当我遇到C#编译器的一些极好奇的代码时,我正在回答一个question关于关闭(合法地)延长对象生命周期的可能性{4.0}如果那很重要)。
我能找到的最短的repro如下:
结果:编译器创建一个闭包对象,该对象引用创建lambda的对象,当它没有理由时 - ' inner'委托的目标是静态方法,并且当委托被执行时,lambda-creation-object的实例成员不需要(并且不被触摸)。实际上,编译器就像程序员无理由地捕获this
一样。
class Foo
{
private Action _field;
public void InstanceMethod()
{
var capturedVariable = Math.Pow(42, 1);
_field = () => StaticMethod(capturedVariable);
}
private static void StaticMethod(double arg) { }
}
发布版本生成的代码(反编译为'更简单' C#)如下所示:
public void InstanceMethod()
{
<>c__DisplayClass1 CS$<>8__locals2 = new <>c__DisplayClass1();
CS$<>8__locals2.<>4__this = this; // What's this doing here?
CS$<>8__locals2.capturedVariable = Math.Pow(42.0, 1.0);
this._field = new Action(CS$<>8__locals2.<InstanceMethod>b__0);
}
[CompilerGenerated]
private sealed class <>c__DisplayClass1
{
// Fields
public Foo <>4__this; // Never read, only written to.
public double capturedVariable;
// Methods
public void <InstanceMethod>b__0()
{
Foo.StaticMethod(this.capturedVariable);
}
}
观察闭包对象的<>4__this
字段是用对象引用填充的,但是从不读取(没有理由)。
那么这里发生了什么?语言规范是否允许它?这是一个编译器错误/奇怪或是否有一个很好的理由(我明显缺少)闭包引用对象?这让我感到焦虑,因为这看起来像是一个关闭快乐的程序员(像我一样)的秘诀,无意中将奇怪的内存泄漏(想象一下,如果委托被用作事件处理程序)到程序中。
答案 0 :(得分:24)
这肯定看起来像个bug。谢谢你引起我的注意。我会调查一下。它可能已被发现并修复。
答案 1 :(得分:7)
这似乎是一个错误或不必要的:
我在IL lang中运行你的例子:
.method public hidebysig
instance void InstanceMethod () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x2074
// Code size 63 (0x3f)
.maxstack 4
.locals init (
[0] class ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1' 'CS$<>8__locals2'
)
IL_0000: newobj instance void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::.ctor()
IL_0005: stloc.0
IL_0006: ldloc.0
IL_0007: ldarg.0
IL_0008: stfld class ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::'<>4__this' //Make ref to this
IL_000d: nop
IL_000e: ldloc.0
IL_000f: ldc.r8 42
IL_0018: ldc.r8 1
IL_0021: call float64 [mscorlib]System.Math::Pow(float64, float64)
IL_0026: stfld float64 ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::capturedVariable
IL_002b: ldarg.0
IL_002c: ldloc.0
IL_002d: ldftn instance void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::'<InstanceMethod>b__0'()
IL_0033: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Action::.ctor(object, native int)
IL_0038: stfld class [mscorlib]System.Action ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo::_field
IL_003d: nop
IL_003e: ret
} // end of method Foo::InstanceMethod
示例2:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
}
class Foo
{
private Action _field;
public void InstanceMethod()
{
var capturedVariable = Math.Pow(42, 1);
_field = () => Foo2.StaticMethod(capturedVariable); //Foo2
}
private static void StaticMethod(double arg) { }
}
class Foo2
{
internal static void StaticMethod(double arg) { }
}
}
cl中的:(注意!!现在这个参考已经消失了!)
public hidebysig
instance void InstanceMethod () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x2074
// Code size 56 (0x38)
.maxstack 4
.locals init (
[0] class ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1' 'CS$<>8__locals2'
)
IL_0000: newobj instance void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::.ctor()
IL_0005: stloc.0
IL_0006: nop //No this pointer
IL_0007: ldloc.0
IL_0008: ldc.r8 42
IL_0011: ldc.r8 1
IL_001a: call float64 [mscorlib]System.Math::Pow(float64, float64)
IL_001f: stfld float64 ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::capturedVariable
IL_0024: ldarg.0 //No This ref
IL_0025: ldloc.0
IL_0026: ldftn instance void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::'<InstanceMethod>b__0'()
IL_002c: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Action::.ctor(object, native int)
IL_0031: stfld class [mscorlib]System.Action ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo::_field
IL_0036: nop
IL_0037: ret
}
例3:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
}
static void Test(double arg)
{
}
class Foo
{
private Action _field;
public void InstanceMethod()
{
var capturedVariable = Math.Pow(42, 1);
_field = () => Test(capturedVariable);
}
private static void StaticMethod(double arg) { }
}
}
IL中的:(此指针返回)
IL_0006: ldloc.0
IL_0007: ldarg.0
IL_0008: stfld class ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::'<>4__this' //Back again.
在所有三种情况下,方法-b__0() - 看起来都一样:
instance void '<InstanceMethod>b__0' () cil managed
{
// Method begins at RVA 0x2066
// Code size 13 (0xd)
.maxstack 8
IL_0000: ldarg.0
IL_0001: ldfld float64 ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo/'<>c__DisplayClass1'::capturedVariable
IL_0006: call void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo::StaticMethod(float64) //Your example
IL_0006: call void ConsoleApplication1.Program/Foo2::StaticMethod(float64)//Example 2
IL_0006: call void ConsoleApplication1.Program::Test(float64) //Example 3
IL_000b: nop
IL_000c: ret
}
在所有3种情况下都有一个静态方法的引用,所以它使它更多 奇。所以在经过这些分析之后,我会说它是一个错误/没有好处。 !