在tilemaps中点击检测
我正在开发一款Mario游戏，并且需要有关如何为tilemap创建点击检测的帮助和建议。
目前，玩家可以走路/跳过街区。 我现在添加了一个固定的探测器到地面，我希望用常规命中探测器取代它。
我知道每个街区和玩家有四个方面。只有一些块需要命中检测，你可能需要知道的一些事情是玩家在98％的时间内保持在300px（屏幕中间）。
唯一移动的是地图
地图是从.txt文件渲染的，呈现方式如下：
for(int y=0;y<map.length;y++) {
for(int x=0;x<map[y].length;x++) {
int index = map[y][x];
int yOffset = 0;
if(index>(tileSheet.getWidth() / Engine.TILE_WIDTH) -1) {
yOffset++;
index = index - (tileSheet.getWidth() / Engine.TILE_WIDTH);
}
g.drawImage(tileSheet,
((x * Engine.TILE_WIDTH)*scale)+position,
((y * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT)*scale),
(((x * Engine.TILE_WIDTH) + Engine.TILE_WIDTH )*scale)+position,
(((y * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT) + Engine.TILE_HEIGHT)*scale),
index * Engine.TILE_WIDTH,
yOffset * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT,
(index * Engine.TILE_WIDTH) + Engine.TILE_WIDTH,
(yOffset * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT) + Engine.TILE_HEIGHT,
null
);
}
}
//This code is actually longer(included file later on)
对于多色瓷砖，颜色命中检测太慢且不一致
由于地图正在移动，我想我需要用它移动命中检测框。至于选择它应该检测的盒子可能很困难。也许最好不要使用代码检测某些瓷砖。
我的尝试以混淆代码而告终。任何人都可以建议实施命中检测的最简单方法吗？ （记住我跳了）。
重要代码如下：
Board.java（绘制所有内容的面板）
package EvilMario; //Include this class in the EvilMario game package
import java.awt.*; //Imported to allow use of Image
import java.awt.event.*; //Imported to allow use of ActionListener
import javax.swing.*; //Import swing
public class Board extends JPanel implements ActionListener { //Class Board
private TileLayer l; //Instance of TileLayer class
private Menu m; //Instance of menu class
private Player p; //Instance of player class
Timer time; //A timer
public static enum STATE {MENU,GAME}; //The game states
public static STATE State = STATE.MENU; //Set the first state to menu
//END
//GLOBAL
//DECLARATIONS
public Board() {
l = TileLayer.FromFile("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/map.txt"); //Tile map data from .txt file
this.addMouseListener(new MouseInput()); //Listen for mouse input
this.addKeyListener(new AL()); //Listen for key input
p = new Player(); //Start running Player class
m = new Menu(); //Start running Menu class
setFocusable(true); //Allows movement
time = new Timer(20,this); //Timer set to update "this" class every 20 milliseconds(Approximately 50fps)
time.start(); //Actually start the timer
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
p.move(); //Call the move method from the player class
repaint(); //Repaint
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { //Graphics method
super.paintComponent(g); //Super hero?
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g; //Cast 2D graphics
if(State==STATE.GAME) {
if(p.distanceTraveled<300)l.DrawLayer(g,0);else l.DrawLayer(g, -(p.distanceTraveled-300)); //Draw the tile map
g2d.drawImage(p.getImage(), p.getX(), p.getY(), 48, 48, null); //Draw the player
if(p.distanceTraveled==3488) System.out.println("You have won the game!"); //Draw the end game screen
} else {
m.render(g); //Render the menu
}
}
private class AL extends KeyAdapter { //Action Listener extends key adapter
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { //On key press
p.keyPressed(e); //Send whatever key was pressed TO the keyPressed method in the player class
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { //On key release
p.keyReleased(e); //Send whatever key was released TO the keyReleased method in the player class
}
}
}
Player.java（玩家逻辑）
package EvilMario; //Include this class in the EvilMario game package
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
public class Player {
int x, dx, y, distanceTraveled; //x coordinate,change in x coordinate,y coordinate,1st rep bg,2nd rep bg,dist traveled
Image player; //The player variable
ImageIcon walk_L_anim = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/walk_L_anim.gif");
ImageIcon walk_L_idle = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/walk_L_idle.png");
ImageIcon walk_R_anim = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/walk_R_anim.gif");
ImageIcon walk_R_idle = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/walk_R_idle.png");
ImageIcon jump_L_anim = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/jump_L_anim.gif");
ImageIcon jump_L_idle = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/jump_L_idle.png");
ImageIcon jump_R_anim = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/jump_R_anim.gif");
ImageIcon jump_R_idle = new ImageIcon("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/animatedMario/jump_R_idle.png");
boolean holdingLeft = false;
boolean holdingRight = false;
static boolean jumping = false;
static boolean falling = false;
static int jumpingTime = 350;
public Player() {
player = walk_R_idle.getImage(); //Give the player the image
x = 75; //The original x position of the player
y = 277; //The original y position of the player
distanceTraveled = 75; //Original distance traveled
}
public void move() {
if(x>=0 && x<=300) { //If the player is within the moving area
x = x+dx; //The x position is updated to become itself+the amount you moved
}
if(x<0) //If the player has reached he very left side of the screen(0px)
x=0; //Move him up a pixel so he can move again
if(x>300) //If the player has reached the center of the screen(300px)
x=300; //Move him down a pixel so he can move again
distanceTraveled=distanceTraveled+dx; //Calculate distanceTraveled
if(distanceTraveled<0) //Make sure distanceTraveled isn't a negative
distanceTraveled=0; //Make sure distanceTraveled isn't a negative
if(distanceTraveled>=300) //Keep player at center position once past 300 mario meters
x=300; //Keep player at center position once past 300 mario meters
if(holdingLeft && !holdingRight) {
if(distanceTraveled<300)dx=-5; else dx=-4;
if(jumping && !falling) {
player = jump_L_anim.getImage();
y-=8;
} else {
player = walk_L_anim.getImage();
if(y<277)
y+=8;
}
} else if(holdingRight && !holdingLeft) {
if(distanceTraveled<300)dx=5; else dx=4;
if(jumping && !falling) {
player = jump_R_anim.getImage();
y-=8;
} else {
player = walk_R_anim.getImage();
if(y<277)
y+=8;
}
} else if(!holdingRight && !holdingLeft) {
dx = 0;
if(jumping && !falling) {
player = jump_R_anim.getImage();
y-=8;
} else {
if(y<277)
y+=8;
}
}
if(y==277) {
falling = false;
}
System.out.println("LEFT: "+holdingLeft+" JUMP: "+jumping+" RIGHT: "+holdingRight+" FALLING: "+falling+" Y: "+y);
}
public int getX() { return x; } //This method will return the x. Is used by other classes
public int getY() { return y; } //This method will return the y. Is used by other classes
public Image getImage() { return player; } //This method will return the player. Is used by other classes
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { //Called from the board class, the argument is whatever key was pressed
int key = e.getKeyCode(); //The key originally sent from the board class
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT && !holdingLeft)
holdingLeft = true;
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT && !holdingRight)
holdingRight = true;
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_UP && !jumping && !falling)
new Thread(new JumpThread(this)).start();
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { //Called from the board class, the argument is whatever key was released
int key = e.getKeyCode(); //The key originally sent from the board class
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { //If the left or right key was released
dx = 0; //Stop moving
holdingLeft = false;
player = walk_L_idle.getImage();
}
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
dx = 0;
holdingRight = false;
player = walk_R_idle.getImage();
}
}
}
TileLayer.java（图块层的渲染）（可能是与问题相关的最重要的部分）
package EvilMario; //Include this class in the EvilMario game package
import java.awt.Graphics; //
public class TileLayer {
private int[][] map; //2D array
private BufferedImage tileSheet; //The tile sheet
public TileLayer(int[][] existingMap) { //
