渲染第三人称3D
我的第三个人漂浮在空中，相机应缩小：
这是程序
package adventure;
import java.applet.Applet;
import com.jme3.math.Quaternion;
import com.jme3.math.FastMath;
import java.applet.AudioClip;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import com.jme3.material.RenderState.FaceCullMode;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import com.jme3.animation.AnimChannel;
import com.jme3.animation.AnimControl;
import com.jme3.animation.AnimEventListener;
import com.jme3.animation.LoopMode;
import com.jme3.app.SimpleApplication;
import com.jme3.asset.BlenderKey;
import com.jme3.bullet.BulletAppState;
import com.jme3.bullet.PhysicsSpace;
import com.jme3.bullet.collision.PhysicsCollisionEvent;
import com.jme3.bullet.collision.PhysicsCollisionListener;
import com.jme3.bullet.collision.shapes.CapsuleCollisionShape;
import com.jme3.bullet.collision.shapes.SphereCollisionShape;
import com.jme3.bullet.control.CharacterControl;
import com.jme3.bullet.control.RigidBodyControl;
import com.jme3.bullet.util.CollisionShapeFactory;
import com.jme3.effect.ParticleEmitter;
import com.jme3.effect.ParticleMesh.Type;
import com.jme3.effect.shapes.EmitterSphereShape;
import com.jme3.input.ChaseCamera;
import com.jme3.input.KeyInput;
import com.jme3.input.controls.ActionListener;
import com.jme3.input.controls.KeyTrigger;
import com.jme3.light.DirectionalLight;
import com.jme3.material.Material;
import com.jme3.math.ColorRGBA;
import com.jme3.math.Vector2f;
import com.jme3.math.Vector3f;
import com.jme3.post.FilterPostProcessor;
import com.jme3.post.filters.BloomFilter;
import com.jme3.renderer.Camera;
import com.jme3.renderer.queue.RenderQueue.ShadowMode;
import com.jme3.scene.Geometry;
import com.jme3.scene.Node;
import com.jme3.scene.Spatial;
import com.jme3.scene.shape.Box;
import com.jme3.scene.shape.Sphere;
import com.jme3.scene.shape.Sphere.TextureMode;
import com.jme3.system.AppSettings;
import com.jme3.system.JmeCanvasContext;
import com.jme3.terrain.geomipmap.TerrainLodControl;
import com.jme3.terrain.geomipmap.TerrainQuad;
import com.jme3.terrain.heightmap.AbstractHeightMap;
import com.jme3.terrain.heightmap.ImageBasedHeightMap;
import com.jme3.texture.Texture;
import com.jme3.texture.Texture.WrapMode;
import com.jme3.util.SkyFactory;
public class MountainWorld extends SimpleApplication implements ActionListener,
PhysicsCollisionListener, AnimEventListener, Playable {
private static World world;
private static Person person;
private static Player dplayer;
private static TextArea textarea;
private BulletAppState bulletAppState;
private AnimChannel channel;
private AnimControl control;
// character
CharacterControl character;
Node model;
// temp vectors
Vector3f walkDirection = new Vector3f();
// terrain
TerrainQuad terrain;
RigidBodyControl terrainPhysicsNode;
// Materials
Material matRock;
Material matBullet;
// animation
AnimChannel animationChannel;
AnimChannel shootingChannel;
AnimControl animationControl;
float airTime = 0;
// camera
boolean left = false, right = false, up = false, down = false;
ChaseCamera chaseCam;
// bullet
Sphere bullet;
SphereCollisionShape bulletCollisionShape;
// explosion
ParticleEmitter effect;
// brick wall
Box brick;
float bLength = 0.8f;
float bWidth = 0.4f;
float bHeight = 0.4f;
FilterPostProcessor fpp;
public static void main(String[] args) {
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
AppSettings settings = new AppSettings(true);
settings.setWidth(850);
settings.setHeight(440);
MountainWorld canvasApplication = new MountainWorld();
canvasApplication.setSettings(settings);
canvasApplication.createCanvas(); // create canvas!
JmeCanvasContext ctx = (JmeCanvasContext) canvasApplication
.getContext();
ctx.setSystemListener(canvasApplication);
Dimension dim = new Dimension(640, 480);
ctx.getCanvas().setPreferredSize(dim);
JFrame window = new JFrame("Mountain World");
window.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); // a panel
world = new DungeonWorld(canvasApplication);
person = new Person(world, "You", null);
dplayer = new Player(world, person);
Commands commands = new Commands(person);
textarea = new TextArea("", 10, 60,
TextArea.SCROLLBARS_VERTICAL_ONLY);
textarea.append("You are in a mountain. The trolls live here.\n");
textarea.setEditable(false);
panel.add("West", ctx.getCanvas());
panel.add("East", commands);
panel.add("South", textarea);
window.add(panel);
window.pack();
window.setVisible(true);
canvasApplication.startCanvas();
}
});
}
@Override
public void simpleInitApp() {
bulletAppState = new BulletAppState();
bulletAppState.setThreadingType(BulletAppState.ThreadingType.PARALLEL);
stateManager.attach(bulletAppState);
setupKeys();
prepareBullet();
prepareEffect();
createLight();
createSky();
createTerrain();
createWall();
createCharacters();
setupChaseCamera();
setupAnimationController();
setupFilter();
}
private void setupFilter() {
FilterPostProcessor fpp = new FilterPostProcessor(assetManager);
BloomFilter bloom = new BloomFilter(BloomFilter.GlowMode.Objects);
fpp.addFilter(bloom);
viewPort.addProcessor(fpp);
}
private PhysicsSpace getPhysicsSpace() {
return bulletAppState.getPhysicsSpace();
}
private void setupKeys() {
inputManager.addMapping("wireframe", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_T));
inputManager.addListener(this, "wireframe");
inputManager.addMapping("CharLeft", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_A));
inputManager.addMapping("CharRight", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_D));
inputManager.addMapping("CharUp", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_W));
inputManager.addMapping("CharDown", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_S));
inputManager.addMapping("CharSpace",
new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_RETURN));
inputManager
.addMapping("CharShoot", new KeyTrigger(KeyInput.KEY_SPACE));
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharLeft");
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharRight");
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharUp");
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharDown");
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharSpace");
inputManager.addListener(this, "CharShoot");
}
private void createWall() {
float xOff = -144;
float zOff = -40;
float startpt = bLength / 4 - xOff;
float height = 6.1f;
brick = new Box(Vector3f.ZERO, bLength, bHeight, bWidth);
brick.scaleTextureCoordinates(new Vector2f(1f, .5f));
for (int j = 0; j < 15; j++) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
Vector3f vt = new Vector3f(i * bLength * 2 + startpt, bHeight
+ height, zOff);
addBrick(vt);
}
startpt = -startpt;
height += 1.01f * bHeight;
}
}
private void addBrick(Vector3f ori) {
Geometry reBoxg = new Geometry("brick", brick);
reBoxg.setMaterial(matBullet);
reBoxg.setLocalTranslation(ori);
reBoxg.addControl(new RigidBodyControl(1.5f));
reBoxg.setShadowMode(ShadowMode.CastAndReceive);
this.rootNode.attachChild(reBoxg);
this.getPhysicsSpace().add(reBoxg);
}
private void prepareBullet() {
bullet = new Sphere(32, 32, 0.4f, true, false);
bullet.setTextureMode(TextureMode.Projected);
bulletCollisionShape = new SphereCollisionShape(0.4f);
matBullet = new Material(getAssetManager(),
"Common/MatDefs/Misc/Unshaded.j3md");
matBullet.setColor("Color", ColorRGBA.Green);
// matBullet.setColor("m_GlowColor", ColorRGBA.Green);
