.DataTwo;
import main.interfaces.Data;

public class DataFactory {
    public static Data getData(String dataType){
          if(dataType == null){
             return null;
          }     
          if(dataType.equalsIgnoreCase("DATAONE")){
             return new DataOne();
          } else if(dataType.equalsIgnoreCase("DATATWO")){
             return new DataTwo();
          } 
          return null;
       }

}

现在,回到你的问题解决方案,我使用DataHolder,在这里封装DataFactory:

package main.holder;

import main.factory.DataFactory;
import main.interfaces.Data;

public class DataHolder {
    Data data;
    public DataHolder(String dataType){
        data = DataFactory.getData(dataType);
    }

    public Data getData(){
        return data;
    }
}

现在,尝试运行该应用程序,我添加了一些将出现在您的控制台上的评论,我希望它们会有所帮助:)

package main.run;

import main.DataOne;
import main.DataTwo;
import main.holder.DataHolder;
import main.interfaces.Data;

public class main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // lets assume user of the method passed a DataOne Object, you can
        // manage it by changing the value of flag string
        String flag = "DataOne";
        DataHolder dataHolder = new DataHolder(flag);

        if (dataHolder.getData() instanceof DataOne) {
            System.out
                    .println("you have a DataOne object , but a Data reference");
            System.out
                    .println("/nso , you need to create a 'reference' to DataOne to work on that object ...");
        } else if (dataHolder.getData() instanceof DataTwo) {
            System.out
                    .println("you have a DataTwo object , but a Data reference");
        } else {
            System.out
                    .println("you dont have a DataOne nor DataTwo references , it is a "
                            + dataHolder.getData().getClass() + " object!");
        }

        System.out
                .println("in order for the compiler to pass the following test , you must cast he RHS ( right hand side ) to match the LHS (left hand side)");
        // in order for the compiler to pass the following test , you must cast
        // the RHS ( right hand side ) to match the LHS (left hand side)
        DataOne d1 = (DataOne) dataHolder.getData();
        // in case you wanted to test DataTwo scenario
        //DataTwo d2 = (DataTwo) dataHolder.getData();

        System.out.println("if you didnt do that , you can make it a Data Object , but you will not be able to access the method 'getImportantData()' created in DataOne");
        Data data =  dataHolder.getData();
    }

}

(注意,这里的程序结构是:你在启动应用程序之前选择数据的类型,存储在main方法中的&#34; flag&#34;变量之后。之后,调用DataHolder方法在那之后,你可以检查返回的对象并检查它是否是你之前指定的。如果你想要它有点复杂,你可以在DataHolder的构造函数中传递对象类型,并且从那里检查,我只是为了简单而不想这样做。祝你好运。