java JFrame使用虚拟绘图空间缩放UI显示

时间：2011-12-06 16:52:00

标签： java jframe jpanel scale paint

我有一个应用程序，其图形被认为以1024x768显示。

我希望在不重写所有绘图代码，位置计算等的情况下使应用程序具有灵活性。

为了实现这一点，我的尝试是以下列方式覆盖JFrame容器的paint方法：

@Override
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
    BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(this.desiredWidth, this.desiredHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);

    Graphics2D gi = (Graphics2D) img.getGraphics();
    gi.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_LCD_VRGB);
    gi.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
    gi.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);

    super.paint(gi);
    gi.dispose();

    ((Graphics2D) g).drawImage(img, screenScale, null);

}

而screenScale是我在构造函数中创建的AffineTransform对象，它根据目标大小进行适当的缩放。

现在的问题是：我的子组件被绘制和缩放，但具有父JFrame的限制。因此，如果我的父框架具有维​​度640x480，则我添加到其中的子图层只能在其绘制的1024x768 BufferedImage的640x480部分内绘制。 我想在某些地方，子组件使用JFrame父级的getPreferredSize，因为子级总是将此值作为边界。因此，最终我的缩放策略与孩子的绘画行为相冲突，因为他们完全忽略了他们为绘画而交付的图形对象的界限。

最后，无论我做什么，当目标尺寸小于我的“虚拟”屏幕尺寸时，我的子图层（如果重要的话，从jpanel派生）会被切断。

任何人都可以提供更好的解决方案或提示如何避免忽略图形界限的奇怪行为吗？

编辑：上面代码的更新结果，带有未缩放的输出，expectet输出和结果输​​出

expected output resulted output

更新：工作测试代码

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseWheelEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseWheelListener;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.print.attribute.standard.OrientationRequested;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class AffineTransformTest
{

private static TransformingFrame    canvas;
private static JButton button;
private static TestLayer layer;

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    canvas = new TransformingFrame();
    canvas.addMouseWheelListener(new ScaleHandler());

    layer=new TestLayer(canvas.originalSize);
    canvas.getContentPane().add(layer);
    layer.setVisible(true);
    button = new JButton("asdf");
    canvas.setUndecorated(true);
    button.setVisible(true);
    canvas.getContentPane().add(button);


    canvas.pack();



    canvas.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    canvas.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
    canvas.setPreferredSize(canvas.originalSize);
    canvas.setSize(canvas.originalSize);
    canvas.setLayout(null);

    canvas.setVisible(true);
    canvas.validate();
}

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
private static class TransformingFrame extends JFrame
{
    private double  scale;
    private final Dimension originalSize;
    private AffineTransform tx = new AffineTransform();

    TransformingFrame()
    {
        originalSize=new Dimension(800,600);
        scale = 1;
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g)
    {
        BufferedImage offscreenBuffer=new BufferedImage(originalSize.width,originalSize.height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        Graphics bufferGraphics=offscreenBuffer.getGraphics();
        super.paint(bufferGraphics);
        bufferGraphics.dispose();

        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_LCD_VRGB);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        ((Graphics2D) g).drawImage(offscreenBuffer, tx,null);
    }
    @Override
    public void paintComponents(Graphics g)
    {
        BufferedImage offscreenBuffer=new BufferedImage(originalSize.width,originalSize.height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        Graphics bufferGraphics=offscreenBuffer.getGraphics();
        super.paintComponents(bufferGraphics);
        bufferGraphics.dispose();

        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_LCD_VRGB);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        ((Graphics2D) g).drawImage(offscreenBuffer, tx,null);

    }
    @Override
    public void paintAll(Graphics g)
    {
        BufferedImage offscreenBuffer=new BufferedImage(originalSize.width,originalSize.height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
        Graphics bufferGraphics=offscreenBuffer.getGraphics();
        super.paintAll(bufferGraphics);
        bufferGraphics.dispose();

        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_LCD_VRGB);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
        ((Graphics2D) g).setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
        g.setColor(Color.black);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        ((Graphics2D) g).drawImage(offscreenBuffer, tx,null);
}

}

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
private static class TestLayer extends JPanel{

public TestLayer(Dimension originalSize)
{
    this.setPreferredSize(originalSize);
    this.setSize(originalSize);
    setOpaque(false);
    setDoubleBuffered(false);
}

@Override
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
    Graphics2D ourGraphics = (Graphics2D) g;
    super.paint(ourGraphics);
    ourGraphics.setColor(Color.green);
    ourGraphics.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
    ourGraphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    ourGraphics.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    ourGraphics.setColor(Color.BLACK);

    ourGraphics.drawRect(50, 50, 50, 50);
    ourGraphics.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
    ourGraphics.drawString("Test Affine Transform", 50, 30);
    ourGraphics.drawString(canvas.tx.toString(), 50, 250);
}

}

private static class ScaleHandler implements MouseWheelListener
{
    public void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e)
    {
        if (e.getScrollType() == MouseWheelEvent.WHEEL_UNIT_SCROLL)
        {

            // make it a reasonable amount of zoom
            // .1 gives a nice slow transition
            canvas.scale += (.1 * e.getWheelRotation());
            // don't cross negative threshold.
            // also, setting scale to 0 has bad effects
            canvas.scale = Math.max(0.00001, canvas.scale);
            canvas.tx.setTransform(new AffineTransform());
            canvas.tx.scale(canvas.scale, canvas.scale);
            canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension((int)(canvas.originalSize.width*canvas.scale),(int)(canvas.originalSize.height*canvas.scale)));
            canvas.setSize(new Dimension((int)(canvas.originalSize.width*canvas.scale),(int)(canvas.originalSize.height*canvas.scale)));
            canvas.validate();
            canvas.repaint();
        }
    }
}

}

由于某种原因，这段代码正常工作（除了按钮消失）..也许我的错误是在子图层的其他地方..我会去调查那个

好了几个小时后摆弄它，我得出结论，儿童面板在他们的绘画（图形g）方法中获得的绘图限制不允许绘画超过父亲的大小。在示例中它可以工作，但在完整的应用程序中没有。似乎某些设置强制我的应用程序上的行为，但不是演示应用程序。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

  

因此，如果我的父框架具有尺寸640x480，则我添加到其中的子图层只能在1024x768的640x480分数内绘制

创建JFrame - ＆gt;放在那里JScrollPane - ＆gt;到JScrollPane put：

1）JPanel或JComponent，覆盖paintComponentn(Graphics g)而非paint(Graphics g)

2）您撰写了关于BufferedImage的文章，然后将更好的方式BufferedImage作为Icon添加到JLabel

答案 1 :(得分：1)

正如您所观察到的，组件可以在缩放的图形上下文中呈现，但结果实际上是无用的：UI委托不知道已更改的几何体。正如@mKorbel建议的那样，JScrollPane是传统的选择。

您还可以查看此game中使用的方案或此scalable label中使用的技巧。如果您愿意制作自己的组件，则可以调整此ScaledView中显示的方法。

答案 2 :(得分：0)

在向一些人询问此事后，我的问题得到了彻底解决。 解决方案是： 1。 创建一个可以绘制的新类并在那里进行操作，例如：

private class ScaledPane extends JPanel
{
    public ScaledPane(Window parent)
    {
        super();
        setPreferredSize(new Dimension(parent.getDesiredWidth(), parent.getDesiredHeight()));
        setSize(this.getPreferredSize());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g)
    {
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g.create(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
        g2.setTransform(screenScale);
        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); //
        System.out.println(g2.getClip());
        super.paint(g2);
    }
}

之后将该类的实例设置为contentpane：

setScreenScale(AffineTransform.getScaleInstance((double) width / (double) desiredWidth, (double) height / (double) desiredHeight));
    setContentPane(new ScaledPane(this));

在完成之后一切都很顺利，因为窗口的组件使用了contentpanes paint方法来绘制自己使用那里设置的新图形对象

完成后，我可以将窗口缩放到任何所需大小，而无需操纵任何孩子的移动公式或位置。

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