我正在阅读有关虚拟析构函数和虚函数的说明。现在,当我尝试编写一个简单的代码来验证我的学习时,
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Base{
public:
Base (){
cout << "Constructing base" <<endl;
}
void doSomething (){
cout << "inside void " << endl;
}
~Base (){
cout << "Destructing base" << endl;
}
};
class Derived : public Base{
public:
Derived(){
cout << "Constructing derived" << endl;
}
void doSomething (){
cout << "inside derived void " << endl;
}
~Derived(){
cout << "Destructing derived" << endl;
}
};
int main(){
Derived *d = new Derived();
d->doSomething();
delete d;
}
我不应该期望这样的输出:
Constructing base
Constructing derived
inside void
Destructing base
因为我没有将virtual关键字用于派生和基础的析构函数?您能否根据此示例解释虚函数和虚拟析构函数?
我得到了这个输出:
Constructing base
Constructing derived
inside derived void
Destructing derived
Destructing base
我很困惑。
我在Ubuntu 12.04中使用g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) 4.6.3
。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您获得了正确的输出。
Derived *d = new Derived();
d->doSomething();
它正在调用Derived类成员函数。要使运行时函数调用分派机制起作用,您需要使用virtual
关键字限定成员函数。你也应该写 -
Base *d = new Derived();
在上述情况下,d
的静态类型与动态类型不同。因此,派生类成员函数将在运行时调用。此外,在这种情况下,Base
类析构函数应为virtual
。