Question

我想制作一个仅包含左轴和下轴的matplotlib图，以及面向外而不是向内的刻度作为默认值。我发现了两个分别针对这两个主题的问题：

他们每个人都独立工作，但不幸的是，这两种解决方案似乎彼此不相容。在敲了一下头之后，我在the axes_grid documentation中发现了一个警告

“某些命令（主要与刻度相关）不起作用”

这是我的代码：

from matplotlib.pyplot import *
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid.axislines import Subplot
import matplotlib.lines as mpllines
import numpy as np

#set figure and axis
fig = figure(figsize=(6, 4))

#comment the next 2 lines to not hide top and right axis
ax = Subplot(fig, 111)
fig.add_subplot(ax)

#uncomment next 2 lines to deal with ticks
#ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

#calculate data
x = np.arange(0.8,2.501,0.001)
y = 4*((1/x)**12 - (1/x)**6)

#plot
ax.plot(x,y)

#do not display top and right axes
#comment to deal with ticks
ax.axis["right"].set_visible(False)
ax.axis["top"].set_visible(False)

#put ticks facing outwards
#does not work when Sublot is called!
for l in ax.get_xticklines():
    l.set_marker(mpllines.TICKDOWN)

for l in ax.get_yticklines():
    l.set_marker(mpllines.TICKLEFT)

#done
show()

Answer 1

稍微改变你的代码，并使用来自this link的技巧（或黑客？），这似乎有效：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


#comment the next 2 lines to not hide top and right axis
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

#uncomment next 2 lines to deal with ticks
#ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

#calculate data
x = np.arange(0.8,2.501,0.001)
y = 4*((1/x)**12 - (1/x)**6)

#plot
ax.plot(x,y)

#do not display top and right axes
#comment to deal with ticks
ax.spines["right"].set_visible(False)
ax.spines["top"].set_visible(False)

## the original answer:
## see  http://old.nabble.com/Ticks-direction-td30107742.html
#for tick in ax.xaxis.majorTicks:
#  tick._apply_params(tickdir="out")

# the OP way (better):
ax.tick_params(axis='both', direction='out')
ax.get_xaxis().tick_bottom()   # remove unneeded ticks 
ax.get_yaxis().tick_left()

plt.show()

如果您想在所有图表上向外勾选，可能更容易设置勾选方向in the rc file - 在该页面上搜索xtick.direction

如何同时移除顶轴和右轴并绘制向外的刻度？

1 个答案: