课程:我真的不了解他们

时间:2013-03-10 13:20:31

标签: python python-2.7

我目前正在阅读“如何像计算机科学家那样思考”一书

现在我从书中得到了这段代码

class Card:
    suitList = ["Clubs", "Diamonds", "Hearts", "Spades"]
    rankList = ["narf", "Ace", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7",
                "8", "9", "10", "Jack", "Queen", "King"]

    def __init__(self, suit=0, rank=0):
        self.suit = suit
        self.rank = rank

    def __str__(self):
        return (self.rankList[self.rank] + " of " + self.suitList[self.suit])

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        #check the suits
        if self.suit > other.suit: return 1
        if self.suit < other.suit: return -1
        #suits are the same... check ranks
        if self.rank > other.rank: return 1
        if self.rank < other.rank: return -1
        #ranks are the same... it's a tie
        return 0    

class Deck:
    def __init__(self):
        self.cards = []
        for suit in range(4):
            for rank in range(1, 14):   
                self.cards.append(Card(suit, rank))

    def printDeck(self):
        for card in self.cards:
            print card

    def __str__(self):
        s = ""
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            s = s + " "*i +str(self.cards[i]) + "\n"
        return s

    def shuffle(self):
        import random
        nCards = len(self.cards)
        for i in range(nCards):
            j = random.randrange(i, nCards)
            self.cards[i], self.cards[j] = self.cards[j], self.cards[i]

    def removeCard(self, card):
        if card in self.cards:
            self.cards.remove(card)
            return 1
        else:
            return 0

    def popCard(self):
        return self.cards.pop()

    def isEmpty(self):
        return (len(self.cards) == 0)

    def deal(self, hands, nCards=999):
        nHands = len(hands)
        for i in range(nCards):
            if self.isEmpty(): break
            card = self.popCard()
            hand = hands[i % nHands]
            hand.addCard(card)

class Hand(Deck):
    def __init__(self, name=""):
        self.cards = []
        self.name = name

    def addCard(self,card):
        self.cards.append(card)

    def __str__(self):
        s = "Hand " + self.name
        if self.isEmpty():
            return s + "is empty\n"
        else:
            return s + " contains\n" + Deck.__str__(self)

class CardGame:
    def __init__(self):
        self.deck = Deck
        self.deck.shuffle()

deck = Deck()
deck.shuffle()
hand = Hand("frank")
deck.deal([hand], 5)
print hand     

现在我理解了自己的位,但我不明白

self.deck.shuffle()

来自于__init__函数中的原因。我需要的是对课程和日常用途的一个很好的解释,它将向我解释。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

__init__函数执行名称所暗示的操作:初始化类的实例。

一个类是cookie切割器,因为对象是cookie:它是创建内存中实例并与之交互的蓝图。

什么是适合的课程和对象?它们将数据和功能封装在一起。

计算机科学中的每种语言都试图帮助您完成一件事:管理复杂性。它封装了细节并将其隐藏在用户之外,因此他们只需要考虑该类如何映射到他们的真实生活体验中,以便有效地使用它。

这是另一个想法:不使用类。 Python是面向对象和函数式编程的很好的混合体。如果您不理解类,请在没有它​​们的情况下编写Python。继续学习直到你看到灯光,然后开始将它们融入你的设计中。