我使用插入符号构建模型。培训结束后,我收到了以下警告:
警告讯息: 在train.default(x,y,weights = w,...)中: 至少有一个类级别不是有效的R变量名称;如果生成类概率,这可能会导致错误,因为变量名称将转换为:X0,X1
变量的名称是:
str(train)
'data.frame': 7395 obs. of 30 variables:
$ alchemy_category : Factor w/ 13 levels "arts_entertainment",..: 2 8 6 6 11 6 1 6 3 8 ...
$ alchemy_category_score : num 3737 2052 4801 3816 3179 ...
$ avglinksize : num 2.06 3.68 2.38 1.54 2.68 ...
$ commonlinkratio_1 : num 0.676 0.508 0.562 0.4 0.5 ...
$ commonlinkratio_2 : num 0.206 0.289 0.322 0.1 0.222 ...
$ commonlinkratio_3 : num 0.0471 0.2139 0.1202 0.0167 0.1235 ...
$ commonlinkratio_4 : num 0.0235 0.1444 0.0426 0 0.0432 ...
$ compression_ratio : num 0.444 0.469 0.525 0.481 0.446 ...
$ embed_ratio : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
$ frameTagRatio : num 0.0908 0.0987 0.0724 0.0959 0.0249 ...
$ hasDomainLink : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ html_ratio : num 0.246 0.203 0.226 0.266 0.229 ...
$ image_ratio : num 0.00388 0.08865 0.12054 0.03534 0.05047 ...
$ is_news : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 ...
$ lengthyLinkDomain : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 ...
$ linkwordscore : num 24 40 55 24 14 12 21 5 17 14 ...
$ news_front_page : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ non_markup_alphanum_characters: num 5424 4973 2240 2737 12032 ...
$ numberOfLinks : num 170 187 258 120 162 55 93 132 194 326 ...
$ numwords_in_url : num 8 9 11 5 10 3 3 4 7 4 ...
$ parametrizedLinkRatio : num 0.1529 0.1818 0.1667 0.0417 0.0988 ...
$ spelling_errors_ratio : num 0.0791 0.1254 0.0576 0.1009 0.0826 ...
$ label : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 ...
$ isVideo : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 ...
$ isFashion : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 ...
$ isFood : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
$ hasComments : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 ...
$ hasGoogleAnalytics : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 ...
$ hasInlineCSS : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 ...
$ noOfMetaTags : num 10 12 6 10 13 2 6 6 9 5 ...
我的代码如下:
ctrl <- trainControl(method = "CV",
number=10,
classProbs = TRUE,
allowParallel = TRUE,
summaryFunction = twoClassSummary)
set.seed(476)
rfFit <- train(formula,
data=train,
method = "rf",
tuneGrid = expand.grid(.mtry = seq(4,20,by=2)),
ntrees=1000,
importance = TRUE,
metric = "ROC",
trControl = ctrl)
pred <- predict.train(rfFit, newdata = test, type = "prob")
我收到错误: [.data.frame
出错(out,,obsLevels,drop = FALSE):
选择了未定义的列
测试数据集上的变量名称为:
str(test)
'data.frame': 3171 obs. of 29 variables:
$ alchemy_category : Factor w/ 13 levels "arts_entertainment",..: 8 4 12 4 10 12 12 8 1 2 ...
$ alchemy_category_score : num 5307 4825 1 6708 5416 ...
$ avglinksize : num 2.56 3.77 2.27 2.52 1.85 ...
$ commonlinkratio_1 : num 0.39 0.462 0.496 0.706 0.471 ...
$ commonlinkratio_2 : num 0.257 0.205 0.385 0.346 0.161 ...
$ commonlinkratio_3 : num 0.0441 0.0513 0.1709 0.123 0.0323 ...
$ commonlinkratio_4 : num 0.0221 0 0.1709 0.0906 0 ...
$ compression_ratio : num 0.49 0.782 1.25 0.449 0.454 ...
$ embed_ratio : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
$ frameTagRatio : num 0.0671 0.0429 0.0588 0.0581 0.093 ...
$ hasDomainLink : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ html_ratio : num 0.23 0.366 0.162 0.147 0.244 ...
$ image_ratio : num 0.19944 0.08 10 0.00596 0.03571 ...
$ is_news : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 ...
$ lengthyLinkDomain : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 ...
$ linkwordscore : num 15 62 42 41 34 35 15 22 41 7 ...
$ news_front_page : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
$ non_markup_alphanum_characters: num 5643 382 2420 5559 2209 ...
$ numberOfLinks : num 136 39 117 309 155 266 55 145 110 1 ...
$ numwords_in_url : num 3 2 1 10 10 7 1 9 5 0 ...
$ parametrizedLinkRatio : num 0.2426 0.1282 0.5812 0.0388 0.0968 ...
$ spelling_errors_ratio : num 0.0806 0.1765 0.125 0.0631 0.0653 ...
$ isVideo : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 ...
$ isFashion : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ...
$ isFood : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
$ hasComments : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 ...
$ hasGoogleAnalytics : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 ...
$ hasInlineCSS : Factor w/ 2 levels "0","1": 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 ...
$ noOfMetaTags : num 3 6 5 9 16 22 6 9 7 0 ...
如果我省略了类型=&#34; prob&#34;部分,我没有错误。
有什么想法吗?
可能是变量的长度&#34; alchemy_category&#34;其附加有相应的因子水平,例如&#34; alchemy_categoryarts_entertainment&#34;在模型里面?
答案 0 :(得分:39)
答案在帖子顶部以粗体显示=]
你在做什么?是alchemy_category
吗?代码只显示formula
,我们无法看到它。
当您要求类概率时,模型预测是一个数据框,每个类/级别都有单独的列。如果alchemy_category
没有有效列名的级别,则data.frame
会转换为有效名称。这会产生问题,因为代码正在查找特定名称,但数据框是一个不同(但有效)的名称。
例如,如果我有
> test <- factor(c("level1", "level 2"))
> levels(test)
[1] "level 2" "level1"
> make.names(levels(test))
[1] "level.2" "level1"
代码将寻找“级别2”,但只有“level.2”。
答案 1 :(得分:15)
如上所述,类值必须是因子,并且必须是有效名称。确保这一点的另一种方法是,
levels(all.dat$target) <- make.names(levels(factor(all.dat$target)))
答案 2 :(得分:10)
我在面对类似的问题时已经阅读了上述答案。一个正式的解决方案是在列车和测试数据集上执行此操作。确保在feature.names中也包含响应变量。
feature.names=names(train)
for (f in feature.names) {
if (class(train[[f]])=="factor") {
levels <- unique(c(train[[f]]))
train[[f]] <- factor(train[[f]],
labels=make.names(levels))
}
}
这为所有因素创建了语法正确的标签。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
正如@Sam Firke已在评论中指出(但我忽略了它)等级TRUE / FALSE也不起作用。所以我将它们转换为是/否。