getPhysicsSpace().addCollisionListener(this);
}
private void prepareEffect() {
int COUNT_FACTOR = 1;
float COUNT_FACTOR_F = 1f;
effect = new ParticleEmitter("Flame", Type.Triangle, 32 * COUNT_FACTOR);
effect.setSelectRandomImage(true);
effect.setStartColor(new ColorRGBA(1f, 0.4f, 0.05f,
(float) (1f / COUNT_FACTOR_F)));
effect.setEndColor(new ColorRGBA(.4f, .22f, .12f, 0f));
effect.setStartSize(1.3f);
effect.setEndSize(2f);
effect.setShape(new EmitterSphereShape(Vector3f.ZERO, 1f));
effect.setParticlesPerSec(0);
effect.setGravity(0, -5, 0);
effect.setLowLife(.4f);
effect.setHighLife(.5f);
effect.setInitialVelocity(new Vector3f(0, 7, 0));
effect.setVelocityVariation(1f);
effect.setImagesX(2);
effect.setImagesY(2);
Material mat = new Material(assetManager,
"Common/MatDefs/Misc/Particle.j3md");
mat.setTexture("Texture",
assetManager.loadTexture("Effects/Explosion/flame.png"));
effect.setMaterial(mat);
// effect.setLocalScale(100);
rootNode.attachChild(effect);
}
private void createLight() {
Vector3f direction = new Vector3f(-0.1f, -0.7f, -1).normalizeLocal();
DirectionalLight dl = new DirectionalLight();
dl.setDirection(direction);
dl.setColor(new ColorRGBA(1f, 1f, 1f, 1.0f));
rootNode.addLight(dl);
}
private void createSky() {
rootNode.attachChild(SkyFactory.createSky(assetManager,
"Textures/Sky/Bright/BrightSky.dds", false));
}
private void createTerrain() {
matRock = new Material(assetManager,
"Common/MatDefs/Terrain/TerrainLighting.j3md");
matRock.setBoolean("useTriPlanarMapping", false);
matRock.setBoolean("WardIso", true);
matRock.setTexture("AlphaMap",
assetManager.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/alphamap.png"));
Texture heightMapImage = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/mountains512.png");
Texture grass = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/grass.jpg");
grass.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
matRock.setTexture("DiffuseMap", grass);
matRock.setFloat("DiffuseMap_0_scale", 64);
Texture dirt = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/dirt.jpg");
dirt.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
matRock.setTexture("DiffuseMap_1", dirt);
matRock.setFloat("DiffuseMap_1_scale", 16);
Texture rock = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/road.jpg");
rock.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
matRock.setTexture("DiffuseMap_2", rock);
matRock.setFloat("DiffuseMap_2_scale", 128);
Texture normalMap0 = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/grass_normal.jpg");
normalMap0.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
Texture normalMap1 = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/dirt_normal.png");
normalMap1.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
Texture normalMap2 = assetManager
.loadTexture("Textures/Terrain/splat/road_normal.png");
normalMap2.setWrap(WrapMode.Repeat);
matRock.setTexture("NormalMap", normalMap0);
matRock.setTexture("NormalMap_1", normalMap2);
matRock.setTexture("NormalMap_2", normalMap2);
AbstractHeightMap heightmap = null;
try {
heightmap = new ImageBasedHeightMap(heightMapImage.getImage(),
0.25f);
heightmap.load();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
terrain = new TerrainQuad("terrain", 65, 513, heightmap.getHeightMap());
List<Camera> cameras = new ArrayList<Camera>();
cameras.add(getCamera());
TerrainLodControl control = new TerrainLodControl(terrain, cameras);
terrain.addControl(control);
terrain.setMaterial(matRock);
terrain.setLocalScale(new Vector3f(2, 2, 2));
terrainPhysicsNode = new RigidBodyControl(
CollisionShapeFactory.createMeshShape(terrain), 0);
terrain.addControl(terrainPhysicsNode);
rootNode.attachChild(terrain);
getPhysicsSpace().add(terrainPhysicsNode);
}
private void createCharacters() {
CapsuleCollisionShape capsule = new CapsuleCollisionShape(3f, 4f);
character = new CharacterControl(capsule, 0.01f);
model = (Node) assetManager.loadModel("Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml");
model.setLocalScale(0.15f);
//ninja.setViewDirection( new Vector3f( 1, 0, 1 ) );
//model.rotate(0.0f, -3.0f, 0.0f);
model.addControl(character);
character.setPhysicsLocation(new Vector3f(-140f, 9.9f, -9f));
character.setViewDirection(new Vector3f(1, 0, 0));
rootNode.attachChild(model);
getPhysicsSpace().add(character);
//BlenderKey blenderKey = new BlenderKey(
// "objects/creatures/alien/alien.mesh.xml");
//Node alien = (Node) assetManager.loadModel(blenderKey);
//alien.setLocalTranslation(new Vector3f(-145, 21, -10));
//rootNode.attachChild(alien);
BlenderKey blenderKey2 = new BlenderKey(
"objects/creatures/minotaur/minotaur.mesh.xml");
Spatial man = (Spatial) assetManager.loadModel(blenderKey2);
man.setLocalTranslation(new Vector3f(-140, 15, -10));
rootNode.attachChild(man);
}
private void setupChaseCamera() {
flyCam.setEnabled(false);
chaseCam = new ChaseCamera(cam, model, inputManager);
}
private void setupAnimationController() {
animationControl = model.getControl(AnimControl.class);
animationControl.addListener(this);
animationChannel = animationControl.createChannel();
//shootingChannel = animationControl.createChannel();
//shootingChannel.addBone(animationControl.getSkeleton().getBone(
// "uparm.right"));
//shootingChannel.addBone(animationControl.getSkeleton().getBone(
// "arm.right"));
//shootingChannel.addBone(animationControl.getSkeleton().getBone(
// "hand.right"));
}
@Override
public void simpleUpdate(float tpf) {
Vector3f camDir = cam.getDirection().clone().multLocal(0.1f);
Vector3f camLeft = cam.getLeft().clone().multLocal(0.1f);
camDir.y = 0;
camLeft.y = 0;
walkDirection.set(0, 0, 0);
if (left) {
walkDirection.addLocal(camLeft);
}
if (right) {
walkDirection.addLocal(camLeft.negate());
}
if (up) {
walkDirection.addLocal(camDir);
}
if (down) {
walkDirection.addLocal(camDir.negate());
}
if (!character.onGround()) {
airTime = airTime + tpf;
} else {
airTime = 0;
}
if (walkDirection.length() == 0) {
if (!"Idle1".equals(animationChannel.getAnimationName())) {
animationChannel.setAnim("Idle1", 1f);
}
} else {
character.setViewDirection(walkDirection);
if (airTime > .3f) {
if (!"stand".equals(animationChannel.getAnimationName())) {
animationChannel.setAnim("stand");
}
} else if (!"Walk".equals(animationChannel.getAnimationName())) {
animationChannel.setAnim("Walk", 0.7f);
}
}
character.setWalkDirection(walkDirection);
}
public void onAction(String binding, boolean value, float tpf) {
if (binding.equals("CharLeft")) {
if (value) {
left = true;
} else {
left = false;
}
} else if (binding.equals("CharRight")) {
if (value) {
right = true;
} else {
right = false;
}
} else if (binding.equals("CharUp")) {
if (value) {
up = true;
} else {
up = false;
}
} else if (binding.equals("CharDown")) {
if (value) {
down = true;
} else {
down = false;
}
} else if (binding.equals("CharSpace")) {
character.jump();
} else if (binding.equals("CharShoot") && !value) {
bulletControl();
}
}
private void bulletControl() {
shootingChannel.setAnim("Dodge", 0.1f);
shootingChannel.setLoopMode(LoopMode.DontLoop);
Geometry bulletg = new Geometry("bullet", bullet);
bulletg.setMaterial(matBullet);
bulletg.setShadowMode(ShadowMode.CastAndReceive);
bulletg.setLocalTranslation(character.getPhysicsLocation().add(
cam.getDirection().mult(5)));
RigidBodyControl bulletControl = new BombControl(bulletCollisionShape,
1);
bulletControl.setCcdMotionThreshold(0.1f);
bulletControl.setLinearVelocity(cam.getDirection().mult(80));
bulletg.addControl(bulletControl);
rootNode.attachChild(bulletg);
getPhysicsSpace().add(bulletControl);
}
public void collision(PhysicsCollisionEvent event) {
if (event.getObjectA() instanceof BombControl) {
final Spatial node = event.getNodeA();
effect.killAllParticles();
effect.setLocalTranslation(node.getLocalTranslation());
effect.emitAllParticles();
} else if (event.getObjectB() instanceof BombControl) {
final Spatial node = event.getNodeB();
effect.killAllParticles();
effect.setLocalTranslation(node.getLocalTranslation());
effect.emitAllParticles();
}
}
public void onAnimCycleDone(AnimControl control, AnimChannel channel,
String animName) {
if (channel == shootingChannel) {
channel.setAnim("stand");
}
}
public void onAnimChange(AnimControl control, AnimChannel channel,
String animName) {
}
// Load an image from the net, making sure it has already been
// loaded when the method returns
public Image loadPicture(String imageName) {
return null;
}
// Load and play a sound from /usr/local/hacks/sounds/
public void playSound(String name) {
URL u = null;
try {
u = new URL("file:" + "/usr/local/hacks/sounds/" + name + ".au");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
}
AudioClip a = Applet.newAudioClip(u);
a.play();
}
}
我希望绿人留在地上，但我似乎无法将物理位置改为合适。你有什么主意吗？我接受了这个程序，只是将角色从oto转换为忍者： http://code.google.com/p/jmonkeyengine/source/browse/trunk/engine/src/test/jme3test/bullet/TestWalkingChar.java
你知道如何让相机缩小以显示整个绿色人物并改变绿色人物的位置，使他在地上吗？
我注意到我可以用这个
更改主char的位置 character.setPhysicsLocation(new Vector3f(-140f, 9.9f, -9f));
但是当我放入较低的y坐标时，主角落在地面上，然后漂浮在天空中，就像他穿过地面时最终落在了所有东西的顶部。我可以完美地运行Oto的例子，它将主要的char更改为ninja，这对我不起作用。
更新
当使用setlocaltranslation代替setphysicallocation时，我的主要字符位于空中：
更新2
缩放主要字符后：
model.scale(0.25f);
如答案所示，渲染效果要好得多：
更新2
经过一些操作之后，它看起来更像我想要的方式：
private void createCharacters() {
CapsuleCollisionShape capsule = new CapsuleCollisionShape(3f, 4f);
character = new CharacterControl(capsule, 0.01f);
model = (Node) assetManager.loadModel("Models/Ninja/Ninja.mesh.xml");
model.setLocalScale(0.15f);
// ninja.setViewDirection( new Vector3f( 1, 0, 1 ) );
// model.rotate(0.0f, -3.0f, 0.0f);
float scale = 0.25f;
model.scale(scale, scale, scale);
model.addControl(character);
character.setPhysicsLocation(new Vector3f(-141f, 10.5f, -9f));
model.setShadowMode(ShadowMode.CastAndReceive);
// model.setLocalTranslation(0, 50, 0);
character.setViewDirection(new Vector3f(1, 0, 0));
rootNode.attachChild(model);
getPhysicsSpace().add(character);
// BlenderKey blenderKey = new BlenderKey(
// "objects/creatures/alien/alien.mesh.xml");
// Node alien = (Node) assetManager.loadModel(blenderKey);
// alien.setLocalTranslation(new Vector3f(-145, 21, -10));
// rootNode.attachChild(alien);
BlenderKey blenderKey2 = new BlenderKey("Models/Oto/Oto.mesh.xml");
Spatial man = (Spatial) assetManager.loadModel(blenderKey2);
man.setLocalTranslation(new Vector3f(-140, 10, -10));
// man.setShadowMode(ShadowMode.CastAndReceive);
rootNode.attachChild(man);
}
1 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我怀疑有三件事可能让你的角色看起来像是在盘旋：
- 你的角色在徘徊。在这种情况下，您需要使用
character.setLocalTranslation(0, -20, 0)来调整角色所在的位置（可能需要将-20调整为其他负数） - 你的角色的尺度与地面的尺度相比太大（听起来这是你想要修复的问题）。要解决此问题，您需要使用
character.scale(.25)（其中.25可以调整为适合您的任何数字 - 地面上没有阴影。这真的将你的角色与地面联系起来，让人感觉它们以某种方式连接在一起。为此，您可能希望对所有地形对象使用
object.setShadowMode(RenderQueue.ShadowMode.Receive)，并在角色对象上使用character.setShadowMode(RenderQueue.ShadowMode.CastAndReceive)。
JMonkeyEngine javadoc是非常好的 - 如果你还没有我建议你去寻找帮助你找出你的引擎能力。 http://jmonkeyengine.org/javadoc/index.html
相关问题
最新问题
- 我写了这段代码，但我无法理解我的错误
- 我无法从一个代码实例的列表中删除 None 值，但我可以在另一个实例中。为什么它适用于一个细分市场而不适用于另一个细分市场？
- 是否有可能使 loadstring 不可能等于打印？卢阿
- java中的random.expovariate()
- Appscript 通过会议在 Google 日历中发送电子邮件和创建活动
- 为什么我的 Onclick 箭头功能在 React 中不起作用？
- 在此代码中是否有使用“this”的替代方法？
- 在 SQL Server 和 PostgreSQL 上查询，我如何从第一个表获得第二个表的可视化
- 每千个数字得到
- 更新了城市边界 KML 文件的来源？