Question

以下代码是我模拟彩票的尝试。

import random

def lottery(numbers):
    lottoNumbers = [randint('0,100') for count in range(3)]

    if numbers == lottoNumbers:
        print('YOU WIN $10,000')
    else:
        print('YOU LOSE,DUN DUN DUNNN!')
    return numbers


def main():
    numbers = int(input('Enter a number: '))
    if numbers == lottoNumbers:
        numbers = lottery(numbers)
    else:
        numbers = lottery(numbers)




main()

嘿伙计们，在你给我的帮助下，我已经走到了尽头。我试图编写代码，以便随机选择3个乐透号码。然后用户必须输入他/她自己的乐透号码中的3个。如果他们得到所有3个正确，那么他们赢得整个奖项，如果他们得到3个数字但没有按照正确的顺序他们赢得一些奖品。显然，如果他们猜错了那么一份印刷声明会说明这一点。我感到困惑的是如何编写代码，以便用户可以输入3个数字来尝试匹配随机抽奖号码。我还想在用户输入他/她的选择后打印3个彩票号码。有什么想法吗？

感谢大家的帮助。

Answer 1

你似乎对函数中参数的作用有点困惑。你已经说过你的randm函数接受参数“number”，但是你实际上并没有在任何地方使用它。下一次显示数字时，您已为其分配了一个全新的值，因此传递给randm的任何值实际上都没有被使用。

此外，当函数内未分配x时，该函数正在尝试返回x。你已经有一个名为x的全局变量已经被定义，在这种情况下，函数将只返回该变量，或者函数将失败，因为它找不到变量x。

这是我做过的一个快速示例，您将三个数字作为列表作为函数的参数传递。

import random

theirNumbers=[5,24,67]

def checkNumbers(theirNumbers):
    lottoNumbers = []
    for count in range(3)
            lottoNumbers.append(random.randint(0,100))
    winning = True
    for number in theirNumbers:
    if not each in lottoNumbers: winning=False
    if winning == True: print("Winner!")

Answer 2

您的实施存在一些问题，仅举几例：

如果您尝试将函数randm的输出与x进行比较，则需要在函数中包含返回值，如下所示：

def randm():
    return return_value

您似乎正在打印所有值但未存储它们，最后您将只得到最后一个，您应该尝试将它们存储在如下列表中：

list_name = [randint(0,100) for x in range(x)]

这会在列表中生成randint(0,100) x次，这样您以后就可以访问所有值。

要尽可能接近您尝试的代码修复代码，我会这样做：

import random

def randm(user_numbers):
    number = []
    for count in range(3):
        number.append(random.randint(0, 100))
    print(number)
    return user_numbers == number

if randm(x):
    print('WINNER')

如果您正在寻找一种非常pythonic的方式来完成这项任务，你可能想尝试这样的事情：

from random import randint

def doLotto(numbers):
    # make the lotto number list
    lottoNumbers = [randint(0,100) for x in range(len(numbers))]

    # check to see if the numbers were equal to the lotto numbers
    if numbers == lottoNumbers:
        print("You are WinRar!")
    else:
        print("You Lose!")

我假设您正在使用python 3.x +

从您的代码（具体是print（））

Answer 3

尝试发布您的整个代码。还要注意发布时的缩进，看起来你的函数定义是空的。

我会这样做：

import random

def lottery():
  win = True
  for i in range(3):
    guess = random.randint(1,100)
    if int(raw_input("Please enter a number...")) != guess:
      win = False
      break

  return win

Answer 4

这样做只需几步即可完成。在编写代码时你应该学习的第一件事是让单独的代码片段（函数或对象）完成不同的工作。

首先让创建功能来进行抽奖：

def makeLottery(slotCount, maxNumber):
    return tuple(random.randint(1,maxNumber) for slot in range(slotCount))

接下来让create function询问用户的猜测：

def askGuess(slotCount, maxNumber):
    print("take a guess, write {count} numbers separated by space from 1 to {max}".format(count = self.slotCount, max = self.maxNumber))
    while True: #we will ask user until he enter sumething suitable
        userInput = raw_input()
        try:
            numbers = parseGuess(userInput,slotCount,maxNumber)
        except ValueError as err:
            print("please ensure your are entering integer decimal numbers separated by space")
        except GuessError as err:
            if err.wrongCount: print("please enter exactly {count} numbers".format(count = slotCount))
            if err.notInRange: print("all number must be in range from 1 to {max}".format(max = maxNumber))

        return numbers

这里我们使用另一个函数和自定义异常类，让我们创建它们：

def parseGuess(userInput, slotCount,maxNumber):
    numbers = tuple(map(int,userInput.split()))
    if len(numbers) != slotCount : raise GuessError(wrongCount = True)
    for number in numbers:
        if not 1 <= number <= maxNumber : raise GuessError(notInRange = True)
    return numbers

class GuessError(Exception):
    def __init__(self,wrongCount = False, notInRange = False):
        super(GuessError,self).__init__()
        self.wrongCount = wrongCount
        self.notInRange = notInRange

最后用于检查解决方案，如果他将赢得比赛，请与用户保持联系：

def checkGuess(lottery,userGuess):
    if lottery == userGuess : print "BINGO!!!!"
    else : print "Sorry, you lost"

正如您所看到的，这里有许多功能使用通用数据。所以它应该建议你在单个类中收集整个代码，让我们这样做：

class Lottery(object):
    def __init__(self, slotCount, maxNumber):
        self.slotCount = slotCount
        self.maxNumber = maxNumber
        self.lottery = tuple(random.randint(1,maxNumber) for slot in range(slotCount))

    def askGuess(self):
        print("take a guess, write {count} numbers separated by space from 1 to {max}".format(count = self.slotCount, max = self.maxNumber))
        while True: #we will ask user until he enter sumething suitable
            userInput = raw_input()
            try:
                numbers = self.parseGuess(userInput)
            except ValueError as err:
                print("please ensure your are entering integer decimal numbers separated by space")
                continue
            except GuessError as err:
                if err.wrongCount: print("please enter exactly {count} numbers".format(count = self.slotCount))
                if err.notInRange: print("all number must be in range from 1 to {max}".format(max = self.maxNumber))
                continue

            return numbers

    def parseGuess(self,userInput):
        numbers = tuple(map(int,userInput.split()))
        if len(numbers) != self.slotCount : raise GuessError(wrongCount = True)
        for number in numbers:
            if not 1 <= number <= self.maxNumber : raise GuessError(notInRange = True)
        return numbers

    def askAndCheck(self):
        userGuess = self.askGuess()
        if self.lottery == userGuess : print "BINGO!!!!"
        else : print "Sorry, you lost"

最后让我们检查它的工作原理：

>>> lottery = Lottery(3,100)
>>> lottery.askAndCheck()
take a guess, write 3 numbers separated by space from 1 to 100
3
please enter exactly 3 numbers
1 10 1000
all number must be in range from 1 to 100
1 .123  asd
please ensure your are entering integer decimal numbers separated by space
1 2 3
Sorry, you lost
>>> lottery = Lottery(5,1)
>>> lottery.askAndCheck()
take a guess, write 5 numbers separated by space from 1 to 1
1 1 1 1 1
BINGO!!!!

在python中使用random.randint帮助

4 个答案: