简单查询以获取每个ID的最大值

时间:2009-04-16 12:32:47

标签: sql sql-server max greatest-n-per-group

好的我有这样一张桌子:

ID     Signal    Station    OwnerID
111     -120      Home       1
111     -130      Car        1
111     -135      Work       2
222     -98       Home       2
222     -95       Work       1
222     -103      Work       2

这是同一天。我只需要Query来返回每个ID的最大信号:

ID    Signal    Station    OwnerID
111   -120      Home        1
222   -95       Work        1

我尝试使用MAX()和聚合混乱,每个记录的Station和OwnerID都不同。我需要加入吗?

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

这样的东西?自己加入你的表,并排除找到更高信号的行。

select cur.id, cur.signal, cur.station, cur.ownerid
from yourtable cur
where not exists (
    select * 
    from yourtable high 
    where high.id = cur.id 
    and high.signal > cur.signal
)

这将为每个最高信号列出一行,因此每个id可能有多行。

答案 1 :(得分:15)

您正在进行分组最大/最小操作。这是一个常见的陷阱:它感觉像是应该很容易做的事情,但在SQL中它更加恶化。

此问题有许多方法(标准ANSI和特定于供应商),其中大多数在许多情况下都是次优的。当多行共享相同的最大/最小值时,有些会给你多行;有些人不会。有些人在有少量团体的桌子上工作得很好;对于每组中行数较少的大量组,其他组更有效。

Here's a discussion一些常见的(MySQL偏见但普遍适用)。就个人而言,如果我知道没有多个最大值(或者不关心它们),我常常倾向于使用null-left-self-join方法,我将发布这个方法,因为其他人还没有:

SELECT reading.ID, reading.Signal, reading.Station, reading.OwnerID
FROM readings AS reading
LEFT JOIN readings AS highersignal
    ON highersignal.ID=reading.ID AND highersignal.Signal>reading.Signal
WHERE highersignal.ID IS NULL;

答案 2 :(得分:4)

在经典的SQL-92(不使用Quassnoi使用的OLAP操作)中,您可以使用:

SELECT g.ID, g.MaxSignal, t.Station, t.OwnerID
  FROM (SELECT id, MAX(Signal) AS MaxSignal
          FROM t
          GROUP BY id) AS g
       JOIN t ON g.id = t.id AND g.MaxSignal = t.Signal;

(未经检查的语法;假设您的表格为't'。)

FROM子句中的子查询标识每个id的最大信号值;连接将其与主表中的相应数据行组合在一起。

注意:如果有一些特定ID的条目都具有相同的信号强度且强度是MAX(),那么您将获得该ID的几个输出行。


针对在Solaris 10上运行的IBM Informix Dynamic Server 11.50.FC3进行了测试:

+ CREATE TEMP TABLE signal_info
(
    id      INTEGER NOT NULL,
    signal  INTEGER NOT NULL,
    station CHAR(5) NOT NULL,
    ownerid INTEGER NOT NULL
);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(111, -120, 'Home', 1);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(111, -130, 'Car' , 1);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(111, -135, 'Work', 2);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(222, -98 , 'Home', 2);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(222, -95 , 'Work', 1);
+ INSERT INTO signal_info VALUES(222, -103, 'Work', 2);
+ SELECT g.ID, g.MaxSignal, t.Station, t.OwnerID
  FROM (SELECT id, MAX(Signal) AS MaxSignal
            FROM signal_info
            GROUP BY id) AS g
      JOIN signal_info AS t  ON g.id = t.id AND g.MaxSignal = t.Signal;

111     -120    Home    1
222     -95     Work    1

我为此测试命名了表Signal_Info - 但它似乎产生了正确的答案。 这仅表明至少有一个DBMS支持该表示法。但是,我有点惊讶MS SQL Server没有 - 您使用的是哪个版本?


在没有表名的情况下提交SQL问题的频率永远不会让我感到惊讶。

答案 3 :(得分:2)


with tab(id, sig, sta, oid) as
(
select 111 as id, -120 as signal, 'Home' as station, 1 as ownerId union all
select 111, -130, 'Car',  1 union all
select 111, -135, 'Work', 2 union all
select 222, -98, 'Home',  2 union all
select 222, -95, 'Work',  1 union all
select 222, -103, 'Work', 2
) ,
tabG(id, maxS) as
(
   select id, max(sig) as sig from tab group by id
)
select g.*, p.* from tabG g
cross apply ( select  top(1) * from tab t where t.id=g.id order by t.sig desc ) p

答案 4 :(得分:1)

WITH q AS
         (
         SELECT  c.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY id ORDER BY signal DESC) rn
         FROM    mytable
         )
SELECT   *
FROM     q
WHERE    rn = 1

即使给定MAX(signal)的{​​{1}}重复,也会返回一行。

ID上建立索引将大大改善此查询。

答案 5 :(得分:1)

我们可以使用自我加入

SELECT  T1.ID,T1.Signal,T2.Station,T2.OwnerID
FROM (select ID,max(Signal) as Signal from mytable group by ID) T1
LEFT JOIN mytable T2
ON T1.ID=T2.ID and T1.Signal=T2.Signal;

或者您也可以使用以下查询

SELECT t0.ID,t0.Signal,t0.Station,t0.OwnerID 
FROM mytable t0 
LEFT JOIN mytable t1 ON t0.ID=t1.ID AND t1.Signal>t0.Signal 
WHERE t1.ID IS NULL;

答案 6 :(得分:0)

select a.id, b.signal, a.station, a.owner from 
mytable a
join 
(SELECT ID, MAX(Signal) as Signal FROM mytable GROUP BY ID) b
on a.id = b.id AND a.Signal = b.Signal 

答案 7 :(得分:0)

SELECT * FROM StatusTable
WHERE Signal IN (
    SELECT A.maxSignal FROM
    (
        SELECT ID, MAX(Signal) AS maxSignal
        FROM StatusTable
        GROUP BY ID
    ) AS A
);

答案 8 :(得分:0)

选择  ID,  max_signal,  所有者,  ownerId 来自(   从表中选择*,rank()over(按信号desc按ID顺序划分)作为max_signal ) 其中max_signal = 1;