我编写了这个程序来比较使用选择和冒泡排序对随机数进行排序所需的操作数。但是,这些数字不断变化,我无法弄清楚代码出错的地方。
static int num_comps;
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Random rnd = new Random();
// max size of array
// number of N inputs
int array_size = 32768;
int num_datasets = 12;
// allocate array once to the max size
int[] vals = new int[array_size];
// temp array with allocated array to max size
int[] tvals = new int[array_size];
// array to hold operation counts
int[] op_counts = new int[num_datasets];
int[] op_counts2 = new int[num_datasets];
// array to hold the size of each array
//
int[] arraySizes = new int[num_datasets];
int i;
int j;
int sz;
for (i = 0, sz = 16; i < num_datasets; i++, sz *= 2)
arraySizes[i] = sz;
for (int iter = 0; iter < num_datasets; iter++)
{
int curr_size = arraySizes[iter];
// load array with random values
//
for (i = 0; i < curr_size; i++)
vals[i] = rnd.nextInt(4999);
for (i = 0; i < curr_size; i++)
tvals[i] = vals[i];
// run the bubble sort algorithm
//
num_comps = 0;
bubbleSort(tvals, curr_size);
op_counts[iter] = num_comps;
//System.out.println("Num comps at " + iter + " is " + num_comps);
// run the selection-sort algorithm
num_comps = 0;
selectionSort(tvals, curr_size);
op_counts2[iter] = num_comps;
//System.out.println("Num comps at " + iter + " is " + num_comps);
}
System.out.println("Operation Counts (N vs. op Count): ");
for (int k = 0; k < num_datasets; k++)
System.out.println(arraySizes[k] + "\t\t" + op_counts[k] + "\t\t" + op_counts2[k]);
}
static void bubbleSort(int vals[], int curr_size)
{
int temp;
for (int i = 0; i < curr_size - 1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < curr_size - i - 1; j++)
{
// swap
num_comps = num_comps + 1;
if (vals[j+1] < vals[j])
{
temp = vals[j];
vals[j] = vals[j+1];
vals[j+1] = temp;
}
}
}
}
static void selectionSort(int vals[], int curr_size)
{
int temp;
for(int i=0; i<curr_size - 1; i++)
{
for(int j=i+1; j<curr_size; j++)
{
num_comps = num_comps + 1;
if(vals[i] > vals[j] )
{
temp = vals[j];
vals[j] = vals[i];
vals[i] = temp;
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您的selection sort算法不会搜索列表中的最低值。然后用外循环的索引交换它。
你应该这样做:
static void selectionSort(int vals[], int curr_size)
{
int temp;
for(int i=0; i<curr_size - 1; i++)
{
int lowest = i;
for(int j=i+1; j<curr_size; j++)
{
num_comps = num_comps + 1;
if(vals[lowest] > vals[j] )
{
lowest = j;
}
}
// swap lowest with current index
temp = vals[lowest];
vals[lowest] = vals[i];
vals[i] = temp;
}
}
(当然这可以进一步优化) 这个算法的强度不是比较的数量,而是交换量(我认为这是最小的)。
您的bubble sort算法对我来说似乎没问题。
两者都有相同的两个循环,因此比较当前实现的计数确实会产生相同的值。但是,我认为你可以优化冒泡排序,提前停止(当没有发现掉期时)。同样,排序算法的强度取决于所使用的算法,并且不一定是最少量的比较。因此,为您的特定任务使用正确的算法,从而规避任务特定的高成本操作,这很重要!