我只是轰炸了一次采访,并在我的采访问题上取得了很大的进展。任何人都可以让我知道如何做到这一点?我尝试在网上搜索但找不到任何东西:
给定一个数字,找到具有完全相同的下一个更高的数字 一组数字作为原始数字。例如:给出38276返回 38627
我想首先找到小于一位数的第一个数字(从右边)的索引。然后我会旋转子集中的最后一个数字,使得它是由相同数字组成的下一个最大数字,但是卡住了。
采访者还建议尝试一次交换数字,但我无法弄清楚算法,只是盯着屏幕看了20-30分钟。毋庸置疑,我想我将不得不继续寻找工作。
编辑:为了它的价值,我被邀请参加下一轮的采访
答案 0 :(得分:264)
你可以在O(n)
(其中n
是位数)这样做:
从右侧开始,您会找到第一对数字,使左数字小于右数字。我们用“digit-x”来表示左边的数字。找到digit-x右侧大于digit-x的最小数字,并将其放在digit-x的左侧。最后,按升序对剩余的数字进行排序 - 因为它们已经在降序顺序中,所有您需要做的就是将它们反转(除了数字x,它可以放在正确的位置)放在O(n)
)。
一个例子可以说明这一点:
123456784987654321 start with a number 123456784 987654321 ^the first place from the right where the left-digit is less than the right Digit "x" is 4 123456784 987654321 ^find the smallest digit larger than 4 to the right 123456785 4 98764321 ^place it to the left of 4 123456785 4 12346789 123456785123446789 ^sort the digits to the right of 5. Since all of them except the '4' were already in descending order, all we need to do is reverse their order, and find the correct place for the '4'
正确性证明:
让我们用大写字母来定义数字字符串和小写字母。语法AB
表示“字符串A
和B
”的串联。 <
是词典排序,当数字串长度相等时,它与整数排序相同。
我们的原始数字N的格式为AxB
,其中x
为单个数字,B
按降序排序。
我们的算法找到的数字是AyC
,其中y ∈ B
是最小的数字> x
(由于选择x
的方式,它必须存在,见上文) ,C
按升序排序。
假设有一些数字(使用相同的数字)N'
,AxB < N' < AyC
。 N'
必须以A
开头,否则它们不能介于它们之间,因此我们可以AzD
的形式编写它。现在我们的不等式为AxB < AzD < AyC
,相当于xB < zD < yC
,其中所有三个数字字符串包含相同的数字。
为了实现这一点,我们必须x <= z <= y
。由于y
是最小的数字> x
,z
不能介于它们之间,因此z = x
或z = y
都是z = x
。说xB < xD < yC
。然后,我们的不等式为B < D
,这意味着B
D
和B < D
的数字相同。但是,B按降序排序,因此 没有字符串,这些数字大于它。因此,我们不能拥有z = y
。按照相同的步骤,我们看到如果D < C
,我们就不能拥有N'
。
因此{{1}}不存在,这意味着我们的算法正确找到了下一个最大的数字。
答案 1 :(得分:91)
一个几乎完全相同的问题出现在Code Jam问题上,并且在这里有一个解决方案:
http://code.google.com/codejam/contest/dashboard?c=186264#s=a&a=1
以下是使用示例的方法摘要:
34722641
一个。将数字序列分成两部分,以便右部分尽可能长,同时保持递减顺序:
34722 641
(如果整个号码按降序排列,则没有添加数字就没有更大的数字。)
B.1。选择第一个序列的最后一位数字:
3472(2) 641
B.2。找到第二个序列中比它大的最小数字:
3472(2) 6(4)1
B.3。交换它们:
3472(2) 6(4)1
->
3472(4) 6(2)1
->
34724 621
℃。将第二个序列按递增顺序排序:
34724 126
d。完成!
34724126
答案 2 :(得分:14)
这是Python中的紧凑(但部分强力)解决方案
def findnext(ii): return min(v for v in (int("".join(x)) for x in
itertools.permutations(str(ii))) if v>ii)
在C ++中,您可以进行如下排列:https://stackoverflow.com/a/9243091/1149664(它与itertools中的算法相同)
以下是Weeble和BlueRaja描述的最佳答案的实施,(其他答案)。我怀疑还有什么更好的。
def findnext(ii):
iis=list(map(int,str(ii)))
for i in reversed(range(len(iis))):
if i == 0: return ii
if iis[i] > iis[i-1] :
break
left,right=iis[:i],iis[i:]
for k in reversed(range(len(right))):
if right[k]>left[-1]:
right[k],left[-1]=left[-1],right[k]
break
return int("".join(map(str,(left+sorted(right)))))
答案 3 :(得分:7)
至少,这里有一些基于蛮力的基于字符串的解决方案,您应该能够直接提出问题:
38276
排序的数字列表为23678
38627
排序的数字列表为23678
强力增量,排序和比较
沿着蛮力解决方案将转换为String 并使用这些数字强制所有可能的数字。
从中创建所有内容,将它们放入列表并对其进行排序, 获取目标条目后的下一个条目。
如果你花了30分钟,并且至少没有提出至少蛮力的方法,我也不会雇用你。
在商业世界中,一个不优雅,缓慢而笨重但完成工作的解决方案总是比没有解决方案更有价值,事实上几乎描述了所有商业软件,不优雅,缓慢而笨重。
答案 4 :(得分:5)
function foo(num){
sortOld = num.toString().split("").sort().join('');
do{
num++;
sortNew = num.toString().split("").sort().join('');
}while(sortNew!==sortOld);
return num;
}
答案 5 :(得分:4)
你的想法
实际上,我想首先找到小于一位数的第一个数字(从右边)的索引。然后我会旋转子集中的最后一个数字,使得它是由相同数字组成的下一个最大数字,但是卡住了。
非常好。您不仅要考虑最后一位数字,还要考虑比目前考虑的重要性更低的所有数字。因为在达到之前,我们有一个单调的数字序列,这是最右边的数字小于它的右邻居。方面
1234675
^
具有相同数字的下一个较大数字是
1234756
找到的数字被交换为最后一位数 - 最小的数字 - 其余数字按递增顺序排列。
答案 6 :(得分:3)
我很确定你的面试官试图轻轻推动你这样的事情:
local number = 564321;
function split(str)
local t = {};
for i = 1, string.len(str) do
table.insert(t, str.sub(str,i,i));
end
return t;
end
local res = number;
local i = 1;
while number >= res do
local t = split(tostring(res));
if i == 1 then
i = #t;
end
t[i], t[i-1] = t[i-1], t[i];
i = i - 1;
res = tonumber(table.concat(t));
end
print(res);
不一定是最有效或最优雅的解决方案,但它解决了两个周期中提供的示例,并像他建议的那样一次交换一个数字。
答案 7 :(得分:3)
这是一个非常有趣的问题。
这是我的java版本。在我检查其他贡献者的评论之前,花点时间花3个小时搞清楚模式以完全完成代码。很高兴看到我的想法与其他人完全相同。
O(n)溶液。老实说,如果时间只有15分钟,并且需要在白板上完成代码完成,我将在本次采访中失败。
以下是我的解决方案的一些有趣点:
我在我的代码中添加了详细注释,并在每一步中添加了Big O.
public int findNextBiggestNumber(int input ) {
//take 1358642 as input for example.
//Step 1: split the whole number to a list for individual digital 1358642->[2,4,6,8,5,3,1]
// this step is O(n)
int digitalLevel=input;
List<Integer> orgNumbersList=new ArrayList<Integer>() ;
do {
Integer nInt = new Integer(digitalLevel % 10);
orgNumbersList.add(nInt);
digitalLevel=(int) (digitalLevel/10 ) ;
} while( digitalLevel >0) ;
int len= orgNumbersList.size();
int [] orgNumbers=new int[len] ;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
orgNumbers[i ] = orgNumbersList.get(i).intValue();
}
//step 2 find the first digital less than the digital right to it
// this step is O(n)
int firstLessPointer=1;
while(firstLessPointer<len&&(orgNumbers[firstLessPointer]>orgNumbers[ firstLessPointer-1 ])){
firstLessPointer++;
}
if(firstLessPointer==len-1&&orgNumbers[len-1]>=orgNumbers[len-2]){
//all number is in sorted order like 4321, no answer for it, return original
return input;
}
//when step 2 step finished, firstLessPointer pointing to number 5
//step 3 fristLessPointer found, need to find to first number less than it from low digital in the number
//This step is O(n)
int justBiggerPointer= 0 ;
while(justBiggerPointer<firstLessPointer&& orgNumbers[justBiggerPointer]<orgNumbers[firstLessPointer]){
justBiggerPointer++;
}
//when step 3 finished, justBiggerPointer pointing to 6
//step 4 swap the elements of justBiggerPointer and firstLessPointer .
// This is O(1) operation for swap
int tmp= orgNumbers[firstLessPointer] ;
orgNumbers[firstLessPointer]= orgNumbers[justBiggerPointer] ;
orgNumbers[justBiggerPointer]=tmp ;
// when step 4 finished, the list looks like [2,4,5,8,6,3,1] the digital in the list before
// firstLessPointer is already sorted in our previous operation
// we can return result from this list but in a differrent way
int result=0;
int i=0;
int lowPointer=firstLessPointer;
//the following pick number from list from the position just before firstLessPointer, here is 8 -> 5 -> 4 -> 2
//This Operation is O(n)
while(lowPointer>0) {
result+= orgNumbers[--lowPointer]* Math.pow(10,i);
i++;
}
//the following pick number from list from position firstLessPointer
//This Operation is O(n)
while(firstLessPointer<len) {
result+= orgNumbers[firstLessPointer++ ]* Math.pow(10,i);
i++;
}
return result;
}
这是在Intellj中运行的结果:
959879532-->959892357
1358642-->1362458
1234567-->1234576
77654321-->77654321
38276-->38627
47-->74
答案 8 :(得分:2)
取一个数字并将其拆分成数字。因此,如果我们有一个5位数字,我们有5位数:abcde
现在交换d和e并与原始数字进行比较,如果它更大,你有答案。
如果不大,则交换e和c。现在进行比较,如果它是较小的交换d和e(注意递归),取最小值。
继续直到找到更大的数字。对于递归,它应该计算为大约9行方案,或20#c#。
答案 9 :(得分:2)
@ BlueRaja算法的javascript实现。
var Bar = function(num){
num = num.toString();
var max = 0;
for(var i=num.length-2; i>0; i--){
var numArray = num.substr(i).split("");
max = Math.max.apply(Math,numArray);
if(numArray[0]<max){
numArray.sort(function(a,b){return a-b;});
numArray.splice(-1);
numArray = numArray.join("");
return Number(num.substr(0,i)+max+numArray);
}
}
return -1;
};
答案 10 :(得分:1)
解决方案(在Java中)可以是以下(我相信这里的朋友可以找到更好的):
开始交换字符串末尾的数字,直到获得更高的数字
即首先开始向下移动数字。然后是下一个更高的等等,直到你达到下一个更高的数字
然后排序其余的。
在你的例子中,你会得到:
38276 --> 38267 (smaller) --> 38627 Found it
^ ^ ^
public static int nextDigit(int number){
String num = String.valueOf(number);
int stop = 0;
char [] chars = null;
outer:
for(int i = num.length() - 1; i > 0; i--){
chars = num.toCharArray();
for(int j = i; j > 0; j--){
char temp = chars[j];
chars[j] = chars[j - 1];
chars[j - 1] = temp;
if(Integer.valueOf(new String(chars)) > number){
stop = j;
break outer;
}
}
}
Arrays.sort(chars, stop, chars.length);
return Integer.valueOf(new String(chars));
}
答案 11 :(得分:1)
在回答这个问题时,我对蛮力算法一无所知,所以我从另一个角度来看待它。我决定搜索这个数字可能重新排列的所有可能解决方案,从number_given + 1到最大可用数量(3位数字为999,4位数为9999等)。我通过对每个解决方案的数量进行排序并将其与作为参数给出的排序数量进行比较,这样做就像找到带有单词的回文。然后我简单地返回解决方案数组中的第一个解决方案,因为这将是下一个可能的值。
这是我在Ruby中的代码:
def PermutationStep(num)
a = []
(num.to_s.length).times { a.push("9") }
max_num = a.join('').to_i
verify = num.to_s.split('').sort
matches = ((num+1)..max_num).select {|n| n.to_s.split('').sort == verify }
if matches.length < 1
return -1
else
matches[0]
end
end
答案 12 :(得分:1)
PHP代码
function NextHigherNumber($num1){
$num = strval($num1);
$max = 0;
for($i=(strlen($num)-2); $i>=0; $i--){
$numArrayRaw = substr($num, $i);
$numArray = str_split($numArrayRaw);
$max = max($numArray);
if ($numArray[0] < $max){
sort( $numArray, SORT_NUMERIC );
array_pop($numArray);
$numarrstr = implode("",$numArray);
$rt = substr($num,0,$i) . $max . $numarrstr;
return $rt;
}
}
return "-1";
}
echo NextHigherNumber(123);
答案 13 :(得分:1)
如果您使用C ++编程,可以使用next_permutation
:
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
using namespace std;
string x;
while (cin >> x) {
cout << x << " -> ";
next_permutation(x.begin(),x.end());
cout << x << "\n";
}
return 0;
}
答案 14 :(得分:1)
我只测试了两个数字。他们工作。 作为IT经理在去年12月退休前已经有8年了,我关心三件事: 1)准确性:它是好的,如果它的工作 - 总是。 2)速度:必须为用户所接受。 3)清晰度:我可能不像你那么聪明,但我付钱给你。确保用英语解释你在做什么。
奥马尔,祝你好运。
Sub Main()
Dim Base(0 To 9) As Long
Dim Test(0 To 9) As Long
Dim i As Long
Dim j As Long
Dim k As Long
Dim ctr As Long
Const x As Long = 776914648
Dim y As Long
Dim z As Long
Dim flag As Boolean
' Store the digit count for the original number in the Base vector.
For i = 0 To 9
ctr = 0
For j = 1 To Len(CStr(x))
If Mid$(CStr(x), j, 1) = i Then ctr = ctr + 1
Next j
Base(i) = ctr
Next i
' Start comparing from the next highest number.
y = x + 1
Do
' Store the digit count for the each new number in the Test vector.
flag = False
For i = 0 To 9
ctr = 0
For j = 1 To Len(CStr(y))
If Mid$(CStr(y), j, 1) = i Then ctr = ctr + 1
Next j
Test(i) = ctr
Next i
' Compare the digit counts.
For k = 0 To 9
If Test(k) <> Base(k) Then flag = True
Next k
' If no match, INC and repeat.
If flag = True Then
y = y + 1
Erase Test()
Else
z = y ' Match.
End If
Loop Until z > 0
MsgBox (z), , "Solution"
End Sub
答案 15 :(得分:0)
Ruby解决方案
def next_bigger(num)
char_array = num.to_s.split('')
return -1 if char_array.uniq.size == 1
arr, target_idx, target_char = [], nil, nil
# get first left-digit less than the right from right side
(char_array.count - 1).times do |i|
arr.unshift(char_array[-(i+1)])
if char_array[-(i+2)] < char_array[-(i+1)]
target_idx = char_array.count - (i + 2)
target_char = char_array[-(i+2)]
arr.unshift(char_array[-(i+2)])
break
end
end
return -1 unless target_idx
# first smallest digit larger than target_char to the right
((target_char.to_i + 1)..9).to_a.each do |ch|
if arr.index(ch.to_s)
flip_char = arr.delete_at(arr.index(ch.to_s))
# sort the digits to the right of flip_char
arr.sort!
# place flip_char to the left of target_char
arr.unshift(flip_char)
break
end
end
(char_array[0...target_idx] + arr).join().to_i
end
答案 16 :(得分:0)
int t,k,num3,num5;
scanf("%d",&t);
int num[t];
for(int i=0;i<t;i++){
scanf("%d",&num[i]);
}
for(int i=0;i<t;i++){
k=(((num[i]-1)/3)+1);
if(k<0)
printf("-1");
else if(num[i]<3 || num[i]==4 || num[i]==7)
printf("-1");
else{
num3=3*(2*num[i] - 5*k);
num5=5*(3*k -num[i]);
for(int j=0;j<num3;j++)
printf("5");
for(int j=0;j<num5;j++)
printf("3");
}
printf("\n");
}
答案 17 :(得分:0)
我们需要找到最右边的位0,然后是1,并将最右边的0位翻转为1。
例如,假设我们的输入为487,二进制为111100111。我们翻转最右边的0,其后面有1个
所以我们得到了 111101111
但是现在我们有一个额外的1和一个少于0,所以我们减少翻转右侧1的数量 bit by 1并将0的no增加1,产生
111101011 - 二进制491
int getNextNumber(int input)
{
int flipPosition=0;
int trailingZeros=0;
int trailingOnes=0;
int copy = input;
//count trailing zeros
while(copy != 0 && (copy&1) == 0 )
{
++trailingZeros;
//test next bit
copy = copy >> 1;
}
//count trailing ones
while(copy != 0 && (copy&1) == 1 )
{
++trailingOnes;
//test next bit
copy = copy >> 1;
}
//if we have no 1's (i.e input is 0) we cannot form another pattern with
//the same number of 1's which will increment the input, or if we have leading consecutive
//ones followed by consecutive 0's up to the maximum bit size of a int
//we cannot increase the input whilst preserving the original no of 0's and
//1's in the bit pattern
if(trailingZeros + trailingOnes == 0 || trailingZeros + trailingOnes == 31)
return -1;
//flip first 0 followed by a 1 found from the right of the bit pattern
flipPosition = trailingZeros + trailingOnes+1;
input |= 1<<(trailingZeros+trailingOnes);
//clear fields to the right of the flip position
int mask = ~0 << (trailingZeros+trailingOnes);
input &= mask;
//insert a bit pattern to the right of the flip position that will contain
//one less 1 to compensate for the bit we switched from 0 to 1
int insert = flipPosition-1;
input |= insert;
return input;
}
答案 18 :(得分:0)
这是Java实施版
public static int nextHigherNumber(int number) {
Integer[] array = convertToArray(number);
int pivotIndex = pivotMaxIndex(array);
int digitInFirstSequence = pivotIndex -1;
int lowerDigitIndexInSecondSequence = lowerDigitIndex(array[digitInFirstSequence], array, pivotIndex);
swap(array, digitInFirstSequence, lowerDigitIndexInSecondSequence);
doRercursiveQuickSort(array, pivotIndex, array.length - 1);
return arrayToInteger(array);
}
public static Integer[] convertToArray(int number) {
int i = 0;
int length = (int) Math.log10(number);
int divisor = (int) Math.pow(10, length);
Integer temp[] = new Integer[length + 1];
while (number != 0) {
temp[i] = number / divisor;
if (i < length) {
++i;
}
number = number % divisor;
if (i != 0) {
divisor = divisor / 10;
}
}
return temp;
}
private static int pivotMaxIndex(Integer[] array) {
int index = array.length - 1;
while(index > 0) {
if (array[index-1] < array[index]) {
break;
}
index--;
}
return index;
}
private static int lowerDigitIndex(int number, Integer[] array, int fromIndex) {
int lowerMaxIndex = fromIndex;
int lowerMax = array[lowerMaxIndex];
while (fromIndex < array.length - 1) {
if (array[fromIndex]> number && lowerMax > array[fromIndex]) {
lowerMaxIndex = fromIndex;
}
fromIndex ++;
}
return lowerMaxIndex;
}
public static int arrayToInteger(Integer[] array) {
int number = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
number+=array[i] * Math.pow(10, array.length-1-i);
}
return number;
}
以下是单元测试
@Test
public void nextHigherNumberTest() {
assertThat(ArrayUtils.nextHigherNumber(34722641), is(34724126));
assertThat(ArrayUtils.nextHigherNumber(123), is(132));
}
答案 19 :(得分:0)
我知道这是一个非常古老的问题,但我仍然没有在c#中找到简单的代码。这可能有助于参加面试的人。
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id='content'>Hello World</div>
<input type='button' id='hideshow' value='hide/show'>
答案 20 :(得分:0)
使用Javascript实现非常简单,具有相同数字的下一个最高数字
/*
Algorithm applied
I) Traverse the given number from rightmost digit, keep traversing till you find a digit which is smaller than the previously traversed digit. For example, if the input number is “534976”, we stop at 4 because 4 is smaller than next digit 9. If we do not find such a digit, then output is “Not Possible”.
