Question

我正在尝试在Python中使用我的文本实现颜色循环...由于上下文的巨大变化，此问题已被编辑并重新提交为另一个问题。请改为here。

这个问题更多的是关于我应该使用哪个库 - termcolor，colorama，curses和ansi colour recipe，

到目前为止

代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python

'''
        "arg" is a string or None
        if "arg" is None : the terminal is reset to his default values.
        if "arg" is a string it must contain "sep" separated values.
        if args are found in globals "attrs" or "colors", or start with "@" \
    they are interpreted as ANSI commands else they are output as text.
        @* commands:

            @x;y : go to xy
            @    : go to 1;1
            @@   : clear screen and go to 1;1
        @[colour] : set foreground colour
        ^[colour] : set background colour

        examples:
    echo('@red')                  : set red as the foreground color
    echo('@red ^blue')             : red on blue
    echo('@red @blink')            : blinking red
    echo()                       : restore terminal default values
    echo('@reverse')              : swap default colors
    echo('^cyan @blue reverse')    : blue on cyan <=> echo('blue cyan)
    echo('@red @reverse')          : a way to set up the background only
    echo('@red @reverse @blink')    : you can specify any combinaison of \
            attributes in any order with or without colors
    echo('@blink Python')         : output a blinking 'Python'
    echo('@@ hello')             : clear the screen and print 'hello' at 1;1

colours:
{'blue': 4, 'grey': 0, 'yellow': 3, 'green': 2, 'cyan': 6, 'magenta': 5, 'white': 7, 'red': 1}

    '''

'''
    Set ANSI Terminal Color and Attributes.
'''
from sys import stdout
import random
import sys
import time

esc = '%s['%chr(27)
reset = '%s0m'%esc
format = '1;%dm'
fgoffset, bgoffset = 30, 40
for k, v in dict(
    attrs = 'none bold faint italic underline blink fast reverse concealed',
    colours = 'grey red green yellow blue magenta cyan white'
).items(): globals()[k]=dict((s,i) for i,s in enumerate(v.split()))

def echo(arg=None, sep=' ', end='\n', rndcase=True, txtspeed=0.03):

    cmd, txt = [reset], []
    if arg:
        # split the line up into 'sep' seperated values - arglist
            arglist=arg.split(sep)

        # cycle through arglist - word seperated list 
            for word in arglist:

                if word.startswith('@'):
            ### First check for a colour command next if deals with position ###
                # go through each fg and bg colour  
                tmpword = word[1:]
                    if tmpword in colours:
                        cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+fgoffset))
                    c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
                    if c and c not in cmd:
                                cmd.append(c)
                    stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
                    continue
                # positioning (starts with @)
                word=word[1:]
                if word=='@':
                    cmd.append('2J')
                    cmd.append('H')
                    stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
                    continue
                else:
                    cmd.append('%sH'%word)
                    stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
                    continue

                if word.startswith('^'):
            ### First check for a colour command next if deals with position ###
                # go through each fg and bg colour  
                tmpword = word[1:]
                    if tmpword in colours:
                        cmd.append(format % (colours[tmpword]+bgoffset))
                    c=format % attrs[tmpword] if tmpword in attrs else None
                    if c and c not in cmd:
                                cmd.append(c)
                    stdout.write(esc.join(cmd))
                    continue                    
            else:
                for x in word:  
                    if rndcase:
                        # thankyou mark!
                        if random.randint(0,1):
                                x = x.upper()
                        else:
                            x = x.lower()
                    stdout.write(x)
                    stdout.flush()
                    time.sleep(txtspeed)
                stdout.write(' ')
                time.sleep(txtspeed)
    if txt and end: txt[-1]+=end
    stdout.write(esc.join(cmd)+sep.join(txt))

if __name__ == '__main__':

    echo('@@') # clear screen
    #echo('@reverse') # attrs are ahem not working
    print 'default colors at 1;1 on a cleared screen'
    echo('@red hello this is red')
    echo('@blue this is blue @red i can ^blue change @yellow blah @cyan the colours in ^default the text string')
    print
    echo()
    echo('default')
    echo('@cyan ^blue cyan blue')
#   echo('@cyan ^blue @reverse cyan blue reverse')
#   echo('@blue ^cyan blue cyan')
    #echo('@red @reverse red reverse')
#    echo('yellow red yellow on red 1')
#    echo('yellow,red,yellow on red 2', sep=',')
#    print 'yellow on red 3'

#        for bg in colours:
#                echo(bg.title().center(8), sep='.', end='')
#                for fg in colours:
#                        att=[fg, bg]
#                        if fg==bg: att.append('blink')
#                        att.append(fg.center(8))
#                        echo(','.join(att), sep=',', end='')

    #for att in attrs:
    #   echo('%s,%s' % (att, att.title().center(10)), sep=',', end='')
    #   print

    from time import sleep, strftime, gmtime
    colist='@grey @blue @cyan @white @cyan @blue'.split()
    while True:
        try:
            for c in colist:
                sleep(.1)
                echo('%s @28;33 hit ctrl-c to quit' % c,txtspeed=0)
            #echo('@yellow @6;66 %s' % strftime('%H:%M:%S', gmtime()))
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            break
        except:
            raise
    echo('@10;1')
    print

Answer 1

以下是一些尝试的技巧：

此代码块创建实际转义字符串的列表。它使用list comprehension迭代颜色名称列表，并在colour字典中查找转义码。 .split()只是一种创建字符串列表而不输入大量引号逗号引用序列的懒惰方式。
```
color_cycle = [
    [colour[name] for name in 'bldylw bldred bldgrn bldblu txtwht'.split()],
    [colour[name] for name in 'txtblu txtcyn'.split()]
]
```

稍后，您的函数可以通过创建iterator来使用这些列表。这个特定的迭代器使用标准库函数itertools.cycle，它无限地重复序列。我在这里假设你想用不同的颜色写出字符串的每个字符。

import itertools

# Create an iterator for the selected color sequence.
if colourc:
    icolor = itertools.cycle(color_cycle[colourc - 1])

for a in stringy:
    # Write out the escape code for next color
    if colourc:
        color = next(icolor)
        sys.stdout.write(color)

这是选择随机案例的另一种方法。在Python中，零被认为是假的：

    if rndcase:
        if random.randint(0,1):
            a = a.upper()
        else:
            a = a.lower()

Answer 2

这里有几个问题。首先，为什么在colourc变量上使用0和1而不是True和False？如果您使用适当的布尔值，那么很多更容易分辨出发生了什么。

在第一个if块中，如果colourc不为0，则将整个字符串写入stdout。我很惊讶这实际上并没有用颜色打印，就像我运行代码时一样。

在一次打印一个字符时，这就是您的代码遇到问题的地方。 ANSI转义序列不是单个字符，不能这样处理。首先，你的随机案例代码可能会破坏它碰巧碰到的任何ANSI序列，通过在序列中随机地上下字符来表示。或者

当我运行你的代码，但使用rndcase=False时，即使一次性代码中的单个字符也能正常工作。

您应该重新考虑如何在输入中设置颜色，这样当新颜色生效时，您可以打印整个ANSI序列，然后输出输出中的下一个字符。

彩色终端库

2 个答案: