将数组传递给MySQL存储例程

时间:2011-11-16 09:45:02

标签: mysql arrays stored-procedures parameter-passing

我需要将一个字符串数组作为参数传递给MySQL存储的例程。该数组可能很长,其元素数量不固定。然后,我想将字符串值放入具有一列的内存表中,因此我可以处理数据。我不知道这是否可以在MySQL中完成。可能需要肮脏的解决方法。

例如,我有字符串值:

Banana, Apple, Orange

现在我想从MySQL Fruits表中获取有关这些水果的数据。伪代码:

create function GetFruits(Array fruitArray) 
   declare @temp table as
      fruitName varchar(100)
   end

   @temp = convert fruitArray to table
   select * from Fruits where Name in (select fruitName from @temp)
end

Microsoft SQL Server允许您使用TEXT数据类型并将数组作为XML字符串提交,从而快速创建内存表。但是,我不认为这种技术在MySQL中是可行的。

任何有关如何做到这一点的帮助将不胜感激!

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:56)

您可以在列表中传递一个字符串,并使用prepared statements来运行查询,例如 -

DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE GetFruits(IN fruitArray VARCHAR(255))
BEGIN

  SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT * FROM Fruits WHERE Name IN (', fruitArray, ')');
  PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
  EXECUTE stmt;
  DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

END
$$

DELIMITER ;

使用方法:

SET @fruitArray = '\'apple\',\'banana\'';
CALL GetFruits(@fruitArray);

答案 1 :(得分:25)

只需使用FIND_IN_SET

mysql> SELECT FIND_IN_SET('b','a,b,c,d');
        -> 2

所以你可以这样做:

select * from Fruits where FIND_IN_SET(fruit, fruitArray) > 0

答案 2 :(得分:15)

这有助于我做IN条件 希望这会对你有帮助..

CREATE  PROCEDURE `test`(IN Array_String VARCHAR(100))
BEGIN
    SELECT * FROM Table_Name
    WHERE FIND_IN_SET(field_name_to_search, Array_String);

END//;

致电:

 call test('3,2,1');

答案 3 :(得分:9)

使用临时表的连接。您不需要将临时表传递给函数they are global

create temporary table ids( id int ) ;
insert into ids values (1),(2),(3) ;

delimiter //
drop procedure if exists tsel //
create procedure tsel() -- uses temporary table named ids. no params
READS SQL DATA
BEGIN
  -- use the temporary table `ids` in the SELECT statement or
  -- whatever query you have
  select * from Users INNER JOIN ids on userId=ids.id ;
END //
DELIMITER ;

CALL tsel() ; -- call the procedure

答案 4 :(得分:3)

我为我的问题想出了一个尴尬但功能强大的解决方案。它适用于一维数组(更多维度会很棘手)和适合varchar的输入:

  declare pos int;           -- Keeping track of the next item's position
  declare item varchar(100); -- A single item of the input
  declare breaker int;       -- Safeguard for while loop 

  -- The string must end with the delimiter
  if right(inputString, 1) <> '|' then
     set inputString = concat(inputString, '|');
  end if;

  DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MyTemporaryTable;
  CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE MyTemporaryTable ( columnName varchar(100) );
  set breaker = 0;

  while (breaker < 2000) && (length(inputString) > 1) do
     -- Iterate looking for the delimiter, add rows to temporary table.
     set breaker = breaker + 1;
     set pos = INSTR(inputString, '|');
     set item = LEFT(inputString, pos - 1);
     set inputString = substring(inputString, pos + 1);
     insert into MyTemporaryTable values(item);
  end while;

例如,此代码的输入可以是字符串Apple|Banana|OrangeMyTemporaryTable将填充三行,分别包含字符串AppleBananaOrange

我认为字符串处理的速度慢会使这种方法变得无用,但它足够快(对于1,000个条目数组只有几分之一秒)。

希望这有助于某人。

答案 5 :(得分:3)

如果您不想使用临时表,则可以使用

这样的分割字符串
SET @Array = 'one,two,three,four';
SET @ArrayIndex = 2;
SELECT CASE 
    WHEN @Array REGEXP CONCAT('((,).*){',@ArrayIndex,'}') 
    THEN SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(@Array,',',@ArrayIndex+1),',',-1) 
    ELSE NULL
END AS Result;
  • SUBSTRING_INDEX(string, delim, n)返回第一个
  • SUBSTRING_INDEX(string, delim, -1)返回最后一个
  • REGEXP '((delim).*){n}'检查是否有n个分隔符(即你在界限内)

答案 6 :(得分:1)

这模拟了一个字符数组,但你可以用SUBSTR代替ELT来模拟一个字符串数组

declare t_tipos varchar(255) default 'ABCDE';
declare t_actual char(1);
declare t_indice integer default 1;
while t_indice<length(t_tipos)+1 do
    set t_actual=SUBSTR(t_tipos,t_indice,1);
        select t_actual;
        set t_indice=t_indice+1;
end while;

答案 7 :(得分:1)

我不确定这是否能完全回答问题(不是),但这是我为类似问题想到的解决方案。在这里,我尝试每个定界符只使用一次LOCATE()。

-- *****************************************************************************
-- test_PVreplace

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS test_PVreplace;

delimiter //
CREATE FUNCTION test_PVreplace (
   str TEXT,   -- String to do search'n'replace on
   pv TEXT     -- Parameter/value pairs 'p1=v1|p2=v2|p3=v3'
   )
   RETURNS TEXT

-- Replace specific tags with specific values.

sproc:BEGIN
   DECLARE idx INT;
   DECLARE idx0 INT DEFAULT 1;   -- 1-origined, not 0-origined
   DECLARE len INT;
   DECLARE sPV TEXT;
   DECLARE iPV INT;
   DECLARE sP TEXT;
   DECLARE sV TEXT;

   -- P/V string *must* end with a delimiter.

   IF (RIGHT (pv, 1) <> '|') THEN
      SET pv = CONCAT (pv, '|');
      END IF;

   -- Find all the P/V pairs.

   SELECT LOCATE ('|', pv, idx0) INTO idx;
   WHILE (idx > 0) DO
      SET len = idx - idx0;
      SELECT SUBSTRING(pv, idx0, len) INTO sPV;

      -- Found a P/V pair.  Break it up.

      SELECT LOCATE ('=', sPV) INTO iPV;
      IF (iPV = 0) THEN
         SET sP = sPV;
         SET sV = '';
      ELSE
         SELECT SUBSTRING(sPV, 1, iPV-1) INTO sP;
         SELECT SUBSTRING(sPV, iPV+1) INTO sV;
         END IF;

      -- Do the substitution(s).

      SELECT REPLACE (str, sP, sV) INTO str;

      -- Do next P/V pair.

      SET idx0 = idx + 1;
      SELECT LOCATE ('|', pv, idx0) INTO idx;
      END WHILE;
   RETURN (str);
END//
delimiter ;

SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three%', '%one%=1|%two%=2|%three%=3');
SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three%', '%one%=I|%two%=II|%three%=III');
SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three% - %one% %two% %three%', '%one%=I|%two%=II|%three%=III');
SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three% - %one% %two% %three%', '');
SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three% - %one% %two% %three%', NULL);
SELECT test_PVreplace ('%one% %two% %three%', '%one%=%two%|%two%=%three%|%three%=III');