II) Now search the right side of above found digit ‘d’ for the smallest digit greater than ‘d’. For “534976″, the right side of 4 contains “976”. The smallest digit greater than 4 is 6.
III) Swap the above found two digits, we get 536974 in above example.
IV) Now sort all digits from position next to ‘d’ to the end of number. The number that we get after sorting is the output. For above example, we sort digits in bold 536974. We get “536479” which is the next greater number for input 534976.
*/
function findNext(arr)
{
let i;
//breaking down a digit into arrays of string and then converting back that array to number array
let arr1=arr.toString().split('').map(Number) ;
//started to loop from the end of array
for(i=arr1.length;i>0;i--)
{
//looking for if the current number is greater than the number next to it
if(arr1[i]>arr1[i-1])
{// if yes then we break the loop it so that we can swap and sort
break;}
}
if(i==0)
{console.log("Not possible");}
else
{
//saving that big number and smaller number to the left of it
let smlNum =arr1[i-1];
let bigNum =i;
/*now looping again and checking if we have any other greater number, if we have one AFTER big number and smaller number to the right.
A greater number that is of course greater than that smaller number but smaller than the first number we found.
Why are doing this? Because that is an algorithm to find next higher number with same digits.
*/
for(let j=i+1;j<arr1.length;j++)
{//What if there are no digits afters those found numbers then of course loop will not be initiated otherwise...
if(arr1[j]> smlNum && arr1[j]<arr1[i])
{// we assign that other found number here and replace it with the one we found before
bigNum=j;
}
} //now we are doing swapping of places the small num and big number , 3rd part of alogorithm
arr1[i-1]=arr1[bigNum];
arr1[bigNum]=smlNum;
//returning array
//too many functions applied sounds complicated right but no, here is the trick
//return arr first then apply each function one by one to see output and then further another func to that output to match your needs
// so here after swapping , 4th part of alogorithm is to sort the array right after the 1st small num we found
// to do that first we simple take part of array, we splice it and then we apply sort fucntion, then check output (to check outputs, pls use chrome dev console)
//and then simply the rest concat and join to main one digit again.
return arr1.concat((arr1.splice(i,arr1.length)).sort(function(a, b){return a-b})).join('');
// Sorry to make it too long but its fun explaining things in much easier ways as much as possible!!
}
}
findNext(1234);
由于评论很多,所以您可以将其复制到文本编辑器中。 谢谢!
答案 21 :(得分:0)
有很多好的答案,但我没有找到一个像样的Java实现。这是我的两分钱:
public void findNext(int[] nums) {
int i = nums.length - 1;
// nums[i - 1] will be the first non increasing number
while (i > 0 && nums[i] <= nums[i - 1]) {
i--;
}
if (i == 0) {
System.out.println("it has been the greatest already");
} else {
// Find the smallest digit in the second sequence that is larger than it:
int j = nums.length - 1;
while (j >= 0 && nums[j] < nums[i - 1]) {
j--;
}
swap(nums, i - 1, j);
Arrays.sort(nums, i, nums.length);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
}
}
public void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
int tmp = nums[i];
nums[i] = nums[j];
nums[j] = tmp;
}
答案 22 :(得分:0)
在Java中,此算法的答案比this
更紧凑 public static int permutate2(int number){
String[] numArray = String.valueOf(number).split("");
for(int i = numArray.length - 1; i > 0; i--){
int current = Integer.valueOf(numArray[i]);
int previous = Integer.valueOf(numArray[i - 1]);
if(previous < current){
String[] rest = String.valueOf(number).substring(i, numArray.length).split("");
Arrays.sort(rest);
String picker = rest[0];
int pickerIndex = 0;
for(int n = 0; n < rest.length ; n++){
if(Integer.valueOf(rest[n]) > previous){
picker = rest[n];
pickerIndex = n;
break;
}
}
numArray[i - 1] = picker;
rest[pickerIndex] = String.valueOf(previous);
Arrays.sort(rest);
String newNumber = "";
for(int z = 0; z <= i - 1; z++){
newNumber += numArray[z];
}
for(String z : rest){
newNumber += z;
}
return Integer.valueOf(newNumber);
}
}
return number;
}
答案 23 :(得分:0)
这里有一个我在C#中没有想到的聪明解决方案
using System;
using System.Linq;
public static long NextBiggerNumber(long n)
{
String str = GetNumbers(n);
for (long i = n+1; i <= long.Parse(str); i++)
{
if(GetNumbers(n)==GetNumbers(i))
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
public static string GetNumbers(long number)
{
return string.Join("", number.ToString().ToCharArray().OrderByDescending(x => x));
}
答案 24 :(得分:0)
另一个Java实现,可以开箱即用,并通过测试完成。 这个解决方案是使用良好的旧动态编程的O(n)空间和时间。
如果想要暴力,有两种暴力:
置换所有东西,然后选择最高分:O(n!)
与此实现类似,但不是DP,强制执行填充的步骤 indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft map将在O(n ^ 2)中运行。
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class NextHigherSameDigits {
public long next(final long num) {
final char[] chars = String.valueOf(num).toCharArray();
final int[] digits = new int[chars.length];
for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
digits[i] = Character.getNumericValue(chars[i]);
}
final Map<Integer, Integer> indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft = new HashMap<>();
indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft.put(1, digits[1] > digits[0] ? 0 : null);
for (int i = 2; i < digits.length; i++) {
final int left = digits[i - 1];
final int current = digits[i];
Integer indexOfNextSmallerLeft = null;
if (current > left) {
indexOfNextSmallerLeft = i - 1;
} else {
final Integer indexOfnextSmallerLeftOfLeft = indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft.get(i - 1);
final Integer nextSmallerLeftOfLeft = indexOfnextSmallerLeftOfLeft == null ? null :
digits[indexOfnextSmallerLeftOfLeft];
if (nextSmallerLeftOfLeft != null && current > nextSmallerLeftOfLeft) {
indexOfNextSmallerLeft = indexOfnextSmallerLeftOfLeft;
} else {
indexOfNextSmallerLeft = null;
}
}
indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft.put(i, indexOfNextSmallerLeft);
}
Integer maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft = null;
Integer indexOfMinToSwapWithNextSmallerLeft = null;
for (int i = digits.length - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
final Integer indexOfNextSmallerLeft = indexToIndexOfNextSmallerLeft.get(i);
if (maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft == null ||
(indexOfNextSmallerLeft != null && indexOfNextSmallerLeft > maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft)) {
maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft = indexOfNextSmallerLeft;
if (maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft != null && (indexOfMinToSwapWithNextSmallerLeft == null ||
digits[i] < digits[indexOfMinToSwapWithNextSmallerLeft])) {
indexOfMinToSwapWithNextSmallerLeft = i;
}
}
}
if (maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft == null) {
return -1;
} else {
swap(digits, indexOfMinToSwapWithNextSmallerLeft, maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft);
reverseRemainingOfArray(digits, maxOfindexOfNextSmallerLeft + 1);
return backToLong(digits);
}
}
private void reverseRemainingOfArray(final int[] digits, final int startIndex) {
final int[] tail = Arrays.copyOfRange(digits, startIndex, digits.length);
for (int i = tail.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
digits[(digits.length - 1) - i] = tail[i];
}
}
private void swap(final int[] digits, final int currentIndex, final int indexOfNextSmallerLeft) {
int temp = digits[currentIndex];
digits[currentIndex] = digits[indexOfNextSmallerLeft];
digits[indexOfNextSmallerLeft] = temp;
}
private long backToLong(int[] digits) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (long i : digits) {
sb.append(String.valueOf(i));
}
return Long.parseLong(sb.toString());
}
@Test
public void test() {
final long input1 = 34722641;
final long expected1 = 34724126;
final long output1 = new NextHigherSameDigits().next(input1);
assertEquals(expected1, output1);
final long input2 = 38276;
final long expected2 = 38627;
final long output2 = new NextHigherSameDigits().next(input2);
assertEquals(expected2, output2);
final long input3 = 54321;
final long expected3 = -1;
final long output3 = new NextHigherSameDigits().next(input3);
assertEquals(expected3, output3);
final long input4 = 123456784987654321L;
final long expected4 = 123456785123446789L;
final long output4 = new NextHigherSameDigits().next(input4);
assertEquals(expected4, output4);
final long input5 = 9999;
final long expected5 = -1;
final long output5 = new NextHigherSameDigits().next(input5);
assertEquals(expected5, output5);
}
}
答案 25 :(得分:0)
以下是我在Ruby中的实现:
def foo num
num = num.to_s.chars.map(&:to_i)
return num.join.to_i if num.size < 2
for left in (num.size-2).downto(0) do
for right in (num.size-1).downto(left+1) do
if num[right]>num[left]
num[left],num[right] = num[right],num[left]
return (num[0..left] + num[left+1..num.size-1].sort).join.to_i
end
end
end
return num.join.to_i
end
p foo 38276
#will print: 38627
答案 26 :(得分:0)
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int i,j,k,min,len,diff,z,u=0,f=0,flag=0;
char temp[100],a[100]`enter code here`,n;
min=9999;
//cout<<"Enter the number\n";
cin>>a;
len=strlen(a);
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
if(a[i]<a[i+1]){flag=1;break;}
}
if(flag==0){cout<<a<<endl;}
else
{
for(i=len-1;i>=0;i--)if(((int)a[i-1])<((int)a[i]))break;
for(k=0;k<i-1;k++)cout<<a[k];
for(j=i;j<len;j++)
{
if(((int)a[j]-48)-((int)a[i-1]-48)>0)
{
diff=((int)a[j]-48)-((int)a[i-1]-48);
if(diff<min){n=a[j];min=diff;}
}
}
cout<<n;
for(z=i-1;z<len;z++)
{
temp[u]=a[z];
u++;
}
temp[u]='\0';
sort(temp,temp+strlen(temp));
for(z=0;z<strlen(temp);z++){if(temp[z]==n&&f==0){f=1;continue;}cout<<temp[z];}
}
return 0;
}
答案 27 :(得分:0)
下面是生成数字的所有排列的代码..虽然必须首先使用String.valueOf(整数)将该整数转换为字符串。
/**
*
* Inserts a integer at any index around string.
*
* @param number
* @param position
* @param item
* @return
*/
public String insertToNumberStringAtPosition(String number, int position,
int item) {
String temp = null;
if (position >= number.length()) {
temp = number + item;
} else {
temp = number.substring(0, position) + item
+ number.substring(position, number.length());
}
return temp;
}
/**
* To generate permutations of a number.
*
* @param number
* @return
*/
public List<String> permuteNumber(String number) {
List<String> permutations = new ArrayList<String>();
if (number.length() == 1) {
permutations.add(number);
return permutations;
}
// else
int inserterDig = (int) (number.charAt(0) - '0');
Iterator<String> iterator = permuteNumber(number.substring(1))
.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
String subPerm = iterator.next();
for (int dig = 0; dig <= subPerm.length(); dig++) {
permutations.add(insertToNumberStringAtPosition(subPerm, dig,
inserterDig));
}
}
return permutations;
}
答案 28 :(得分:0)
public static void findNext(long number){
/* convert long to string builder */
StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
s.append(number);
int N = s.length();
int index=-1,pivot=-1;
/* from tens position find the number (called pivot) less than the number in right */
for(int i=N-2;i>=0;i--){
int a = s.charAt(i)-'0';
int b = s.charAt(i+1)-'0';
if(a<b){
pivot = a;
index =i;
break;
}
}
/* if no such pivot then no solution */
if(pivot==-1) System.out.println(" No such number ")
else{
/* find the minimum highest number to the right higher than the pivot */
int nextHighest=Integer.MAX_VALUE, swapIndex=-1;
for(int i=index+1;i<N;i++){
int a = s.charAt(i)-'0';
if(a>pivot && a<nextHighest){
nextHighest = a;
swapIndex=i;
}
}
/* swap the pivot and next highest number */
s.replace(index,index+1,""+nextHighest);
s.replace(swapIndex,swapIndex+1,""+pivot);
/* sort everything to right of pivot and replace the sorted answer to right of pivot */
char [] sort = s.substring(index+1).toCharArray();
Arrays.sort(sort);
s.replace(index+1,N,String.copyValueOf(sort));
System.out.println("next highest number is "+s);
}
}
答案 29 :(得分:0)
使用python的另一种解决方案:
def PermutationStep(num):
if sorted(list(str(num)), reverse=True) == list(str(num)):
return -1
ls = list(str(num))
n = 0
inx = 0
for ind, i in enumerate(ls[::-1]):
if i < n:
n = i
inx = -(ind + 1)
break
n = i
ls[inx], ls[inx + 1] = ls[inx + 1], ls[inx]
nl = ls[inx::-1][::-1]
ln = sorted(ls[inx+1:])
return ''.join(nl) + ''.join(ln)
print PermutationStep(23514)
输出:
23541
答案 30 :(得分:0)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<cstring>
#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
#include<sstream>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int compare (const void * a, const void * b)
{
return *(char*)a-*(char*)b;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------*/
int main()
{
char number[200],temp;
cout<<"please enter your number?"<<endl;
gets(number);
int n=strlen(number),length;
length=n;
while(--n>0)
{
if(number[n-1]<number[n])
{
for(int i=length-1;i>=n;i--)
{
if(number[i]>number[n-1])
{
temp=number[i];
number[i]=number[n-1];
number[n-1]=temp;
break;
}
}
qsort(number+n,length-n,sizeof(char),compare);
puts(number);
return 0;
}
}
cout<<"sorry itz the greatest one :)"<<endl;
}
答案 31 :(得分:0)
将9添加到给定的n位数字。然后检查它是否在限制范围内(第一个(n + 1)位数)。如果是,则检查新号码中的数字是否与原始号码中的数字相同。 重复添加9直到两个条件都为真。 当数字超出限制时停止算法。
我无法想出这种方法的矛盾测试案例。
答案 32 :(得分:0)
这是我的代码,它是this example
的修改版本库:
class NumPermExample
{
// print N! permutation of the characters of the string s (in order)
public static void perm1(String s, ArrayList<String> perm)
{
perm1("", s);
}
private static void perm1(String prefix, String s, ArrayList<String> perm)
{
int N = s.length();
if (N == 0)
{
System.out.println(prefix);
perm.add(prefix);
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
perm1(prefix + s.charAt(i), s.substring(0, i)
+ s.substring(i+1, N));
}
}
// print N! permutation of the elements of array a (not in order)
public static void perm2(String s, ArrayList<String> perm)
{
int N = s.length();
char[] a = new char[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
a[i] = s.charAt(i);
perm2(a, N);
}
private static void perm2(char[] a, int n, ArrayList<String> perm)
{
if (n == 1)
{
System.out.println(a);
perm.add(new String(a));
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
swap(a, i, n-1);
perm2(a, n-1);
swap(a, i, n-1);
}
}
// swap the characters at indices i and j
private static void swap(char[] a, int i, int j)
{
char c;
c = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = c;
}
// next higher permutation
public static int nextPermutation (int number)
{
ArrayList<String> perm = new ArrayList<String>();
String cur = ""+number;
int nextPerm = 0;
perm1(cur, perm);
for (String s : perm)
{
if (Integer.parseInt(s) > number
&& (nextPerm == 0 ||
Integer.parseInt(s) < nextPerm))
{
nextPerm = Integer.parseInt(s);
}
}
return nextPerm;
}
}
测试:
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int a = 38276;
int b = NumPermExample.nextPermutation(a);
System.out.println("a: "+a+", b: "+b);
}
答案 33 :(得分:0)
有关如何执行此操作的详细说明,请参阅Knuth的“The Art of Computer Programming: Generating all Permutations”(。ps.gz)中的“算法L ”。
答案 34 :(得分:-1)
private static int GetNextHigherNumber(int num) { //给出38276返回38627
string numberstring = num.ToString();
char[] sNum = numberstring.ToCharArray();
for (int i = sNum.Length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
for (int j = i - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
if (sNum[i] > sNum[j])
{
for (int x = i; x > j; x--)
{
char chr = sNum[x];
sNum[x] = sNum[x - 1];
sNum[x - 1] = chr;
}
i = 0;
break;
}
}
}
numberstring = string.Empty;
for(int x= 0 ; x<sNum.Length;x++)
{
numberstring += sNum[x].ToString();
}
return Convert.ToInt32(numberstring);
}
答案 35 :(得分:-2)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int num=15432;
int quot,rem;
int numarr[5];
int length=0;
while(num!=0)
{
rem=num%10;
num = num/10;
numarr[length]=rem;
length++;
}
for(int j=0;j<length;j++)
{
for(int i=0;i<length;i++)
{
if(numarr[i]<numarr[i+1])
{
int tmp=numarr[i];
numarr[i]=numarr[i+1];
numarr[i+1]=tmp;
}
}
}
for(int j=0;j<length;j++)
{
cout<<numarr[j];
}
return 0;
}
答案 36 :(得分:-2)
解决这个问题的简单方法是:
案例1: - 如果给定号码的所有数字都按降序排列,则打印“否”
案例2: - 否则从最右边的数字中找到第一个数字,这个数字小于它的右数字(因为这是违反CASE 1的第一个数字)。
请注意这两种情况,我们可以轻松地找到解决方案。您可以看到C实现最好解释What is next
答案 37 :(得分:-2)
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Big {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number ");
String str = sc.next();
int t=0;
char[] chars = str.toCharArray();
for(int i=str.length()-1,j=str.length()-2;j>=0;j--)
{
if((int)chars[i]>(int)chars[j])
{
t = (int)chars[i];
chars[i] = chars[j];
chars[j]=(char)t;
for(int k=j+1;k<str.length()-1;k++)
{
for(int l=k+1;l<str.length();l++)
{
if(chars[k]>chars[l])
{
int m = (int)chars[k];
chars[k] = chars[l];
chars[l]=(char)m;
}
}
}
break;
}
}
System.out.print("The next Big number is: ");
for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
System.out.print(chars[i]);
}
sc.close();
}
}
答案 38 :(得分:-2)
在java中添加一个条件的答案
下一个号码也应该是偶数
public static int nextDigit(int number) {
String num = String.valueOf(number);
int stop = 0;
char[] orig_chars = null;
char[] part1 = null;
char[] part2 = null;
orig_chars = num.toCharArray();
System.out.println("vivek c r");
for (int i = orig_chars.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
String previous = orig_chars[i - 1] + "";
String next = orig_chars[i] + "";
if (Integer.parseInt(previous) < Integer.parseInt(next))
{
if (Integer.parseInt(previous) % 2 == 0) {
String partString1 = "";
String partString2 = "";
for (int j = 0; j <= i - 1; j++) {
partString1 = partString1.concat(orig_chars[j] + "");
}
part1 = partString1.toCharArray();
for (int k = i; k < orig_chars.length; k++) {
partString2 = partString2.concat(orig_chars[k] + "");
}
part2 = partString2.toCharArray();
Arrays.sort(part2);
for (int l = 0; l < part2.length; l++) {
char temp = '0';
if (part2[l] > part1[i - 1]) {
temp = part1[i - 1];
part1[i - 1] = part2[l];
part2[l] = temp;
break;
}
}
for (int m = 0; m < part2.length; m++) {
char replace = '0';
if (part2[m] % 2 == 0) {
replace = part2[m];
for (int n = m; n < part2.length - 1; n++) {
part2[n] = part2[n + 1];
}
part2[part2.length - 1] = replace;
break;
}
}
System.out.print(part1);
System.out.println(part2);
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
System.out.println("NONE");
return 0;
}