Question

我正在尝试获取一个看起来像这样的xml文件，以便我可以将其导入moodle成绩簿：

<results>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我曾尝试在python中编写一些代码，在仔细阅读文档后，我能想到的最好的是：

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET

students = [1,2]
assignments=[100,101,102]
scores=[0,4,10]
results = ET.Element("results")
result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):
        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])
        results.append(result)
tree = ET.ElementTree(results)
tree.write('test.xml')

这几乎给了我想要的东西，但最后一个条目似乎覆盖了所有以前的条目，如下所示：

<results>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我试图找到一个解决方案，但似乎大多数问题只是编写一个包含不同元素的xml文件。我无法弄清楚的是如何使用相同的元素标签，但为每个标签分配不同的值。

Answer 1

您需要移动这些行

result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

到for循环内部。否则，您只是一遍又一遍地添加相同的result。

Answer 2

你需要做两件事：

将建议的行Eli移至for循环中。
从for循环中删除行results.append(result)。 SubElement工厂将第一个参数作为父元素（如您所知）并且将新创建的实例附加到 家长。因此你不需要再次追加它（你不会得到它任何错误，但你会得到一组不同的结果你指定了。）。

你的循环应该如下：

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):

        result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
        student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
        assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
        score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])

通过迭代列表，使用python创建XML文件

2 个答案: