matplotlib.pyplot问题python

时间:2011-11-21 21:40:14

标签: python installation matplotlib

我遇到了matplotlib的问题,更准确地说是pyplot。

安装完成后,执行

import matplotlib.pyplot

给了我这个错误:

ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Symbol not found: _png_create_info_struct
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so

所以我不知道发生了什么。我在Mac OS X 10.6上,我已经从磁盘映像中安装了python2.7,并使用tar.gz从终端安装了matplotlib并按照惯例进行操作

python setup.py build
python setup.py install

安装开始后,我看到:

BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
            matplotlib: 1.1.0
                python: 2.7 (r27:82508, Jul  3 2010, 21:12:11)  [GCC 4.0.1
                        (Apple Inc. build 5493)]
              platform: darwin

REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES
                 numpy: 1.6.1
             freetype2: 10.0.4

OPTIONAL BACKEND DEPENDENCIES
                libpng: 1.2.44
               Tkinter: no
                        * TKAgg requires Tkinter
                  Gtk+: no
                        * Building for Gtk+ requires pygtk; you must be able
                        * to "import gtk" in your build/install environment
       Mac OS X native: yes
                    Qt: no
                   Qt4: no
                 Cairo: no

OPTIONAL DATE/TIMEZONE DEPENDENCIES
              datetime: present, version unknown
              dateutil: matplotlib will provide
                  pytz: matplotlib will provide
adding pytz

OPTIONAL USETEX DEPENDENCIES
                dvipng: 1.13
           ghostscript: 8.61
                 latex: 3.1415926

请帮助任何人!

干杯

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

http://fonnesbeck.github.io/ScipySuperpack/

我一直在解决同样的问题,答案是安装ScipySuperpack。问题(至少对我来说)是我有一个64位版本的Python,我从github拉出来的matplotlib版本是32位。我克隆了ScipySuperpack存储库并运行了安装脚本,它运行良好。

没有任何与brew或者端口的战斗让我无处可去。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

如果有人和我有同样的问题并找到这个帖子,这就是我解决它的方法。

首先,我跟随当前的matplotlib README.osx以及this guy's advice(不确定是否有必要)......

brew install freetype --universal
brew install libpng --universal
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include"
export LDFLAGS=" -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib  -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib"

我还按照brew的建议设置了这些变量。

然后,我做了以下事情 (在构建和安装之后从matplotlib构建目录运行)

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ find . -name _png.so
./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ otool -L ./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so:
        /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.3)
        /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.2.0)
        /usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 830.0.0)

没有libpng!一个糟糕的迹象......让我们再次看到构建输出......

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ rm ./build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ python setup.py build
[SNIP]
c++ -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -g -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib -I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/_png.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/sw/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -lpng14 -lz -lstdc++ -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
ld: warning: in /sw/lib/libpng14.dylib, file was built for i386 which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64)

它没有使用正确的libpng:brew提供什么?

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ echo $LDFLAGS
 -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib  -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ ls /usr/local/opt/libpng/lib 
libpng.a          libpng.la         libpng15.a        pkgconfig
libpng.dylib      libpng15.15.dylib libpng15.dylib

让我们尝试通过复制粘贴命令来修复它,但是将-lpng14更改为-lpng15 ...(可能有一种更好的方法可以阻止它使用错误的命令,但这有效)

drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ c++ -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -g -L/usr/local/opt/libpng/lib -L/usr/local/opt/freetype/lib -I/usr/local/opt/libpng/include -I/usr/local/opt/freetype/include build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/_png.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/src/mplutils.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxx_extensions.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxsupport.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/IndirectPythonInterface.o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/CXX/cxxextensions.o -L/sw/lib -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -lpng15 -lz -lstdc++ -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/matplotlib/_png.so
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ python setup.py install
[SNIP]
drigz@mbp matplotlib 0$ otool -L /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/_png.so:
        /usr/local/opt/libpng/lib/libpng15.15.dylib (compatibility version 29.0.0, current version 29.0.0)
        /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.3)
        /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 7.9.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 125.2.0)
        /usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 830.0.0)

答案 2 :(得分:2)

我只想为可能仍有问题的人添加一些建议。我一直在寻找一段时间并尝试很多不同的东西。最终,它是下面的一个允许我在OSX 10.6上导入Python 2.7.6上的matplotlib.pyplot(先前安装了X11和XQuartz,可能已经过时):

  1. 安装pkg-info

    brew install pkg-info
    
  2. 从源代码安装libpng到/ usr / local / lib(configure --libdir = / usr / local)

  3. 安装XQuartz for Mac

  4. 从site-packages中删除matplotlib文件夹(可能是旧的,失败的尝试)。

  5. 运行

    ln -s /usr/local/opt/freetype/include/freetype2 /usr/local/include/freetype
    
  6. 最后,

    port install py27-matplotlib
    

    安装它,我能够导入。我遇到的原始错误是

    ImportError: dlopen(/opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py2.7-macosx-10.6-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/_png.so, 2): Library not loaded: /opt/local/lib/libpng15.15.dylib
    Referenced from: /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib-1.4.x-py2.7-macosx-10.6-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/_png.so Reason: image not found
    

    虽然有些尝试遇到了这个错误:

    In file included from src/ft2font.cpp:3:
    In file included from src/ft2font.h:16:
    /usr/X11/include/ft2build.h:56:10: fatal error: 'freetype/config/ftheader.h' file not found
    #include <freetype/config/ftheader.h>
    

    对不起,我不能更具体。

答案 3 :(得分:1)

您应按照以下说明在OSX上从源代码安装Matplotlib:https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/blob/master/README.osx

OSX对lib文件有点混乱,但遵循链接中的指示应解决您遇到的任何问题,因为它会以自包含的方式自动安装依赖项。

答案 4 :(得分:0)

我和OP有同样的问题。我git克隆了repo和“python setup install”而不是预编译版本。花了大约20分钟编译,现在似乎工作。