map = new int[existingMap.length][existingMap[0].length]; //map initialized
for(int y=0;y<map.length;y++) { //Loop through all boxes
for(int x=0;x<map[y].length;y++) { //Loop through all boxes
map[y][x] = existingMap[y][x]; //Update the map
}
}
tileSheet = LoadTileSheet("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/tilemap.gif"); //Load the tilesheet
}
public TileLayer(int width, int height) {
map = new int[height][width];
}
public static TileLayer FromFile(String fileName) {
TileLayer layer = null;
ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> tempLayout = new ArrayList<>();
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName))) {
String currentLine;
while((currentLine = br.readLine()) !=null) {
if(currentLine.isEmpty())
continue;
ArrayList<Integer> row = new ArrayList<>();
String[] values = currentLine.trim().split(" ");
for(String string: values) {
if(!string.isEmpty()) {
int id = Integer.parseInt(string);
row.add(id);
}
}
tempLayout.add(row);
}
} catch(IOException e) {
System.out.println("ERROR");
}
int width = tempLayout.get(0).size();
int height = tempLayout.size();
layer = new TileLayer(width,height);
for(int y=0;y<height;y++) {
for(int x=0;x<width;x++) {
layer.map[y][x] = tempLayout.get(y).get(x);
}
}
layer.tileSheet = layer.LoadTileSheet("D:/ICS3U1/EvilMario/images/tilemap.gif");
return layer;
}
public BufferedImage LoadTileSheet(String fileName) {
BufferedImage img = null;
try {
img = ImageIO.read(new File(fileName));
} catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println("Could not load image");
}
return img;
}
int scale = 2;
public void DrawLayer(Graphics g, int position) {
for(int y=0;y<map.length;y++) {
for(int x=0;x<map[y].length;x++) {
int index = map[y][x];
int yOffset = 0;
if(index>(tileSheet.getWidth() / Engine.TILE_WIDTH) -1) {
yOffset++;
index = index - (tileSheet.getWidth() / Engine.TILE_WIDTH);
}
g.drawImage(tileSheet,
((x * Engine.TILE_WIDTH)*scale)+position,
((y * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT)*scale),
(((x * Engine.TILE_WIDTH) + Engine.TILE_WIDTH )*scale)+position,
(((y * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT) + Engine.TILE_HEIGHT)*scale),
index * Engine.TILE_WIDTH,
yOffset * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT,
(index * Engine.TILE_WIDTH) + Engine.TILE_WIDTH,
(yOffset * Engine.TILE_HEIGHT) + Engine.TILE_HEIGHT,
null
);
}
}
}
}
Engine.java（不重要）（磁贴大小的简单变量）
package EvilMario;
public class Engine {
public static final int TILE_WIDTH = 16;
public static final int TILE_HEIGHT = 16;
}
如果您需要其他代码，请询问它们。我不是要求你给我一个问题的具体答案，而只是一个可以使用我的代码的方法。
- 虽然具体答案很好：）
我也相信这个问题的答案对其他人有用，因为这个方法在一个流行的java 2d游戏教程视频中解释过（他们从未显示过命中检测）。
我试过的方法：
创建一个名为HitDetectionLayer的新java文件，其中包含TileLayer.java中存储数组中位置的确切代码。它失败了:(
1 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：1)
好吧，我不完全确定你在做什么，如果你抛出一些图像就会更清楚。
无论如何，＆＃39;点击检测＆＃39; aka碰撞检测是一个非常复杂的主题，但它取决于你想做什么。如果你想要一切都是盒子或圆圈，那就很容易了。但是，如果你想要旋转东西或想要复杂形状的碰撞，那就太难了。
大多数游戏都使用圆圈或球体进行碰撞。你放置了大部分的图形（它可能不适合将图像的一部分留在圆圈中或从圆圈中移出，但它的生命）。现在让我们说你有你的马里奥雪碧和其中一只乌龟。好吧，你们周围都有圈子，一旦圈子碰到你就触发你的活动。
这方面的数学计算非常简单，因为圆圈定义为围绕恒定长度的周长。看看这个：
你可能已经知道了这一点，这看起来很明显，但是如果你想一想，这就是圆圈的真正含义：在每个方向都是一致的长度。方向以度为单位进行测量，然后从那里开始进行三角测量，但您不需要这样做。你需要的是协调aka矢量。所以看看这个：
确定圆碰撞所需的只是圆之间的距离。无论圆圈从哪个角度碰撞都无关紧要，因为距离圆圈中心的距离始终是一致的。即使圆圈大小不同，也没关系，只考虑半径差异。
太计算所有这些，你会写一个像这样的方法：
public boolean testDistanceBetween( float radius1, float radius2,
float x1, float x2, float y1, float y2 ){
double distanceBetween = Math.sqrt((x1-x2)*(x1-x2) + (y1-y2)*(y1-y2));
if(distanceBetween < (radius1+radius2) ){
return true;
}
return false;
}
这个故事的寓意是圈子就是那么好。如果你想进行矩形碰撞，你可以选择左下角和右上角，然后测试其他矩形是否位于这些点之间。这应该是非常简单的，每个点都是一个向量，每个矩形有4个点。如果一个矩形的4个点中的任何一个点位于另一个矩形的点之间，则存在碰撞。
您也可以使用此系统处理地面和墙壁。例如，如果地面是Y = 300，那么如果你的精灵协调是== 300，你就会暂停你的重力。
我想要解释的主要问题是，如果你打算有旋转的矩形或多边形，你想要检测它们上的碰撞...祝你好运。可以这样做，但你应该明白你正在实施复杂的物理学，特别是当你/如果你实施重力时。
所以我的回答是谨慎的：没有简单的方法来检测旋转矩形或多边形的碰撞。圆和静态矩形是限制。如果你真的想做旋转矩形/多边形得到一个物理引擎。 Box2d非常好，有一个Java版本的Jbox2d。
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