我正在尝试在Python中使用我的文本实现颜色循环，即我希望它循环显示每个键入的字符的颜色（以及其他效果）我到目前为止的进展已经从ansi colour recipe一起被黑客攻击欢迎改进建议。
我也模糊地知道，但从未使用过：termcolor，colorama，curses
在黑客攻击期间我设法使属性不起作用（即反向闪烁等）并且它不完美可能主要是因为我不理解这些线：
cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+fgoffset))
c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
如果有人能澄清一点，我会很感激。这运行并做了一些事情，但它并不完全存在。我更改了代码，因此您不必将字符串中的颜色命令分开，而是可以包含它们。
#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
"arg" is a string or None
if "arg" is None : the terminal is reset to his default values.
if "arg" is a string it must contain "sep" separated values.
if args are found in globals "attrs" or "colors", or start with "@" \
they are interpreted as ANSI commands else they are output as text.
@* commands:
@x;y : go to xy
@ : go to 1;1
@@ : clear screen and go to 1;1
@[colour] : set foreground colour
^[colour] : set background colour
examples:
echo('@red') : set red as the foreground color
echo('@red ^blue') : red on blue
echo('@red @blink') : blinking red
echo() : restore terminal default values
echo('@reverse') : swap default colors
echo('^cyan @blue reverse') : blue on cyan <=> echo('blue cyan)
echo('@red @reverse') : a way to set up the background only
echo('@red @reverse @blink') : you can specify any combinaison of \
attributes in any order with or without colors
echo('@blink Python') : output a blinking 'Python'
echo('@@ hello') : clear the screen and print 'hello' at 1;1
colours:
{'blue': 4, 'grey': 0, 'yellow': 3, 'green': 2, 'cyan': 6, 'magenta': 5, 'white': 7, 'red': 1}
'''
'''
Set ANSI Terminal Color and Attributes.
'''
from sys import stdout
import random
import sys
import time
esc = '%s['%chr(27)
reset = '%s0m'%esc
format = '1;%dm'
fgoffset, bgoffset = 30, 40
for k, v in dict(
attrs = 'none bold faint italic underline blink fast reverse concealed',
colours = 'grey red green yellow blue magenta cyan white'
).items(): globals()[k]=dict((s,i) for i,s in enumerate(v.split()))
bpoints = ( " [*] ", " [!] ", )
def echo(arg=None, sep=' ', end='\n', rndcase=True, txtspeed=0.03, bnum=0):
cmd, txt = [reset], []
if arg:
if bnum != 0:
sys.stdout.write(bpoints[bnum-1])
# split the line up into 'sep' seperated values - arglist
arglist=arg.split(sep)
# cycle through arglist - word seperated list
for word in arglist:
if word.startswith('@'):
### First check for a colour command next if deals with position ###
# go through each fg and bg colour
tmpword = word[1:]
if tmpword in colours:
cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+fgoffset))
c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
if c and c not in cmd:
cmd.append(c)
stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
continue
# positioning (starts with @)
word=word[1:]
if word=='@':
cmd.append('2J')
cmd.append('H')
stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
continue
else:
cmd.append('%sH'%word)
stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
continue
if word.startswith('^'):
### First check for a colour command next if deals with position ###
# go through each fg and bg colour
tmpword = word[1:]
if tmpword in colours:
cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+bgoffset))
c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
if c and c not in cmd:
cmd.append(c)
stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
continue
else:
for x in word:
if rndcase:
# thankyou mark!
if random.randint(0,1):
x = x.upper()
else:
x = x.lower()
stdout.write(x)
stdout.flush()
time.sleep(txtspeed)
stdout.write(' ')
time.sleep(txtspeed)
if txt and end: txt[-1]+=end
stdout.write(esc.join(cmd)+sep.join(txt))
if __name__ == '__main__':
echo('@@') # clear screen
#echo('@reverse') # attrs are ahem not working
print 'default colors at 1;1 on a cleared screen'
echo('@red hello this is red')
echo('@blue this is blue @red i can ^blue change @yellow blah @cyan the colours in ^default the text string')
print
echo()
echo('default')
echo('@cyan ^blue cyan blue')
print
echo()
echo('@cyan this text has a bullet point',bnum=1)
print
echo('@yellow this yellow text has another bullet point',bnum=2)
print
echo('@blue this blue text has a bullet point and no random case',bnum=1,rndcase=False)
print
echo('@red this red text has no bullet point, no random case and no typing effect',txtspeed=0,bnum=0,rndcase=False)
# echo('@blue ^cyan blue cyan')
#echo('@red @reverse red reverse')
# echo('yellow red yellow on red 1')
# echo('yellow,red,yellow on red 2', sep=',')
# print 'yellow on red 3'
# for bg in colours:
# echo(bg.title().center(8), sep='.', end='')
# for fg in colours:
# att=[fg, bg]
# if fg==bg: att.append('blink')
# att.append(fg.center(8))
# echo(','.join(att), sep=',', end='')
#for att in attrs:
# echo('%s,%s' % (att, att.title().center(10)), sep=',', end='')
# print
from time import sleep, strftime, gmtime
colist='@grey @blue @cyan @white @cyan @blue'.split()
while True:
try:
for c in colist:
sleep(.1)
echo('%s @28;33 hit ctrl-c to quit' % c,txtspeed=0)
echo('%s @29;33 hit ctrl-c to quit' % c,rndcase=False,txtspeed=0)
#echo('@yellow @6;66 %s' % strftime('%H:%M:%S', gmtime()))
except KeyboardInterrupt:
break
except:
raise
echo('@10;1')
print
还应该提到我完全不知道这行是什么:) - 我看到它将颜色放入字典对象，但它是如何做到这一点令人困惑。尚未习惯这种python语法。
for k, v in dict(
attrs = 'none bold faint italic underline blink fast reverse concealed',
colours = 'grey red green yellow blue magenta cyan white'
).items(): globals()[k]=dict((s,i) for i,s in enumerate(v.split()))
答案 0 :(得分：0)
这是一个相当复杂的代码 - 但是，坚持你的问题，关于线：
cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+fgoffset))
此表达式将名为cmd的列表附加到变量format中包含的字符串的插值，其中包含表达式(colours[tmpword]+fgoffset))的结果 - 它连接颜色表中的代码（颜色）由tmpword以fgoffset命名。
format字符串包含'1;%dm'，这意味着它需要一个整数，它将替换其中的“％d”。 （Python的%字符串替换继承自C的printf格式）。你用“颜色”颜色表，另一只手是以一种错综复杂的方式构建的，我建议不用代码，直接设置“globals”中的条目 - 但我们假设它确实具有每个颜色条目的正确数值。在这种情况下，将其添加到fgoffset将生成超出范围的颜色代码（IRCC，大于15），用于某些颜色代码和偏移。
现在你怀疑的第二行：
c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
这个if只是Python的三元运算符 - 相当于C'ish expr?:val1: val2
相当于：
如果在attrs中的tmpword： c =格式％attrs [tmpword] 其他： c =格式％无
请注意，它的优先级低于%运算符。
也许你更喜欢：
c= (format % attrs[tmpword]) if tmpword in attrs else ''
代替