为XML / HTML编码NSString

Question

有没有办法在objective-c中对字符串（NSString）进行HTML编码，这与.NET中的Server.HtmlEncode一致？

谢谢！

Answer 1

没有NSString方法可以做到这一点。你必须编写自己的函数来进行字符串替换。只需进行以下替换即可：

• '＆安培;' =＆GT; “＆放大器;放大器;”
• '“'=＆gt;”＆amp; quot;“
• '\''=＆gt; “＆安培;＃39;”
• '＆GT;' =＆GT; “＆安培; gt;” 中
• '＆LT;' =＆GT; “＆安培; LT;”

这样的事情应该做（没试过）：

[[[[[myStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"&" withString: @"&"]
 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"\"" withString: @"""]
 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"'" withString: @"'"]
 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @">" withString: @">"]
 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"<" withString: @"&lt;"];

Answer 2

我接受了Mike的工作并将其转换为NSMutableString和NSString

的类别

为NSMutableString创建一个类别：

- (NSMutableString *)xmlSimpleUnescape
{
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"&"  withString:@"&"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@""" withString:@"\"" options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"'" withString:@"'"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"'"  withString:@"'"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"’" withString:@"'"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"–" withString:@"-"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@">"   withString:@">"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"&lt;"   withString:@"<"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];

    return self;
}

- (NSMutableString *)xmlSimpleEscape
{
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"&"  withString:@"&amp;"  options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"\"" withString:@"&quot;" options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"'"  withString:@"&#x27;" options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@">"  withString:@"&gt;"   options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];
    [self replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"<"  withString:@"&lt;"   options:NSLiteralSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, [self length])];

    return self;
}

使用以下内容为NSString创建类别

- (NSString *)xmlSimpleUnescapeString
{
    NSMutableString *unescapeStr = [NSMutableString stringWithString:self];

    return [unescapeStr xmlSimpleUnescape];
}


- (NSString *)xmlSimpleEscapeString
{
    NSMutableString *escapeStr = [NSMutableString stringWithString:self];

    return [escapeStr xmlSimpleEscape];
}

* Swift 2.0版本*

Objective-C版本更高效，因为它对字符串进行了可变操作。但是，这是一种快速进行简单转义的方法：

extension String
{
    typealias SimpleToFromRepalceList = [(fromSubString:String,toSubString:String)]

    // See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24200888/any-way-to-replace-characters-on-swift-string
    //
    func simpleReplace( mapList:SimpleToFromRepalceList ) -> String
    {
        var string = self

        for (fromStr, toStr) in mapList {
            let separatedList = string.componentsSeparatedByString(fromStr)
            if separatedList.count > 1 {
                string = separatedList.joinWithSeparator(toStr)
            }
        }

        return string
    }

    func xmlSimpleUnescape() -> String
    {
        let mapList : SimpleToFromRepalceList = [
            ("&",  "&"),
            (""", "\""),
            ("'", "'"),
            ("'",  "'"),
            ("’", "'"),
            ("–", "-"),
            (">",   ">"),
            ("&lt;",   "<")]

        return self.simpleReplace(mapList)
    }

    func xmlSimpleEscape() -> String
    {
        let mapList : SimpleToFromRepalceList = [
            ("&",  "&amp;"),
            ("\"", "&quot;"),
            ("'",  "&#x27;"),
            (">",  "&gt;"),
            ("<",  "&lt;")]

        return self.simpleReplace(mapList)
    }
}

我本可以使用NSString桥接功能编写与NSString版本非常相似的东西，但我决定更加开心。

Answer 3

我使用Google Toolbox for Mac（适用于iPhone）。特别是，请参阅GTMNSString+HTML.h和GTMNSString+XML.h中对NSString的补充。

Answer 4

对于网址编码：

NSString * encodedString = [originalString
      stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];

有关详细信息，请参阅Apple's NSString documentation。

适用于HTML编码：

查看CFXMLCreateStringByEscapingEntities，它是Core Foundation XML库的一部分，但仍应该这样做。

Answer 5

同样的例程忘记了十六进制数字。这是我提出的例行程序：

- (NSString*)convertEntities:(NSString*)string
{

NSString    *returnStr = nil;

    if( string )
    {
        returnStr = [ string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"&" withString: @"&"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@""" withString:@"\""  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"'" withString:@"'"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"9" withString:@"'"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"’" withString:@"'"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"–" withString:@"'"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@">" withString:@">"  ];

        returnStr = [ returnStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"&lt;" withString:@"<"  ];

        returnStr = [ [ NSString alloc ] initWithString:returnStr ];
    }

    return returnStr;
}

Answer 6

这是一个更有效的xml转义逻辑实现。

+ (NSString*) xmlSimpleEscape:(NSString*)unescapedStr
{
  if (unescapedStr == nil || [unescapedStr length] == 0) {
    return unescapedStr;
  }

  const int len = [unescapedStr length];
  int longer = ((int) (len * 0.10));
  if (longer < 5) {
    longer = 5;
  }
  longer = len + longer;
  NSMutableString *mStr = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:longer];

  NSRange subrange;
  subrange.location = 0;
  subrange.length = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    char c = [unescapedStr characterAtIndex:i];
    NSString *replaceWithStr = nil;

    if (c == '\"')
    {
      replaceWithStr = @"&quot;";
    }
    else if (c == '\'')
    {
      replaceWithStr = @"&#x27;";
    }
    else if (c == '<')
    {
      replaceWithStr = @"&lt;";
    }
    else if (c == '>')
    {
      replaceWithStr = @"&gt;";
    }
    else if (c == '&')
    {
      replaceWithStr = @"&amp;";
    }

    if (replaceWithStr == nil) {
      // The current character is not an XML escape character, increase subrange length

      subrange.length += 1;
    } else {
      // The current character will be replaced, but append any pending substring first

      if (subrange.length > 0) {
        NSString *substring = [unescapedStr substringWithRange:subrange];
        [mStr appendString:substring];
      }

      [mStr appendString:replaceWithStr];

      subrange.location = i + 1;
      subrange.length = 0;
    }
  }

  // Got to end of unescapedStr so append any pending substring, in the
  // case of no escape characters this will append the whole string.

  if (subrange.length > 0) {
    if (subrange.location == 0) {
      [mStr appendString:unescapedStr];      
    } else {
      NSString *substring = [unescapedStr substringWithRange:subrange];
      [mStr appendString:substring];
    }
  }

  return [NSString stringWithString:mStr];
}

+ (NSString*) formatSimpleNode:(NSString*)tagname value:(NSString*)value
{
  NSAssert(tagname != nil, @"tagname is nil");
  NSAssert([tagname length] > 0, @"tagname is the empty string");

  if (value == nil || [value length] == 0) {
    // Certain XML parsers don't like empty nodes like "<foo/>", use "<foo />" instead
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<%@ />", tagname];
  } else {
    NSString *escapedValue = [self xmlSimpleEscape:value];
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<%@>%@</%@>", tagname, escapedValue, tagname];    
  }
}

Answer 7

如果你可以使用NSXMLNode（在OS X上）这就是诀窍：

NSString *string = @"test<me>"
NSXMLNode *textNode = [NSXMLNode textWithStringValue:string];
NSString *escapedString = [textNode.XMLString];

Answer 8

我使用Mike和Tod的答案here组合了一个快速示例项目。

使编码/解码变得简单：

NSString *html = @"<p>This \"paragraph\" contains quoted & 'single' quoted stuff.</p>";
NSLog(@"Original String: %@", html);

NSString *escapedHTML = [html xmlSimpleEscapeString];
NSLog(@"Escaped String: %@", escapedHTML);

NSString *unescapedHTML = [escapedHTML xmlSimpleUnescapeString];
NSLog(@"Unescaped String: %@", unescapedHTML);

Answer 9

这是我对html编码/解码的快速类别：

extension String
{
    static let htmlEscapedDictionary = [
        "&": "&",
        """ : "\"",
        "'" : "'",
        "9" : "'",
        "’" : "'",
        "–" : "'",
        ">" : ">",
        "&lt;" : "<"]

    var escapedHtmlString : String {
        var newString = "\(self)"

        for (key, value) in String.htmlEscapedDictionary {
            newString.replace(value, withString: key)
        }
        return newString
    }

    var unescapedHtmlString : String {
        let encodedData = self.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
        let attributedOptions : [String: AnyObject] = [
            NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType,
            NSCharacterEncodingDocumentAttribute: NSUTF8StringEncoding
        ]
        let attributedString = NSAttributedString(data: encodedData, options: attributedOptions, documentAttributes: nil, error: nil)!
        return attributedString.string
    }

    mutating func replace(originalString:String, withString newString:String)
    {
        let replacedString = self.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(originalString, withString: newString, options: nil, range: nil)
        self = replacedString
    }
}

我想htmlEscapedDictionary的反面也可以在unescapedHtmlString中使用

注意：正如MarkBau在下面的评论中指出：由于Swift不保证字典顺序，请务必先替换&。

Answer 10

我并不完全确定它是否适用于所有情况，但可能更容易用CDATA包围您的文字：

<xmltag><![CDATA[some <b>long</b> <i>xml</i> text]]></xmltag>

什么是CDATA： What does <![CDATA[]]> in XML mean?

Answer 11

快捷键4

SELECT * FROM rule WHERE value1 op1 ?;

Answer 12

这个最简单的解决方案是创建一个类别如下：

这是类别的标题文件：

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface NSString (URLEncoding)
-(NSString *)urlEncodeUsingEncoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding;
@end

这是实施：

#import "NSString+URLEncoding.h"
@implementation NSString (URLEncoding)
-(NSString *)urlEncodeUsingEncoding:(NSStringEncoding)encoding {
    return (NSString *)CFURLCreateStringByAddingPercentEscapes(NULL,
               (CFStringRef)self,
               NULL,
               (CFStringRef)@"!*'\"();:@&=+$,/?%#[]% ",
               CFStringConvertNSStringEncodingToEncoding(encoding));
}
@end

现在我们可以做到这一点：

NSString *raw = @"hell & brimstone + earthly/delight";
NSString *url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://example.com/example?param=%@",
            [raw urlEncodeUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
NSLog(url);

此答案的学分转到以下网站： -

http://madebymany.com/blog/url-encoding-an-nsstring-on-ios

Answer 13

参考以下答案：

NSString *content = global.strPrivacyPolicy;
content =  [[[[[content stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"&" withString: @"&"]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"""  withString:@"\" "]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @"'"  withString:@"'"]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString: @">" withString: @">"]
stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:  @"&lt;" withString:@"<"];
[_webViewPrivacy loadHTMLString:content baseURL:nil];

Answer 14

使用以下示例中的消息：

anyStringConverted = [anyString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"\n" withString:@"<br>"]; 

这会将'new line'命令转换为相应的html代码。但要转换符号，您必须编写相应的html编号。 您可以在

中查看完整的HTML编号列表

http://www.ascii.cl/htmlcodes.htm

Answer 15

我发现仅使用内置函数（而不是手动解析）并涵盖所有情况的唯一方法。除Foundation之外，还需要AppKit / UIKit。这是Swift，但很容易成为Objective-C：

func encodedForHTML() -> String {

    // make a plain attributed string and then use its HTML write functionality
    let attrStr = NSAttributedString(string: self)

    // by default, the document outputs a whole HTML element
    // warning: if default apple implementation changes, this may need to be tweaked
    let options: [NSAttributedString.DocumentAttributeKey: Any] = [
            .documentType: NSAttributedString.DocumentType.html,
            .excludedElements: [
                "html",
                "head",
                "meta",
                "title",
                "style",
                "p",
                "body",
                "font",
                "span"
            ]
    ]

    // generate data and turn into string
    let data = try! attrStr.data(from: NSRange(location: 0, length: attrStr.length), documentAttributes: options)
    let str = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!

    // remove <?xml line
    return str.components(separatedBy: .newlines).dropFirst().first!
}