Question

我正在浏览斯坦福CS106B在线课程，并创建了一个文件夹/ usr / local，我在其中放置了课程的头文件。但是，每当我调用头文件时，我都会遇到问题。举个例子吧。当我尝试编译它时，我得到错误，但RandomChance（double n）是头文件random.h中的一个函数。救命啊！

架构x86_64的未定义符号： “RandomChance（double）”，引自： main.o中的flipCoin（） ld：找不到架构x86_64的符号 clang：错误：链接器命令失败，退出代码为1（使用-v查看调用）

该计划如下：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "/usr/local/random.h"

using namespace std;

string flipCoin();

string flipCoin() {
    if (RandomChance(0.50)) {
        return "heads";
    } else {
        return "tails";
    }
}

int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
{

    cout << "Enter number of votes" << endl;
    cout << "Enter percentage spread between candidates" << endl;
    cout << "Enter voting error percentage" << endl;
    return 0;
}

这是random.h

/*
 * Function: Randomize
 * Usage: Randomize();
 * -------------------
 * This function sets the random seed so that the random sequence
 * is unpredictable.   If this function is not called, the other 
 * functions will return the same values on each run. During the
 * debugging phase, it is best not to call this function, so that 
 * program behavior is repeatable.
 */
void Randomize();

/*
 * Function: RandomInteger
 * Usage: n = RandomInteger(low, high);
 * ------------------------------------
 * This function returns a random integer in the range low to high,
 * inclusive.
 */
int RandomInteger(int low, int high);

/*
 * Function: RandomReal
 * Usage: d = RandomReal(low, high);
 * ---------------------------------
 * This function returns a random real number in the half-open
 * interval [low .. high), meaning that the result is always
 * greater than or equal to low but strictly less than high.
 */
double RandomReal(double low, double high);

/*
 * Function: RandomChance
 * Usage: if (RandomChance(p)) . . .
 * ---------------------------------
 * The RandomChance function returns true with the probability
 * indicated by p, which should be a floating-point number between
 * 0 (meaning never) and 1 (meaning always).  For example, calling
 * RandomChance(.30) returns true 30 percent of the time.
 */
bool RandomChance(double p);

#endif /*RANDOM_H_*/

更新：所以它有效，然后我通过#include simpio.h添加了另一个库，整个过程变得混乱。它显示了38个错误，包括以下内容。

Ld /Users/alexandermoreno/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/voting-ccwjagcijcytcigfgxvxyiaplsxm/Build/Products/Debug/voting normal i386
    cd "/Users/alexandermoreno/Documents/Paradigms/assignment 1/voting"
    setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.7
    /Developer/usr/bin/clang++ -arch i386 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk -L/Users/alexandermoreno/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/voting-ccwjagcijcytcigfgxvxyiaplsxm/Build/Products/Debug -F/Users/alexandermoreno/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/voting-ccwjagcijcytcigfgxvxyiaplsxm/Build/Products/Debug -filelist /Users/alexandermoreno/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/voting-ccwjagcijcytcigfgxvxyiaplsxm/Build/Intermediates/voting.build/Debug/voting.build/Objects-normal/i386/voting.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.7 -lcs106 -o /Users/alexandermoreno/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/voting-ccwjagcijcytcigfgxvxyiaplsxm/Build/Products/Debug/voting

Undefined symbols for architecture i386:
  "___CFConstantStringClassReference", referenced from:
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CFString in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      ...
  "_NSApp", referenced from:
      +[Glue showAbout:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      TerminateApp() in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      +[NSBundleWithoutSpuriousErrorLog aloadNibNamed:owner:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView keyDown:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      +[Glue showAbout:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      TerminateApp() in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      +[NSBundleWithoutSpuriousErrorLog aloadNibNamed:owner:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView keyDown:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_objc_msgSendSuper", referenced from:
      +[NSBundleWithoutSpuriousErrorLog aloadNibNamed:owner:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView initWithFrame:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView setFont:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView dealloc] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView keyDown:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      -[ConsoleTextView rangeForUserTextChange] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_CFBundleGetInfoDictionary", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_CFBundleCopyBundleURL", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_objc_msgSend", referenced from:
      +[Glue applicationDidFinishLaunching:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      +[Glue showAbout:] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CocoaConsoleResize(int, int, int, int) in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      TerminateApp() in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      SetConsoleSize(int, int, int, bool) in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      patched_read(void*, char*, int) in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      CreateMenuWithItems(NSString*, menuitem*, int) in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      ...
  "_CFURLCreateCopyDeletingLastPathComponent", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_CFURLGetFileSystemRepresentation", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_CFBundleGetMainBundle", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "Main()", referenced from:
      +[Glue studentMain] in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_CFRelease", referenced from:
      _main in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  "_NSFileHandleDataAvailableNotification", referenced from:
      -[ConsoleTextView registerForNotifications] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_NSForegroundColorAttributeName", referenced from:
      -[ConsoleTextView setFont:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_NSFontAttributeName", referenced from:
      -[ConsoleTextView setFont:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      +[ConsoleTextView contentSizeForPointSize:numRows:numCols:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_NSBeep", referenced from:
      -[ConsoleTextView keyDown:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_objc_msgSend_fpret", referenced from:
      +[ConsoleTextView contentSizeForPointSize:numRows:numCols:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  "_objc_msgSend_stret", referenced from:
      -[ConsoleTextView setPointSize:numRows:numCols:center:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      +[ConsoleTextView contentSizeForPointSize:numRows:numCols:] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
      +[ConsoleTextView createConsoleInWindow] in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSThread", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSAutoreleasePool", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSDictionary", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSString", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSMenu", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSMenuItem", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSBundle", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
      .objc_class_name_NSBundleWithoutSpuriousErrorLog in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
     (maybe you meant: .objc_class_name_NSBundleWithoutSpuriousErrorLog)
  ".objc_class_name_NSApplication", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSObject", referenced from:
      .objc_class_name_Glue in libcs106.a(mainwrapper.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSAttributedString", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSMutableDictionary", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSFont", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSScroller", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSScreen", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSWindow", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSScrollView", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSColor", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSNotificationCenter", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSFileHandle", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSData", referenced from:
      pointer-to-literal-objc-class-name in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
  ".objc_class_name_NSTextView", referenced from:
      .objc_class_name_ConsoleTextView in libcs106.a(ConsoleTextView.o)
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture i386
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

这是#simpio.h文件

#ifndef SIMPIO_H_
#define SIMPIO_H_
/*
 * File: simpio.h
 * Version: 1.0CPP
 * Last modified on Wed Sep 18 13:34:29 PDT 2002 by jzelenski
 * ----------------------------------------------------------
 * This interface provides access to a simple package of
 * functions that simplify the reading of console input.
 */

#include "genlib.h"

/*
 * Function: GetInteger
 * Usage: n = GetInteger();
 * ------------------------
 * GetInteger reads a line of text from standard input and scans
 * it as an integer.  The integer value is returned.  If an
 * integer cannot be scanned or if more characters follow the
 * number, the user is given a chance to retry.
 */

int GetInteger();


/*
 * Function: GetLong
 * Usage: n = GetLong();
 * ---------------------
 * GetLong reads a line of text from standard input and scans
 * it into a long integer.  The long is returned.  If the 
 * number cannot be scanned or if extra characters follow it,
 * the user is given a chance to retry.
 */

long GetLong();

/*
 * Function: GetReal
 * Usage: x = GetReal();
 * ---------------------
 * GetReal reads a line of text from standard input and scans
 * it as a double.  If the number cannot be scanned or if extra
 * characters follow after the number ends, the user is given
 * a chance to reenter the value.
 */

double GetReal();


/*
 * Function: GetLine
 * Usage: s = GetLine();
 * ---------------------
 * GetLine reads a line of text from standard input and returns
 * the line as a string.  The newline character that terminates
 * the input is not stored as part of the string that is returned.
 */

string GetLine();

#endif /*SIMPIO_H_*/

Answer 1

好的，所以我看到这被标记为一个受欢迎的问题。对于任何这样做的人，我只是建议查找更高版本的cs106b，而不是SEE或iTunes中的pset，并下载这些，只是等待解决方案出来，如果你需要它们。很多时候，它已经被设置为使用最新版本的XCode。如果没有，可能会有点混乱。他们还有一些文档描述了在大多数CS106b站点上链接器错误的情况下该怎么做。

Answer 2

标题中有什么？是否有函数的实际定义或只是声明？

此外，我怀疑您要将文件放在/usr/local/include中，我怀疑/usr/local是否在您的标题搜索路径中。

编辑：

库有定义，标题有声明。将库放在一个搜索到的库路径中，/usr/local/lib可能会让你自豪。

编辑＃2：

回应：

嘿，我这样做了，并且还使用链接二进制文件来链接图书馆。然后我得到了这个＆＃34;忽略文件 /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.7.sdk/usr/local/lib/libcs106.a，失踪在文件中需要架构x86_64。＆＃34;难道有东西吗？用于xcode 4的库有问题吗？这是另一个论坛暗示。

该库似乎可能是针对32位架构编译的，而项目的架构设置为64位。如果库的64位版本不可用，则将项目设置更改为使用32位应该可以解决问题。

编辑＃3：编辑＃3：看起来新库是针对objective-c的，或者您正在使用.m文件扩展名并编译为objective-c。

在Xcode 4中包含头文件

2 个答案: