以编程方式生成SQL代码

时间:2012-08-27 10:40:42

标签: c# sql .net sql-server tsql

我通过右键单击数据库,通过任务菜单中的生成脚本手动生成脚本。

现在我的问题是通过c#代码生成该脚本......

我的问题是

  1. 是否可以通过c#代码生成?

  2. 给我一​​些提示以便完成?

  3. 等待您宝贵的建议和命令。

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

正如已经提到过的,你使用SMO来做这个,这是一个使用C#来编写数据库脚本的例子,我提到了一些选项,但是正如它在@David Brabant的帖子中,你可以指定值很多选择。

public string ScriptDatabase()
{
      var sb = new StringBuilder();

      var server = new Server(@"ServerName");
      var databse = server.Databases["DatabaseName"];

      var scripter = new Scripter(server);
      scripter.Options.ScriptDrops = false;
      scripter.Options.WithDependencies = true;
      scripter.Options.IncludeHeaders = true;
      //And so on ....


      var smoObjects = new Urn[1];
      foreach (Table t in databse.Tables)
      {
          smoObjects[0] = t.Urn;
          if (t.IsSystemObject == false)
          {
              StringCollection sc = scripter.Script(smoObjects);

              foreach (var st in sc)
              {
                  sb.Append(st);
              }
           }
       }
            return sb.ToString();
 }

这个link可以帮助您获取和编写存储过程脚本

答案 1 :(得分:5)

您可以使用sql smo基本实现SQL Server企业管理器中的所有可用功能。有一个很好的教程here

修改:在PowerShell中使用SMO的示例

function SQL-Script-Database
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Script all database objects for the given database.

    .DESCRIPTION
    This  function scripts all database objects  (i.e.: tables,  views, stored
    procedures,  and user defined functions) for the specified database on the
    the given server\instance. It creates a subdirectory per object type under 
    the path specified.

    .PARAMETER savePath
    The root path where to save object definitions.

    .PARAMETER database
    The database to script (default = $global:DatabaseName)

    .PARAMETER DatabaseServer 
    The database server to be used (default: $global:DatabaseServer).

    .PARAMETER InstanceName 
    The instance name to be used (default: $global:InstanceName).

    .EXAMPLE
    SQL-Script-Database c:\temp AOIDB
    #>

    param (
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string] $savePath,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false)][string] $database = $global:DatabaseName,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false)][string] $DatabaseServer = $global:DatabaseServer,
        [parameter(Mandatory = $false)][string] $InstanceName = $global:InstanceName
    )

    try
    {
        if (!$DatabaseServer -or !$InstanceName)
            { throw "`$DatabaseServer or `$InstanceName variable is not properly initialized" }

        $ServerInstance = SQL-Get-Server-Instance $DatabaseServer $InstanceName

        [System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO") | Out-Null

        $s = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server($ServerInstance)
        $db = $s.databases[$database]

        $objects = $db.Tables
        $objects += $db.Views
        $objects += $db.StoredProcedures
        $objects += $db.UserDefinedFunctions

        $scripter = New-Object ('Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Scripter') ($s)

        $scripter.Options.AnsiFile = $true
        $scripter.Options.IncludeHeaders = $false
        $scripter.Options.ScriptOwner = $false
        $scripter.Options.AppendToFile = $false
        $scripter.Options.AllowSystemobjects = $false
        $scripter.Options.ScriptDrops = $false
        $scripter.Options.WithDependencies = $false
        $scripter.Options.SchemaQualify = $false
        $scripter.Options.SchemaQualifyForeignKeysReferences = $false
        $scripter.Options.ScriptBatchTerminator = $false

        $scripter.Options.Indexes = $true
        $scripter.Options.ClusteredIndexes = $true
        $scripter.Options.NonClusteredIndexes = $true
        $scripter.Options.NoCollation = $true

        $scripter.Options.DriAll = $true
        $scripter.Options.DriIncludeSystemNames = $false

        $scripter.Options.ToFileOnly = $true
        $scripter.Options.Permissions = $true

        foreach ($o in $objects | where {!($_.IsSystemObject)}) 
        {
            $typeFolder=$o.GetType().Name 

            if (!(Test-Path -Path "$savepath\$typeFolder")) 
                { New-Item -Type Directory -name "$typeFolder"-path "$savePath" | Out-Null }

            $file = $o -replace "\[|\]"
            $file = $file.Replace("dbo.", "")

            $scripter.Options.FileName = "$savePath\$typeFolder\$file.sql"
            $scripter.Script($o)
        }
    }

    catch
    {
        Util-Log-Error "`t`t$($MyInvocation.InvocationName): $_"
    }
}

答案 2 :(得分:3)

基于@Sami答案

我创建了这个简单函数,它将为您的数据库生成所有脚本(表,视图,存储过程,用户和UserDefinedFunctions)

首先:Get Required Assemblies

  

C:\ Program Files \ Microsoft SQL Server \ 100 \ SDK \ Assemblies是   正确的文件夹位置(或C:\ Program Files(x86)\ Microsoft SQL   64位系统上的Server \ 100 \ SDK \ Assemblies)。

您需要添加对以下内容的引用:

Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll

Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll

Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll

Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll

第二:使用此功能

  public static string ScriptDatabase() 
{
    // For Me Server is ".\SQLExpress" You may have changed
    Server myServer = new Server(@".\SQLExpress");
    Scripter scripter = new Scripter(myServer);

    //Databas1 is your database Name Thats Changable

    Database myAdventureWorks = myServer.Databases["MyDBName"];
    /* With ScriptingOptions you can specify different scripting  
    * options, for example to include IF NOT EXISTS, DROP  
    * statements, output location etc*/
    ScriptingOptions scriptOptions = new ScriptingOptions();
    scriptOptions.ScriptDrops = true;
   // scriptOptions.ScriptData = true;
    scriptOptions.ScriptSchema = true;


    scriptOptions.IncludeIfNotExists = true;
    string scrs = "";
    string tbScr = "";
    foreach (Table myTable in myAdventureWorks.Tables)
    {
        /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for tables */
        StringCollection tableScripts = myTable.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";

        /* Generating CREATE TABLE command */
        tableScripts = myTable.Script();
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            tbScr += script + "\n\n";
    }


    foreach (StoredProcedure mySP in myAdventureWorks.StoredProcedures)
    {
        /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for StoredProcedures */
        StringCollection tableScripts = mySP.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";

        /* Generating CREATE StoredProcedure command */
        tableScripts = mySP.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            tbScr += script + "\n\n";
    }

    foreach (View myView in myAdventureWorks.Views)
    {
        /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for Views */
        StringCollection tableScripts = myView.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";

        /* Generating CREATE Views command */
        tableScripts = myView.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            tbScr += script+"\n\n";
    }


    foreach (Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.User user in myAdventureWorks.Users)
    {
        /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for Users */
        StringCollection tableScripts = user.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script+"\n\n";

        /* Generating CREATE Users command */
        tableScripts = user.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";
    }



    foreach (Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.UserDefinedFunction userF in myAdventureWorks.UserDefinedFunctions)
    {
        /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for UserDefinedFunctions */
        StringCollection tableScripts = userF.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";

        /* Generating CREATE UserDefinedFunction command */
        tableScripts = userF.Script(scriptOptions);
        foreach (string script in tableScripts)
            scrs += script + "\n\n";
    } 

    // For WinForms
    return (scrs + "\n\n" + tbScr);
    //For Console
    //Console.WriteLine(scrs + "\n\n" + tbScr);
}

答案 3 :(得分:2)

我刚刚使用上面的答案编写了一个命令行程序,用于在c#中执行此操作 我想我会在上面的答案上稍微扩展一下。

如果要输出数据以及需要使用的模式:

scripter.EnumScript(something);
//instead of 
scripter.Script(something);

脚本方法只是检查IncludeData选项并在设置时抛出异常,但是你必须在google上找出正确使用的方法!有趣的API设计!

数据库中的相关列表如下:

        database.Tables
        database.Schemas
        database.Views
        database.StoredProcedures
        database.UserDefinedFunctions
        database.Users
        database.Roles
        database.Sequences

虽然这可能并不详尽。

摆脱系统对象

这些对象中的列表都是IEnumerable but not IEnumerable<T>的自定义类型,因此您无法对它们执行linq。这也意味着你必须找出它们中的类型并使用foreach的隐式转换来将它们取出。我以前从未在c#中使用过它,但我猜这些东西可能是针对框架2的。

他们中的很多人也有名为IsSystemObject的属性,但这并没有实现接口。起初,看起来摆脱所有系统对象真的很痛苦,但是你可以通过设置以下选项一次性剔除它们:

options.AllowSystemObjects = false;

除了角色之外的所有内容都适用于那些必须手动执行系统操作的人:

        foreach (DatabaseRole role in database.Roles)
        {
            if(role.IsFixedRole)
                continue;

            list.Add(role);
        }

添加输出对象

我使用的过程是创建 UrnCollection ,然后将不同的列表添加到集合中。像这样:

        var list = new UrnCollection();

        foreach (Schema schema in database.Schemas)
            list.Add(schema.Urn);
        //... more of these

        scripter.EnumScript(list);

选项

从那里你需要弄清楚要设置什么选项来重新创建你需要的输出。需要注意的一些事项:

  • 索引,触发器,约束等由选项设置,不作为第一类对象处理。
  • 在SSMS的用户界面中,您根本无法生成序列,因此如果您使用这些序列,至少需要输出一些差异

有关如何获取外键等的更多信息,请参阅this post

健康警告

我开始将此视为复制数据库的一种方式,因为我认为备份和恢复不会做我想要的。经过很长一段路程并遇到很多问题后,我进行了一些重新评估并找到了backup and restore is a lot simpler for that use case

答案 4 :(得分:1)

希望它可以指导你和即将到来的人。

您必须在项目中添加以下四个引用,以包含以下必需的命名空间

添加参考

  1. 在解决方案资源管理器中右键单击您的项目,然后选择添加引用
  2. 单击上方菜单中的“浏览”
  3. 并按照以下说明选择4个dll文件
  4. Reference Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll

    命名空间

    using System.Data.SqlClient;
    using System.Collections.Specialized;
    using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;
    

    现在在任何功能或按钮点击事件中使用以下代码

            // For Me Server is ".\SQLExpress" You may have changed
            Server myServer = new Server(@".\SQLExpress");
            Scripter scripter = new Scripter(myServer);
    
            //Databas1 is your database Name Thats Changable
    
            Database myAdventureWorks = myServer.Databases["Database1"];
            /* With ScriptingOptions you can specify different scripting  
            * options, for example to include IF NOT EXISTS, DROP  
            * statements, output location etc*/
            ScriptingOptions scriptOptions = new ScriptingOptions();
            scriptOptions.ScriptDrops = true;
            scriptOptions.IncludeIfNotExists = true;
            string scrs = "";
            string tbScr = "";
            foreach (Table myTable in myAdventureWorks.Tables)
            {
                /* Generating IF EXISTS and DROP command for tables */
                StringCollection tableScripts = myTable.Script(scriptOptions);
                foreach (string script in tableScripts)
                    scrs += script;
    
                /* Generating CREATE TABLE command */
                tableScripts = myTable.Script();
                foreach (string script in tableScripts)
                    tbScr += script;
            }
            // For WinForms
            MessageBox.Show(scrs + "\n\n" + tbScr);
            //For Console
            //Console.WriteLine(scrs + "\n\n" + tbScr);
    

    它涉及http://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/1833/generate-scripts-for-database-objects-with-smo-for-sql-server/答案(上文)David Brabant和上面的SO链接

    使用代码块2。现在你也可以使用其他人

    我找不到myserver,但在上面的代码中也解决了。